The Quality of Life of Typhoon Sendong Survivors: Their General Well-being, Impact of

Event, and Life EffectivenessBy: Dr. Alma Gujilde-Maranda,

Mae Lourdes Lindayao,Katherine Xyra Quitos,Margaret Rose Maambong

4TH ASEAN REGIONAL UNION OF PSYCHOLOGISTS (ARUPS)

AND THE 50TH ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION

OF THE PHILIPPINES(PAP)MIRIAM COLLEGE,QUEZON CITY

OCT 23-26,2013

Objectives of the Study

General well-being of Sendong Survivors across their developmental stage, extent of material damage and level of lethality:

Psychological distressPsychological Well-Being

How they deal with the experienced distress caused by traumatic event of Typhoon Sendong.

AvoidanceIntrusionHyperarousal

How effective were the following areas used by Sendong survivors in dealing with their life after Typhoon Sendong:

Time Management Task LeadershipSocial Competence Emotional ControlAchievement Motivation Active InitiativeIntellectual Flexibility Self-confidence

Differences and interaction across developmental stages, extent of material damage, level of lethality in terms of:

General Well-BeingQuality of life

Impact of EventLife Effectiveness

Terror Management Theory (Solomon, Psyzczynski, Guenberg)

people hold on tightly to cultural worldviews and beliefs in order to suppress death and mortality- related thoughts.

culture lessens the anxiety that results in the awareness of one’s mortality

A. Theories on Lethality

Meaning Management Theory (Wong)

To be able to manage our life through meaning.

Human beings are meaning-seeking and

meaning-making

A. Theories on Lethality

Learned Helplessness (Martin Seligman)

description in motivation, affect and learning following

exposure to noncontingent or uncontrolled outcomes

B. Theories on Quality of Life

Theory of Cognitive Appraisal (Richard Lazarus)

cognitive appraisal of a situation is crucial in experiencing emotions. It involves an individual’s personal interpretation of an event in determining one’s emotional reaction.

Transactional Model of Stress and Coping(Richard Lazarus and Susan Folkman)

Framework developed to evaluate the processes of coping with stressful events.

B. Theories on Quality of Life

Theory of Psychological Well-Being (Carol Ryff)

Psychological Well-Being measures an individual’s sense of autonomy, self-acceptance, quality ties or positive relations with others, sense of purpose in life, personal growth and development and the ability to deal with the environment for personal needs and values.

C. Theories on General Well-Being

Emotional Processing Theory (Foa

Rothbaum)

The development of fear structure in memory results escaped and avoidance behavior.

D. Theories on Impact of Event

Dual Representation Theory (Brewin)

Implies that images, appraisals and emotions occurring peri-traumatically involve a process that is more automatic, more influenced and less consciously accessible

Cognitive Models (Ehlers and Clark)

The Pathological responses to trauma persist when individual’s process the traumatic information in a way that produces a sesnse of current threat, either an external threat to safety or an internal hreat to the self

and the future.

D. Theories on Impact of Event

Self-Efficacy (Bandura)

Belief in one’s capabilities to organize and execute courses of action required to manage prospective situations.

E. Theories on Life Effectiveness

Self-concept Theory (Rogers)

The totality of our beliefs, preferences, opinions and attitudes organized in a systematic manner, towards our personal existence.

Attachment Theory (Bowlby)

Deep and enduring emotional bond that connects one person to another across a long period of time and space.

E. Theories on Life Effectiveness

Schematic Diagram

Psychological Well-being

Psychological Distress

General Well-Being

Self Confidence

Active Initiative

Emotional Control

Task Leadership

Intellectual Flexibility

Achievement Motivation

Social Competence

Time Management

Life Effectiveness

Hyperarousal

Intrusion

Avoidance

Impact of Event

Typhoon Sendong Survivors

Developmental StageChildren

Adolescents

Extent of Material DamagePartial

Complete

Level of LethalityModerate

Severe

QUALITY OF LIFE

Conceptual Framework

Developmental Stage and Extent of Material Damage in terms of Life-Effectiveness

Results and Discussion

Source of Variation Sum of Squares df Mean of Squares

F(c) F(t) Interpretation

Between A (Developmental Stage)

0.02 1 0.02 0.08 3.84 Not Significant

Between B (Extent of Material Damage)

0.03 1 0.03 0.09 3.84 Not Significant

AxB (Developmental Stage x Extent of Material

Damage)

1.30 1 1.30 4.23 3.84 Significant

Within GroupsA. General Well BeingB. Impact of Life EventsC. Life Effectiveness

Recommendations

A. CSWD and other Mental health care Professionals

Conduct workshops or seminars to professionals and non-professional volunteer handling psychosocial interventions.

Design psychological intervention strategies that would fit for specific developmental stage.

Follow-up survivors who remain symptomatic in the post-disaster environment.