The NucleusThe Nucleus
Spherical or Oval StructureSpherical or Oval Structure Usually most predominant Usually most predominant
structure in a cellstructure in a cell Most cells have a single nucleusMost cells have a single nucleus
Mature RBCs – no nuclesuMature RBCs – no nuclesu Skeletal Muscle – multinucleatedSkeletal Muscle – multinucleated
Nuclear EnvelopeNuclear Envelope
Double MembraneDouble Membrane Lipid BilayersLipid Bilayers Separates the Nucleus from the Separates the Nucleus from the
CytoplasmCytoplasm Outer membrane is continuous Outer membrane is continuous
with the Rough ERwith the Rough ER
Nuclear PoresNuclear Pores
Openings in the nuclear envelopeOpenings in the nuclear envelope Control movement of substances Control movement of substances
between the nucleus and between the nucleus and cytoplasmcytoplasm
NucleoliNucleoli
Cluster of protein, DNA and RNACluster of protein, DNA and RNA Found within the nucleusFound within the nucleus Site of ribosome productionSite of ribosome production
Cells that produce large amounts of Cells that produce large amounts of protein have very predominant protein have very predominant nucleolinucleoli
GenesGenes
Heredity UnitsHeredity Units Control cell structure and direct Control cell structure and direct
cell activitycell activity Arranged in single file on Arranged in single file on
chromosomeschromosomes Humans cells have 46 chromosomesHumans cells have 46 chromosomes Appear as thin threads called Appear as thin threads called
chromatin when the cell isn’t dividingchromatin when the cell isn’t dividing
GenomeGenome
The total genetic information The total genetic information carried in a cell or organismcarried in a cell or organism
Genomics – the study of the Genomics – the study of the genome and the biological genome and the biological functions of the organismfunctions of the organism
Human Genome ProjectHuman Genome Project
Began in 1990 in an effort to Began in 1990 in an effort to sequence all 3.2 billion (BILLION!) sequence all 3.2 billion (BILLION!) nucleotides of the human genome.nucleotides of the human genome.
CheckpointCheckpoint
Describe the function of the Describe the function of the nucleusnucleus
What are the structures that What are the structures that compose the nucleus?compose the nucleus?
Do all cells have a single nucleus?Do all cells have a single nucleus?
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