The Civil War 1861-1865

Fort Sumter First Shots were

fired at Fort Sumter in South Carolina starting the Civil War in 1861

The Union The Northern

states were known as the Union, the president for the North was Abraham Lincoln

The Confederacy The southern

states were known as the Confederacy: Jefferson Davis was the president

Compare and Contrast Union Military

ConfederateMilitary

Strengths Give at least 3 strengths Give at least 3 strengths

Weaknesses Give at least 3 weaknesses

Give at least 3 weaknesses

Advantages/Disadvantages of the North Advantages: larger population, more

money, more industry, more railroads

Disadvantages: lack of strong military leadership, fighting in unfamiliar territory

Advantages/Disadvantages of the South Advantages: strong military leadership,

familiar with the land, motivation to defend their land, homes, way of life.

Disadvantages: lack of industry, lack of railways, lack of military and food supplies

Monitor and the Merrimac Two ironclad ships,

fought to a standstill and signaled the end of wooden warships

Artillery

ArtilleryMore powerful weapons

led to a high death toll

An estimated 700,000 people lost their lives during the Civil War

Battle of Bull Run The first major land

battle of the Civil War, near Manassas, Virginia is a decisive Confederate victory, ending hopes of a quick end to the conflict.

The Battle of Antietam Was the bloodiest

day of the war in 1862

Was a victory for the

Union

The Battle of Antietam-Casualties

Casualties

Women support the War Supported home life

and ran farms and business while the men were away

Women began working as nurses, teachers, messengers, spies, and smugglers

CLARA BARTON-FOUNDER OF THE AMERICAN RED CROSS

Hospital Tents

Medical Care Surgeries were

performed without anesthetics

Thousands of soldiers died of disease and infection

AMPUTATION-CUTTING OFF ONE’S LIMB

Emancipation Proclamation On January 1, 1863,

President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation

This declared all slaves in Confederate states to be free

The confederate states ignored the document

The Battle of Gettysburg-Union Victory Union and

Confederate troops met on July 1, 1863 in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

17,500 Union soldiers killed

23,000 Confederate soldiers killed

Was a 3 day battle

Gettysburg Cemetery in Pennsylvania

The thousands who died at Gettysburg were buried in a new cemetery overlooking the battlefield

Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address The country should

have a new birth of freedom. The government “of the people, by the people, and for the people shall be preserved”

Vicksburg: A Besieged City

General Ulysses S. Grant takes over as Union military commander

Robert E. Lee was the commander of the Confederacy

Battle of Vicksburg The Union gets control

of the Mississippi River and another victory

The South begins to suffer due to the Union blockade of the Mississippi

Massachusetts 54th Regiment African American

soldiers demonstrated their courage during their attack on Ft. Wagner.

With poor training and equipment, they lost half of their men and lost the battle

William Carney African American

soldier in the 54th Massachusetts Regiment, and first African American to receive the medal of honor

Appomattox: The South Surrenders On April 9, 1865 General

Robert E. Lee surrenders to General Ulysses S. Grant

Grant’s terms of surrender were generous: Confederate soldiers were to go home, keep their weapons, and were given food

13th amendment Abolishes slavery

14th amendment granted citizenship to

“all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” which included former slaves recently freed

15th amendment Gave African

American men the right to vote

Lincoln’s Assassination 5 days after the Civil

War was over, President Lincoln was assassinated on April 14, 1865 by John Wilkes Booth

Ku Klux Klan After the war,

throughout the south, whites formed secret societies to drive African Americans out of political life.