The history of Educational Technology
Benedetti LudmilaNappi Daiana
• Software
• Hardware
• Internet applications
• Activities.
The study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using and managing appropriate technological processes and resources.
It includes, but is not limited to:
History of Educational TechnologyThe first ones to manage instructional media were school museums.
Their purpose was to collect and loan:
• portable museum exhibits
• films
• photographs
• charts
• stereographic slides, etc
Some of the reasons :
First decade of XX century: silent films for instructional use.
They never reached the level of influence in schools that had been predicted.
• Teachers' lack of skill in using equipment and film
• The cost of films, equipment, and upkeep
• Inaccessibility of equipment when it was needed
• The time involved in finding the right film for each class
Films
Radio
• Schools
• Colleges
• Commercial stations
• Departments of education
1920 : commercial and educational stations
Soon, radio programming provided by:
Efforts to promote radio instruction in schools were abandoned when television became available.
Television1950s and the 1960s: Instructional television was the focus of attention. Because:
• There were 242 television channels for educational purposes
• The Ford Foundation’s investment (more than $170 million) in educational television.
→ rapid development of educational television stations→ Aim: To provide instructional programs to school system in their viewing area.
1970s: much of the enthusiasm: exhausted
ComputersThe earliest work (1950 and 1960) had little impact on schools1980s → microcomputers → Educators and public officials became enthusiastic
1983 → 40% of elementary schools and 75% of secondary schools (US)
However → Students had only limited access to computers
Technologies used in traditional classrooms
Computer in the classroomClass websiteClass blogs and wikisWireless classroom microphonesMobile devicesSmartBoardsOnline mediaDigital gamesPodcasts
Benefits
Easy-to-access course materials
Student motivation
Wide participation
Improved student writing
Subjects made easier to learn
Differentiated instruction
DrawbacksLack of proper training
Limited access to sufficient quantities of a technologyExtra time required
→ Tecnhology is the means, not the goal
→ Teachers also need an alternative lesson
Bibliography
Wikipedia (Revised on April, 19th, 2011), “Educational technology” [online]. Retrieved on April, 19th, 2011 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_technology
“School Technology in Education” [online]. Retrieved on April, 12th, 2011 from http://www.answers.com/topic/school-technology-in-education
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