The Holy Roman
Empire and the
Church
Section 2
Lesson Objectives 122.Describe the Holy Roman Empire. (10)
123.Describe the feud between Henry IV and
Pope Gregory VII. (25)
124.Explain how Pope Innocent III
represented the power of the Catholic
Church. (8)
122. Describe the Holy Roman Empire.
•The Holy Roman Empire was one of the kingdoms left over from Charlemagne. •It was located in modern day Germany and parts of France. •Eventually it expanded to include parts of Italy.
Otto I and the Pope work together
•Wanted to be like Charlemagne. o Worked closely with the
Pope. o Defeated a rebellion in
Rome. o Crowned emperor by the
Pope. •Saw himself as an heir to the emperors of ancient Rome.
123. Describe the feud between Henry IV and
Pope Gregory VII.
vs
.
Emperors Struggle for Control
•Struggled for power over their vassals. o Never fully controlled all of
their empire.
•They struggled for power with the church. o Lay Investiture-Emperors
and Kings wanted to name their own bishops and cardinals while the Pope wanted that control.
Pope Gregory VII •Extremely powerful Pope.
•He wanted to make the Church independent from all secular rulers.
•He said it was the Pope’s job to appoint members of the Church. (bishops and cardinals)
Henry IV vs. Pope Gregory VII
•Henry IV, ruler of the Holy Roman Empire believed that he had the right to appoint bishops. (lay investiture). •He argued with the Pope over this right. •Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV.
vs.
Henry IV repents
•Since Henry was excommunicated he was forced to give up his throne. •He did not want this so he repented to the Pope. •The Pope forgave him. •However, several years later Henry led an army into Rome and forced the Pope into exile.
Compromise- Treaty of Worms
•After 50 years both sides compromised.
•The Pope was given authority to appoint Bishops but they were not given positions in the government. •Separation of Church and State.
124. Explain how Pope Innocent III represented
the power of the Catholic Church. •He claimed papal
supremacy. •He excommunicated King John in England and Philip II in France and placed the interdict on their countries. •He was the most powerful Pope in history. •Church power declined after Pope Innocent III died.
Top Related