The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Mus
culo
-ske
leta
l Sys
tem
1
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Mus
culo
-ske
leta
l Sys
tem
1
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Mus
culo
-ske
leta
l Sys
tem
2
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Mus
culo
-ske
leta
l Sys
tem
2
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Mus
culo
-ske
leta
l Sys
tem
3
What are the three different
types of joint?
What is the role of the platelets?
What type of joint is the wrist?
What movement pattern
is moving away from the
midline of the body?
What is the role of ligaments?
1
2
3
4
5
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Mus
culo
-ske
leta
l Sys
tem
1
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Mus
culo
-ske
leta
l Sys
tem
1
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Mus
culo
-ske
leta
l Sys
tem
2
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Mus
culo
-ske
leta
l Sys
tem
2
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Mus
culo
-ske
leta
l Sys
tem
3
1
2
3
4
5
The three different types
of joint are fixed, slightly
moveable and freely
moveable.
Platelets help blood to clot.
The wrist is a condyloid joint.
Abduction is the movement
pattern moving away from
the midline of the body.
Ligaments connect bones to bones.
GCSE Revision • PE
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GCSE Revision • PE
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Mus
culo
-ske
leta
l Sys
tem
3
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Card
io-r
espi
rato
ry S
yste
m 1
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Card
io-r
espi
rato
ry S
yste
m 2
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Card
io-r
espi
rato
ry S
yste
m 2
6
7
8
9
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Mus
culo
-ske
leta
l Sys
tem
3
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Card
io-r
espi
rato
ry S
yste
m 1
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Card
io-r
espi
rato
ry S
yste
m 2
The
Stru
ctur
e an
d Fu
nctio
ns o
f
the
Card
io-r
espi
rato
ry S
yste
m 2
6
7
8
9
GCSE Revision • PE
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What are the characteristics
of type I muscle fibres?
What does the vascular shunt
mechanism do?
What are alveoli?
What is tidal volume?
Type I muscle fibres use
oxygen, are red, slow, and
resistant to fatigue.
The vascular shunt mechanism
re-distributes oxygenated
blood to where it is most
needed.
Alveoli are small air sacs
where gases are exchanged.
Tidal volume is the amount
of air that enters the lungs
during normal breathing
when at rest.
Ana
erob
ic a
nd
Aer
obic
Exe
rcis
e
10
Ana
erob
ic a
nd
Aer
obic
Exe
rcis
e
10
GCSE Revision • PE
What percentage of
maximum heart rate would
an athlete be working at
if they are working in the
aerobic zone?
An athlete’s heart rate would
be between 60%–80% of their
maximum heart rate when
working in the aerobic zone.
The
Shor
t- a
nd L
ong-
term
Eff
ects
of E
xerc
ise
Leve
r Sys
tem
s Pl
anes
and
Axe
s of
M
ovem
ent
The
Rela
tions
hip
betw
een
Hea
lth a
nd F
itnes
s
11
12
13
14
The
Shor
t- a
nd L
ong-
term
Eff
ects
of E
xerc
ise
Leve
r Sys
tem
s Pl
anes
and
Axe
s of
M
ovem
ent
The
Rela
tions
hip
betw
een
Hea
lth a
nd F
itnes
s
11
12
13
14
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What are the long term
effects of exercise on the
cardio-vascular system?
What type of lever has the
fulcrum in between the load
and force?
What plane separates the body
into upper and lower parts?
Define body composition.
The heart gets larger and
stronger, the heart has
greater force, stroke volume
increases, cardiac output
increases, lower resting
heart rate, blood pressure
decreases, blood vessels
become stronger.
The first class lever has the
fulcrum between the load
and force.
The transverse plane
separates the body into upper
and lower parts.
Body composition is the
percentage of body weight
that is muscle, fat and bone.
Com
pone
nts
of F
itne
ss
Dat
a In
terp
reta
tion
1
15
Com
pone
nts
of F
itne
ss
Dat
a In
terp
reta
tion
1
15
GCSE Revision • PE
How many minutes do
individuals have to run for on
the Cooper run test?
Individuals must run for 12
minutes on the Cooper run test.
Com
pone
nts
of F
itne
ss
Dat
a In
terp
reta
tion
2Th
e Pr
inci
ples
of
Trai
ning
1
The
Prin
cipl
es o
f Tr
aini
ng 1
Th
e Pr
inci
ples
of
Trai
ning
2
16
17
18
19
Com
pone
nts
of F
itne
ss
Dat
a In
terp
reta
tion
2Th
e Pr
inci
ples
of
Trai
ning
1
The
Prin
cipl
es o
f Tr
aini
ng 1
Th
e Pr
inci
ples
of
Trai
ning
2
16
17
18
19
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What does the vertical jump
test measure?
What three things can
overtraining cause?
What can maximum heart
rate be used for?
Name examples of
plyometric training.
The vertical jump test
measures power.
Overtraining can cause
injury, illness, and poor
performance.
Maximum heart rate can be
used to identify if someone
is working aerobically or
anaerobically.
Examples of plyometric
training are bouncing,
jumping, hopping, bounding.
The
Long
-ter
m E
ffec
ts
of E
xerc
ise
20 The
Long
-ter
m E
ffec
ts
of E
xerc
ise
20
GCSE Revision • PE
What are the long term
benefits of exercise to the
musculo-skeletal system?
Increased bone density,
muscles getting bigger,
muscles getting stronger,
increased tendon strength
and increased ligament
strength.
How
to O
ptim
ise
Trai
ning
an
d Pr
even
t Inj
ury
Effe
ctiv
e U
se o
f War
m-u
p an
d Co
ol D
own
Use
of D
ata
Phys
ical
, Em
otio
nal a
nd S
ocia
l
Hea
lth, F
itnes
s and
Wel
l-bei
ng
21
22
23
24
How
to O
ptim
ise
Trai
ning
an
d Pr
even
t Inj
ury
Effe
ctiv
e U
se o
f War
m-u
p an
d Co
ol D
own
Use
of D
ata
Phys
ical
, Em
otio
nal a
nd S
ocia
l
Hea
lth, F
itnes
s and
Wel
l-bei
ng
21
22
23
24
GCSE Revision • PE
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What does PARQ stand for?
What are the four stages of a
warm-up?
What is secondary data?
What methods can be used
to evaluate the success of
training?
PARQ stands for Pre-Activity
Readiness Questionnaire.
Stage 1: pulse raiser
Stage 2: dynamic stretching
Stage 3: practice activities
Stage 4: mental preparation.
Secondary data is using
previously published data.
Heart rate monitors, training
diaries, fitness tests, and
feedback can be used to
evaluate the success of
training.
The
Cons
eque
nces
of a
Se
dent
ary
Life
styl
e 1
25
The
Cons
eque
nces
of a
Se
dent
ary
Life
styl
e 1
25
GCSE Revision • PE
What are the government’s physical
activity recommendations for
children and young people?
The government recommends
that children and young
people undertake 60 minutes
of physical activity a day.
The
Cons
eque
nces
of a
Se
dent
ary
Life
styl
e 1
The
Cons
eque
nces
of a
Se
dent
ary
Life
styl
e 2
The
Cons
eque
nces
of a
Se
dent
ary
Life
styl
e 2
Ener
gy U
se, D
iet,
Nut
riti
on a
nd H
ydra
tion
26
27
28
29
The
Cons
eque
nces
of a
Se
dent
ary
Life
styl
e 1
The
Cons
eque
nces
of a
Se
dent
ary
Life
styl
e 2
The
Cons
eque
nces
of a
Se
dent
ary
Life
styl
e 2
Ener
gy U
se, D
iet,
Nut
riti
on a
nd H
ydra
tion
26
27
28
29
GCSE Revision • PE
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GCSE Revision • PE
What are the negatives of
using nicotine?
What is an individual at risk
of if they are overweight?
Has obesity for males
and females increased or
decreased since 1995?
Name the four macronutrients.
Nicotine increases your risk of
developing many cancers and
lung diseases.
Depression, coronary heart
disease, high blood pressure,
diabetes, increased risk of
osteoporosis, loss of muscle
tone, poor posture, poor
physical fitness.
Obesity for males and females
has increased since 1995.
The four macronutrients are
water, carbohydrates, protein
and fibre.
Clas
sific
atio
n of
Ski
lls
30 Clas
sific
atio
n of
Ski
lls
30
GCSE Revision • PE
Describe an open skill.
The environment is constantly
changing, so skills need to be
constantly adapted.
Goa
l Set
ting
, SM
ART
Tar
gets
and
Info
rmat
ion
Proc
essi
ng
Gui
danc
e an
d Fe
edba
ck
on P
erfo
rman
ce
Men
tal P
repa
ratio
n,
Aro
usal
and
Per
sona
lity
Enga
gem
ent P
atte
rns o
f
Diff
eren
t Soc
ial G
roup
s in
Phys
ical
Act
ivity
and
Spo
rt 1
31
32
33
34
Goa
l Set
ting
, SM
ART
Tar
gets
and
Info
rmat
ion
Proc
essi
ng
Gui
danc
e an
d Fe
edba
ck
on P
erfo
rman
ce
Men
tal P
repa
ratio
n,
Aro
usal
and
Per
sona
lity
31
32
33
34
GCSE Revision • PE
GCSE Revision • PE
GCSE Revision • PE
GCSE Revision • PE
Enga
gem
ent P
atte
rns o
f
Diff
eren
t Soc
ial G
roup
s in
Phys
ical
Act
ivity
and
Spo
rt 1
What does SMART stand for?
What are the four types of
feedback?
What is positive self-talk?
Explain how gender can
affect participation in physical
activity and sport.
SMART stands for Specific,
Measurable, Achievable,
Realistic and Time-based.
The four types of feedback
are intrinsic, extrinsic,
concurrent and terminal.
Positive self-talk is where
individuals use motivational
and encouraging words to
help them achieve improved
performance.
Women do less sport than men,
fewer opportunities for women,
some women fear being judged,
some women lack confidence.
Opportunities for women in sport
are increasing, but are still low
in some areas and some religious
values do not support
women taking part.
35 35
GCSE Revision • PE
Enga
gem
ent P
atte
rns o
f
Diff
eren
t Soc
ial G
roup
s in
Phys
ical
Act
ivity
and
Spo
rt 2
Enga
gem
ent P
atte
rns o
f
Diff
eren
t Soc
ial G
roup
s in
Phys
ical
Act
ivity
and
Spo
rt 2
Explain how ethnicity can
affect participation in physical
activity and sport.
Participation by ethnic
minorities in some instances
is low, racist behaviour can
prevent individuals from
taking part in sport, lack of
sufficient specific classes and
role models. Participation is
increasing.
Ethi
cal a
nd S
ocio
-cul
tura
l Iss
ues
in P
hysi
cal A
ctiv
ity a
nd S
port
Cont
empo
rary
Spo
rtU
se o
f Dat
a
36
37
39
40
Ethi
cal a
nd S
ocio
-cul
tura
l Iss
ues
in P
hysi
cal A
ctiv
ity a
nd S
port
Cont
empo
rary
Spo
rtU
se o
f Dat
a
36
37
39
40
GCSE Revision • PE
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Com
mer
cial
isat
ion
of P
hysi
cal
Act
ivity
and
Spo
rt
Com
mer
cial
isat
ion
of P
hysi
cal
Act
ivity
and
Spo
rt
What are the advantages
of having increased media
involvement in sport due to
commercialisation?
What is sportsmanship?
There are many reasons
for hooliganism in sport,
identify three reasons for this
occurring.
Name four ways in which
data can be collected.
Better-informed supporters,
increased awareness of the
sport, increased coverage and
can be viewed globally.
Sportsmanship is displaying
the qualities of fairness,
following the rules and being
gracious in defeat or victory.
Rivalry, media hype,
consumption of alcohol,
use of drugs, gang culture,
frustration, display of
masculinity.
Data can be collected face
to face, via telephone, using
post and using the internet.
Ethi
cal a
nd S
ocio
-cul
tura
l Iss
ues
in P
hysi
cal A
ctiv
ity a
nd S
port
38
Ethi
cal a
nd S
ocio
-cul
tura
l Iss
ues
in P
hysi
cal A
ctiv
ity a
nd S
port
38
GCSE Revision • PE
What are the consequences of
deviance in sport?
Fines for clubs or individuals,
negative image for
participant(s) and sport,
sponsors or commercial
partners withdraw, negative
media portrayal and loss of
income to club / individual.
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