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Overproduction and a drop in Overproduction and a drop in foreign demand led to trouble foreign demand led to trouble in this “growing” industry in in this “growing” industry in
the 1920s.the 1920s.
• Agriculture
Angry homeless people Angry homeless people referred to their shantytowns referred to their shantytowns
by this term.by this term.
• Hoovervilles
What was Roosevelt’s main What was Roosevelt’s main reason for rejecting the idea reason for rejecting the idea of federal aid to individuals?of federal aid to individuals?
• Nothing! Hoover objected to it, but FDR did not.
Name three specific details Name three specific details about the New Deal given by about the New Deal given by FDR in the 1932 campaign.FDR in the 1932 campaign.
• There• Were• None
For what reason was the For what reason was the Bonus Army protesting?Bonus Army protesting?
• Payment of bonuses promised to them as veterans of WWI
This labor organization formed This labor organization formed during the 1930’s in response to a during the 1930’s in response to a desire by workers to form industry-desire by workers to form industry-
wide unions.wide unions.
• Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO)
In order of implementation, In order of implementation, what are the three “R’s” of what are the three “R’s” of
the New Deal?the New Deal?
• Relief• Recovery• Reform
A key objective of the National A key objective of the National Recovery Administration was to Recovery Administration was to
develop codes of fair competition develop codes of fair competition in business. What congressional in business. What congressional
act created the NRA?act created the NRA?
• National Industrial Recovery Act
Which Supreme Court case Which Supreme Court case ruled the NIRA (NRA) ruled the NIRA (NRA)
unconstitutional because it unconstitutional because it regulated intrastate regulated intrastate
commerce?commerce?
• Schechter v. U.S.
This act provided for This act provided for collective bargaining for collective bargaining for
labor.labor.
• National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act)
Under this program, Under this program, farmers were paid to farmers were paid to
destroy crops and destroy crops and livestock to increase farm livestock to increase farm
prices.prices.
• Agricultural Adjustment Act
What term was given to What term was given to FDR’s attempt to “reform” FDR’s attempt to “reform”
the Supreme Court?the Supreme Court?
• Court Packing
Although he did not fully Although he did not fully embrace the economic embrace the economic
philosophy of this man, FDR did philosophy of this man, FDR did reluctantly adopt his concept of reluctantly adopt his concept of
deficit spending.deficit spending.
• John Maynard Keynes
This Louisiana political boss This Louisiana political boss wanted to “soak the rich” and wanted to “soak the rich” and
make “every man a king.”make “every man a king.”
•Huey Long
Which two New Deal Which two New Deal programs were ruled programs were ruled
unconstitutional?unconstitutional?
• NIRA (the NRA portion)• AAA
What action by FDR would have What action by FDR would have most troubled the Founding most troubled the Founding Fathers on legal grounds?Fathers on legal grounds?
• Attempting to pack the court to better serve his needs
Against which country was the Stimson Doctrine aimed?
Japan– For its aggressive expansion in Asia during 1931-32
Isolationists in America became concerned with FDR’s motives after he gave a speech calling for the containment of aggressor nations. What was this speech known as?
The “Quarantine Speech”
According to the Neutrality Acts of 1935-37, when would the U.S. transport goods to belligerent nations?
Never, because countries purchasing goods did so on a cash and carry basis.– This protected U.S. shipping but also conceded freedom
to the seas during wartime.
What did the U.S. and Britain exchange in a September 1940 executive agreement?
Surplus U.S. destroyers for British airfields and naval bases in the Western Hemisphere
What was the name of the official order that placed Japanese-Americans in internment camps?
Executive Order 9066– This was the only major violation of
civil rights during the war.
Kamikaze pilots and fanatical defenders were the hallmarks of the struggle for this last major island before the Japanese home islands.
Okinawa
When the U.S. finally entered the war, who was to be eliminated first according to official allied strategy?
The Germans
Where did the American forces strike first in an attempt to satisfy Stalin’s call for the opening of a second front?
North Africa
Harry Truman replaced the ultra-liberal Henry Wallace as the Democratic vice-presidential candidate in this election year.
1944
Robert Oppenheimer was the scientist in charge of a secret program to develop the atomic bomb. What was the code name of the project?The Manhattan Project
This was the most controversial of all of the wartime conferences. Critics charged that FDR gave too much to Stalin to convince him to join the war against Japan.Yalta
– secret agreements included extra representation in a postwar UN and spheres of influence in Asia• Including occupation zone in Korea
In which battle did the Japanese lose 4 aircraft carriers, turning the sea war in favor of the U.S. for the first time?
The Battle of Midway
This was the chief complaint by those who were critical of Truman’s decision to use the Atomic Bomb.
Japan would soon have surrendered without using the bomb
Where was the first non-test atomic bomb dropped and on what date?
Hiroshima, JapanAugust 6, 1945
– First shot of the Cold War?
This battle was the first in history to be fought entirely by carrier-based aircraft. It was an early defeat for the Japanese.
Battle of the Coral Sea– paves way for 1st offensive action at
Guadalcanal
Who was the commander of U.S. ground troops in the Pacific theater of war?
General Douglas MacArthur
This presidential policy stated that This presidential policy stated that the U.S. would halt the spread of the U.S. would halt the spread of
communism anywhere in the communism anywhere in the world. It was prompted by events world. It was prompted by events
in Turkey and Greece.in Turkey and Greece.
• The Truman DoctrineThe Truman Doctrine
The bone of contention The bone of contention between the U.S. and between the U.S. and
U.S.S.R. during the Truman U.S.S.R. during the Truman years was the future of this years was the future of this
region.region.
• Eastern EuropeEastern Europe
16 European countries 16 European countries accepted aid as a part of this accepted aid as a part of this
U.S. sponsored plan to relieve U.S. sponsored plan to relieve postwar suffering in Europe.postwar suffering in Europe.
• The Marshall Plan (1947)The Marshall Plan (1947)– U.S. aid would serve to halt the spread U.S. aid would serve to halt the spread
of communismof communism
What incident in Europe What incident in Europe convinced the U.S. Congress convinced the U.S. Congress to approve the Marshall Plan?to approve the Marshall Plan?
• The Soviet take-over of The Soviet take-over of Czechoslovakia (1948)Czechoslovakia (1948)
War in this country was an War in this country was an expression of the U.S. policy of expression of the U.S. policy of
containment against communism. containment against communism. This limited “police action” ended This limited “police action” ended
in a stalemate.in a stalemate.
• KoreaKorea
He was the reckless anti-He was the reckless anti-communist crusader whose communist crusader whose
accusations ruined many accusations ruined many lives.lives.
• Senator Joseph McCarthy (R-WI)Senator Joseph McCarthy (R-WI)
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