ZZK/CLAB-KSPCB/04/ 530325-09-2017
Environmental Officer, Speed Post with ADKarnataka State Pollution Control Board,Regional Office, “Parisara Bhavan”,LIG-11b – 217, Near Hari Om Trust,Habbuwada - KARWAR.
Dear Sir,
Sub: Environmental Audit statement for the year ending 31st March, 2017.
We are forwarding here with the Environmental Audit statement of our mills in prescribed format –“Form V” along with relevant annexure for the financial year ending 31st March, 2017.
We trust you will find the same in order.
Thanking You,
Very truly yours,For, WEST COAST PAPER MILLS LTD
B H RathiPresident (Technical)
Encl: As above
Cc: Member Secretary,Karnataka State Pollution Control Board,49, Parisara Bhavan,4th & 5th floor,Church Street,Bangalore - 560 001.
ANNEXURE
ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT FORM-V(See rule 14)
Environmental Statement for the financial year ending with 31st March -2017
PART-A
1. Name and address of the owner/occupier of the industry /operation or process.
Shri Rajendra Jain,Executive Director,The West Coast Paper Mills Ltd., Bangur nagar, Dandeli.
2. Industry category Primary-(STC Code) Secondary- (STC Code)
-
3. Production category Units. 3,20,000 MT/A
4. Year of establishment 1955
5. Date of the last environmental statement submitted.
20-09-2016
PART -BWater and Raw Material Consumption
2015-2016 2016-2017
(I) Water consumption, m3/d
Process 33,348 25,762
Cooling 36,141 32,803
Domestic 7,063 2,197
Products Process water consumption per unit of productsDuring the previous financial year During the current financial year
2015-2016 2016-2017
Paper & Paper boards 87 79
(II) Raw material consumption:Name of Raw materials Name of product Consumption of raw material per unit of
output
2015-2016 2016-2017
Attached as ANNEXURE –I
PART-CPollution discharged to environment/unit of output
(Parameter as specified in the Consent issued)Pollutants Quantity of Pollutants
discharged(Mass/day)
Concentration of Pollutants discharged
(Mass/volume)
Percentages of variation from prescribed standards
with reasons
(a) Water Attached as ANNEXURE -II
(b) Air Attached as ANNEXURE -III
PART-DHAZARDOUS WASTES:(As specified under Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling & Transboundary Movements Rules, 2008 as amended 2010).
Hazardous WastesTotal Quantity (Kg)
2015-2016 2016-20171. From process
PLEASE REFER ANNEXURE – IV.2. From Pollution control facilities
PART ESOLID WASTES:
SOLID WASTESTotal Quantity (Kg)
2015-2016 2016-2017
1. From Process.
PLEASE REFER ANNEXURE – V2. From Pollution control facilities.
3. Quantity recycled or re- utilised within the unit.
PART FPlease specify the characteristics (in terms of concentration and quantum) of hazardous as well as solid wastes and indicate disposal practice adopted for both these categories of wastes.
PLEASE REFER ANNEXURE – VI
PART-GImpact of the pollution control measures taken on conservation of natural resources and consequently on the cost of production.
PLEASE REFER ANNEXURE – VII
PART HAdditional measures/investment proposal for environmental protection including abatement of pollution.
PLEASE REFER ANNEXURE VIII & VIII A
PART IAny other particulars in respect of environmental protection and abatement of pollution.
Date : 22-09-2017
Signature :
Designation : President (Tech)
Address : West Coast Paper Mills Ltd., Bangur Nagar, Dandeli- 581325
Annexure-1
2015-16 2016-171 RAW MATERIAL Qty /Month Qty /Month
Paper Production MT : 25,580 26,109A) Writing and Printing MT : 21,017 21,748B) Duplex Board. MT : 4,563 4,361
Pulp Production 19,118 19,339LIST OF RAW MATERIALS
2015-16 2016-17Qty /Month Qty /Month
I A) Pulp manufacture 67,979 74,476B) Pulp manufacture - -C) Paper making 292 811D) Paper making 1,541 1,319E) Paper making -
II
1 Caustic Soda,*** MTCooking chemicals & for bleaching of pulp
611 716
2 Salt Cake, MT Make up chemical 432 468
3 Burnt lime, MTFor preparation of white liquor from green liquor & for bleach liquor preparation.
7,257 8,058
4 Chlorine,*** MT ClO2 preparation 218 199
5 Alum / PAC MT Sizing of paper 668 422
7 Rosin, MT Sizing of paper 64 55
8 Talcum Powder / PCC / GCC MT Filler 4,071 4,052
9 Soda ash, MT For preserving pulp properties.
2 2
10 Sulphamic acid,*** MT Sizing of paper 2 4
11 Sulphuric acid, MT Paper/Pulp Chem 281 363
12 Hydrochloric acid, MT Additive for paper making 288 314
13 Starch, MT Additive for paper making 861 878
14 Hydrogen Peroxide MT Bleaching* 254 319
15 Glue MT Additive for paper making 0.2 0.5
16 Sodium Sulphite MT Sizing of paper 0.3 0.3
17 Common Salt MT Additive for paper making 23 19
18 Optical Whitening agent MT Additive for paper making 115 114
19 Dyes MT Additive for paper making 5 4
III FUEL CONSUMPTION ,1 Coal tonnes , MT - 26,547 25,219
2 Furnace oil./LSHS KL , KLUsed in RLK, Chemical boiler (starting), Burning lime sludge
75 85
WEST COAST PAPER MILLS LIMITED, DANDELI.CENTRAL LABORATORY
Raw material Consumption
Sl No Raw material Principle
WoodBambooImported PulpWaste PaperIndigenous Pulp
MAJOR CHEMICALS & DYES CONSUMED.
Sl.No. Percentage Variation Quantity Pollutant Quantity from prescribed
concentration std. With reason.kgs/d. kgs/d
1 Flow, m3/day 85,885 - 63,812 -2 Colour & Odour All efforts to remove colour & - Light Brown and -
odour as far as practicable odourless3 Suspended solids mg/l 50 [max] 4,294 33 2,106 -514 Particle size of suspended solids - <850 -
5 Dissolved solids [inorganics] mg/l 2,100 [max] 180,359 602 38,415 -796 Temperature °C Shall not exceed 40° in any section - 33 -
ofthe stream within 15 Mts. downstream from the effluent outlet
7 pH value 7.0 to 8.5 - 7.3 -8 Oil & Greese mg/l 10 [max] 859 Nil Nil9 Total residual Chlorine mg/l 1.0 [max] 86 Nil Nil10 Ammonical Nitrogen [as N] mg/l 50.0 [max] 4,294 Nil Nil11 Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen [as N] mg/l 100 [max] 8,589 1.1 70 -99
12 Free Ammonia [ as NH3] mg/l 5.0 [max] 429 Nil Nil
13 BOD5 at 20°C mg/l 30.0 [max] 2,577 17 1,085 -58
14 COD mg/l 250.0 [max] 21,471 121 7,721 -6415 Cadmium [as Cd] mg/l 2.0 [max] 172 - -16 Chloride [as Cl] mg/l 350 [max] 30,060 148 9,444 -6917 Dissolved Phosphate [as P] mg/l 5.0 [max] 429 Nil -
18 Sulphate [as SO4] mg/l 1,000 [max] 85,885 56 3,573 -96
19 Sulphide [as S] mg/l 2.0 [max] 172 Nil Nil
20 Phenolic compound [as C6H5OH] mg/l 1.0 [max] 86 Nil Nil
21 Bio assay Not less than 90% of the test animal - - -shall survive in 96 hrs test. The testshall be conducted as per IS 6582.
22 AOX kg/T 1 [max] 850 0.153 134 -84
(as specified in consent issued) Tollerence Limitof pollutants
concentration.
Shall pass through 850 micronsIS sieve
STATEMENT OF POLLUTION DISCHARGED TO ENVIRONMENT - WATER (2016-2017)ANNEXURE - II
Pollutants Stipulated Std. (as specified in consent) Pollutants discharged
% Variation
Tollerence Tollerence Tollerence
Limits Limits Limits
1 Chemical Rec. Boiler-I SPM 3,000,000 2,389,800 150 53 450 127 -72
H2S - - 10 1.0 30 2.5 -91.7
2 Chemical Rec. Boiler-II SPM 5,417,280 3,327,324 150 54 813 180 -78
H2S - - 10 1.0 54 3.5 -93.6
3 Rotary Lime Kiln -I SPM 480,000 139,010 150 10 72 1 -98
4 Rotary Lime Kiln -II SPM 950,400 183,180 150 13 143 2 -98
5 F.B.C. boiler -I SPM 2,208,000 Shut 150 Shut 331 Shut -
6 F.B.C. boiler -II SPM 2,973,888 1,635,864 150 55 446 90 -80
7 F.B.C. boiler -III SPM 3,323,520 2,705,972 150 36 499 97 -80
8 F.B.C. boiler -IV SPM 3,458,592 2,590,478 150 50 519 130 -75
Achieved Achieved from Prescribed Std.
Part CSTATEMENT OF POLLUTION DISCHARGED TO ENVIRONMENT -AIR FROM
APRIL 2016-MARCH 2017Annexure -III
Sl.N
o.
Stack
Pollu
tant
s Rate of Discharge,
Nm3/d
Pollutants Concentration,
mg/Nm3SPM Quantity,
kgs/D
Achieved
Part - D ANNEXURE - IV
SL.NO
DESCRIPTION OF SOLID WASTE
Qty KL 2015-16
DISPOSAL PRACTICE.
1 Lubricating Waste Oil 20.000
Taken by the Party having necessary approval from KSPCB, Bangalore,for reprocessing.
2 Waste Oil Sludge Nil -
WEST COAST PAPER MILLS LIMITED, DANDELI.
The Hazardous waste generation & disposal method is given hereunder:
Particulars
Total Quantity generated,
MT/Annum
Quantity Recycled
MT/Annum
Quantity Sold,
MT/Annum
Quantity filling in abondoned
quaries
MT/Annum
Total Quantity generated,
MT/Annum
Quantity Recycled
MT/Annum
Quantity Sold,
MT/Annum
Quantity filling in abondoned
quaries
MT/Annum
A From Process
1 Saw Dust 10,068 5,068 9,421 - 10,790 3,194 7,596 -
2 Lime Sludge 138,368 138,368 - - 154,595 154,595 - -
3 Lime Grits containing Classifiergrits
1,642 1,397 - 245 1,776 1,776 - -
4 Dregs 1,345 1,345 - - 4,027 4,027 - -
B From Pollution Control Facility
1 Dust from CRP boiler 45,224 45,224 - - 34,093 34,093 - -
2 Ash from Power House 74,445 - 74,445 - 81,538 - 81,538 -
3 Sludge from P.Mill ETP 281 281 - - 264 - 264 -
4 Sludge from P.M/c ETP 8,953 - 8,953 - 7,819 - 7,819 -
Part -EAnnexure - V
SOLID WASTE
Sl. No. 2015-2016 2016-2017
Part - F ANNEXURE - VI
The solid waste & hazardous waste quantity per day & disposal methods given here under:SL.NO
DESCRIPTION OF SOLID WASTE
Qty MT./d
2016-17
Characteristics DISPOSAL PRACTICE.
1 Saw dust 30 - 35 Dry wood dust Used in Boilers as well as sold to external parties for secondary use
2 Lime sludge 400 - 450 Silica, 1.5%, CaCO3, 95%, CaO, 1% - 2% and Na2O, about 1%.
Recycled in RLK.
3 Lime Grits containing Classifiergrits & Dregs of green liquor
10-15 Silica, 25-30%, CaCO3, 60%, CaO, 1% - 2% and Na2O, about 1%.
Burnt in boilers
4 Dregs 10-12 Silica, 5-12%, CaCO3, 40%, CaO, 1% - 2% and Na2O, about 1%.
Recycled
5 Dust from ESP of Chemical Recovery Boilers
90-100 Na2SO4, 70% Na2CO3 15%, NaCl 14%
Recycled
6 Ash from Power House.
200-220 Silica, Al2O3, Fe2O3 etc. 1. Eco ash along with fly ash sold to bricks manufacturers.2. Fly ash is supplied to cement and bricks manufacturers.
7 Sludge from effluent treatment plant [P.Mill]
0.5 - 1.0 Fibres, 85%Ash, 15%.
Being sold to Board /egg tray manufacturer.
8 Sludge from effluent treatment plant [P.M/c]
20 - 25 Fibres, 55%Ash, 45%.
Being sold to Board /egg tray manufacturer.
9 Generated garbage of colony
4 - 5 Kitchen waste. Being converted in to manure & used in plantation areas.
10 Lubricating Waste Oil
0.04 - 0.06KL
- Sold to KSPCB approved party.
11 Waste Oil Sludge Nil - -
WEST COAST PAPER MILLS LIMITED, DANDELI.
Impact of Pollution Control Measures on conservation of natural resources and
consequently the cost of production. Rs Lakhs Rs /T of paper
I Two Rotary Lime Kilns works to reburn the lime sludge and reuse the lime in process
there by eliminating the land pollution problem caused in the disposal of lime sludge. This 4,915 1,601
has also reduced the demand of Lime stone / Sea shell by around 1,37,203 MT
II To recover the cooking chemicals from the spent liquor, recovery Boilers (2 nos) are in
use. The recovered cooking chemicals are re-used in the process for pulping purpose. The
Recovery Boiler efficiently utilises the heat generated during the combustion of 14,630 4,669
spent liquor in to steam and minimises the environmental pollution problem. The Steam
generation from the Chemical Recovery Boiler in the Year 2015-16 was 14,09,004 MT
which has reduced the Coal demand by 3,03,665 MT
III The ESP provided to CRP boilers collect particulate matter from emission consisting of
Sodium Sulphate & Sodium Carbonate, which are used as make up chemical. The quantity 2,104 672
of ESP dust so collected corresponds to 45,224 MT .
IV Installation of FFE has reduced steam requirement by approximately 25,230 T/month
equivalent to 5,867 MT/Month of Coal. 3,621 1,156
V We are using the chipper dust as a fuel in boilers to be eco friendly. This in turn is
equivalent to 3,905 MT of Coal. 265 84
VI We are manufacturing Precipitated Calcium Carbonate for use in paper manufacturing
in place of high brightness Talcum powder. While manufacturing we are taking the flue gas
of Rotary Lime Kilns thus avoiding GHG emissions like CO2.
PART - GANNEXURE - VII
Savings for 2016-17
14,776 MT CO2 used to manufacture 33,603 MT
of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate
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1. INTRODUCTION:
Forestry in India is a significant rural industry and a major environmental resource. India is one of
the ten most forest-rich countries of the world along with the Russian Federation, Brazil, Canada, United
States of America, China, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Australia, Indonesia and Sudan. Together,
India and these countries account for 67 percent of total forest area of the world.[1] India's forest cover
grew at 0.22% annually over 1990-2000,[2] and has grown at the rate of 0.46% per year over 2000-
2010,[2] after decades where forest degradation was a matter of serious concern.[3]
The 2013 Forest Survey of India states its forest cover increased to 69.8 million hectares by 2012,
per satellite measurements; this represents an increase of 5,871 square kilometers of forest cover in 2
years.[4]However, the gains were primarily in northern, central and southern Indian states, while
northeastern states witnessed a net loss in forest cover over 2010 to 2012.
Our country has 100 million (mn) hectares (ha) of wasteland and 32 mn ha of degraded
forestlands. It offers a great opportunity for sustainable development through appropriate land use
policies and technology based plantations. To transform the wastelands into productive assets, time
bound action is required to halt further degradation and speed-up reclamation and restoration lest these
lands should degrade to the point of no return. Technology based plantations on suitable parts of these
lands can meet our country’s growing fuel-wood and industrial wood requirements and simultaneously
contribute to greening of India and conservation of bio-diversity rich natural forests.
The role of forests in the national economy and in ecology was further emphasized in the 1988
National Forest Policy, which focused on ensuring environmental stability, restoring the ecological
balance, and preserving the remaining forests. Other objectives of the policy were meeting the need for
fuelwood, fodder, and small timber for rural and tribal people while recognizing the need to actively
involve local people in the management of forest resources. Also in 1988, the Forest Conservation Act of
1980 was amended to facilitate stricter conservation measures. A new target was to increase the forest
cover to 33% of India's land area from the then-official estimate of 23%.
Recognizing the importance of Forests, the Eleventh Finance Commission had recommended
implementation of scientific work plans for management of forests. The Twelfth Finance Commission
recognized that the entire nation has responsibility to maintain the forests as a national wealth, and
recommended a grant of 1000 Crore spread over the period 2005-2010 over and above regular
allocations for maintenance of forests. While the National Forest Commission has recommended
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allocation of 2.5% of national budget to the forestry sector, the planning Commission in the 11th Plan Mid
Term Evaluation also recommended “increasing the allocation of at least 5% of annual state and central
sector outlay to the forestry sector preferably by 12th Plan”.
The estimated annual production of wood from forests in India is 3.17 million cum. Contribution of
wood supplies from trees outside forests, comprising largely of agroforestry plantations, is many times
larger with potential production of wood estimated at 42.77 million cum per year.
In India, almost the entire 76 mn ha recorded forest area is owned and managed by the State
Governments. Nearly, 32 mn ha of forest area has less than 40% crown density. [5]. The forests are
poorly stocked, with average growing stock estimated at 61.5 m3/ha. This is because the forests are
under intense biotic pressure leading to degradation of forest resources. This resulted into a situation that
the per capita forestland available in the country at 0.08 ha, down from 0.2 ha in 1951 is one of the
lowest in the world with the world average being around 0.64 ha. To improve the per capita availability of
forests and for environmental and economic reasons, it is therefore, necessary to regenerate the forests
and productivity enhancement.
Current estimate shows that about 65% of the country’s timber requirement is met from the tree
on farms. Agroforestry also generates significant opportunities. Recent development of National
Agroforestry Policy-2014 is major breakthrough in this line. The National Agroforestry Policy is a path-
breaker in making agroforestry an instrument for transforming lives of rural farming population, protecting
ecosystem and ensuring food security through sustainable means. Among others, the policy will
encourage farmers to practice agroforestry, enormously boost wood industry, and also help in biodiversity
conservation. [6]. Trees outside forests play a very important role in catering to the day-to-day need of
the rural population and hence, assessment of this valuable resource based on the reliable data is the
need of hour.
MoEF report on “ India State of Forest, 2009” has indicated that unsustainable withdrawals of fuel
wood, timber and fodder from forest areas is causing degradation of forests in India as gap in demand &
supply of fuel wood alone is about 86 million tones, Two million ha of forest areas are subjected to
shifting cultivation, annual diversion of forests under FCA 1980 is about 25000 ha per annum besides
honey-combing of forests due to encroachments and recognition of forest dwellers rights on the principle
of ‘As is where is basis.’
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It is the appropriate moment to consider direct involvement of other key stakeholders in this
crucial area. Based on trust and reciprocity, the West Coast Paper Mills Ltd. invested in resources,
expertise and attention in promotion of the forest resource development. In view of this, Company has
come out with an innovative project for utilizing the degraded land available with the farming community.
To meet the demand of Raw Material i.e. Wood from the available sources always remained a big
challenge for paper industries since the last two decades. For a sustainable supply of raw material in
future, major plantation activities i.e. Social and Farm forestry were undertaken by the company. The
Company has envisaged an afforestation project within a radius of 250 Kms. of Dandeli, wherein all the
Statutes are taken care of and there is a win-win situation for the Company and community including
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes people. Providing of lands for cultivation of pulpwood is without
any transfer of title of the lands.
The Company has developed and demonstrated a technology wherein barren lands can be
effectively brought under economical forestation. The Company has already afforested over 2500 acres
of leased land where the productivity is around 40 MT per acre under rain fed conditions in five years
rotation. This became possible because of superior genetic material coupled with adequate scientific soil
management measures.
The Company has surveyed and identified the under-utilised / degraded / barren lands within the
targeted area. These lands have all the potential for organized & systematic cultivation of pulpwood
species, thereby
• Providing employment of nearly 460 man days / ha / yr to the local population in Nursery,
tending to saplings, planting, weeding, watch & ward etc. and in addition another 324 man days
/ ha at the time of harvesting.
• Providing lops & tops as fuel wood free of cost to the local people consequently reducing
pressure on naturally grown forest for fuel wood etc. In fact, the volume of such fuel wood
would eliminate the need to raise separate forests for this purpose.
• Providing free high protein fodder grown in the plantation area.
• Regenerating the ground water levels of these degraded wastelands.
• Preventing soil erosion.
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• Enhancing the productivity of these lands through plantation activities.
• Ensuring enrichment & sustainability of ecology, environment, flora & fauna.
• Earning precious carbon credits on account of Carbon sequested.
• Substituting import of pulp thereby saving huge foreign exchange.
• Ensuring perennial supply of quantity & quality of pulpwood to industry.
• Reducing the distance of raw material haulage to the Mills to 200 Kms resulting in conservation
of precious national resources.
2. Requirement and Availability of Raw Material:
No doubt that paper Industries always remained under pressure to fill the gap between demand and
supply since the last decades. It is also very true that to meet out the demand of raw material i.e. wood
from the available sources always remained a big challenge-for paper industries since the last many
years. For sustain supply of raw material in future and to maintain the sustainability, major plantations
activities were undertaken by paper industries.
Wood is the prime source for industries like Ply wood, Pole, Furniture and Pulp and Paper
industries. Mismatching in Demand and supply always remained a big concern of wood based
industries. This situation drastically observed during 2012-13 year where there was a short fall came in
availability of raw material. Recent expansion programmes by many paper mills have created this
situation where farmers were under pressure and had no option to cut the plantation prior maturity which
created a huge loss in crop and economic loss as well. Looking to that situation Industry like WCPM
started import of wood and woodchips through its OGL (Open General License) in 2013-14 and first
shipment received in June, 2013 at Marmagoa Port, Goa. Further, other industries like JK, ITC started
procurement of imported woodchips at their nearby Port from ASEAN countries on basis. WCPM is still
procuring the woodchips from ASEAN countries and meeting its 50-60% requirement from imported
woodchips. Such new initiatives taken by the industries would certainly be an impact on the raw material
availability. It shows that plantation is still a major requirement of every one especially by the paper
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industries which is under pressure to meet out their raw material requirement from the available
sources.
The requirement of the company is 9.0 Lac MT/annum and as per procurement planning 9.0
Lac/annum is likely to be received. Since 2013-14 to till date, Company has imported around 19.75 lacs
MT of wood chips of Eucalyptus spp. from South Africa and Brazil to ensure the sustained supply of raw
material for manufacturing of paper and paper products. Company is using around 40% of imported
woodchips and rest 60% will be procured from the domestic market. Further on improvement in
availability of pulpwood domestically, the import will be reduced drastically in future.
3. Contract for Farming Scheme:
This is a contract between two competent persons i.e. the Land owner and the Company for five
years. This contract is for raising pulpwood crops and purchase of the pulpwood so raised in the lands of
the landowner. Under this contract, ownership of the land and crop vests with the land owner with a
condition that he cannot sell the crop and/or land during the Contract period i.e. 5 years.
Under Contract for Farming Scheme, Company has covered around 20,000 ha of unproductive
agricultural land within a radius of 250 Kms. of Dandeli for raising of pulpwood plantation of trees such as
Eucalyptus, Casuarina, Acacia & Subabul for five years rotation with an expected yield of around 2.50
Lac MT of pulpwood per annum from the year 2011 onwards. The harvesting of First crop of year 2006-
2011 is almost completed and 2012 is in progress as per agreement period in almost all the sections
where the plantations are ready for harvesting and wood is directly coming to mills. It has no doubt that
the material is of uniform size and superior quality. To date, we have received to the tune of 0.26 million
MT of Pulpwood after harvesting of matured plantations. Thanks to overwhelming response of farmers
and their support to make it a grand success. Farmers were directly paid the amount against harvested
wood from Company. Further, Farmers have shown their keen interest for re-bonding of existing
plantation after harvesting of first rotation and the gain for next five years.
The Company has also taken up such hi-tech plantations on this degraded / fallow /barren/
unutilized agricultural lands through its Society i.e. SARA (Society For Afforestation, Research and Allied
Works) registered under Karnataka Society Act, 1960 since 2001. at its own cost and assures a minimum
yield of 20-25 MT per acre in a rotation of five years depending on the site quality and soil conditions.
Under this scheme farmers need not to invest anything directly or indirectly for growing pulpwood
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plantations on their lands and therefore, there is no burden of debt on them whatsoever. The Company
provides ready market for the harvested product at pre-determined price. The entire society gets
advantage of employment in their own locality and enjoys the hassle free earnings from their lands with
nil encumbrances. This would also be helpful to raise standard and capacity building.
The local farmers have actively co-operated with the Company and provided around 661 acres
of land for taking up such hi-tech plantation during 2006 rains in the Ramnagar area of Joida Taluka of
Uttara Kannada District as a pilot project with a total of around 2501 acres till 2015. Having been
encouraged and motivated by the success of this operating model in Ramnagar, the farmers / land
owners of remaining lands in Ramnagar and adjoining Khanapur Taluka under Belgaum District have
been offered over 10844 acres of their land under this project for plantation from 2007 to 2015 rains.
Additionally, around 36,500 acres area have already been identified & covered under plantations in
adjoining districts of Karnataka, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh. To date the total planted area under
the scheme is around 19929 hectares covering around 8200 farmers of 1900 villages. Further Farmers
have also offered second rotation crop to company on the predetermined price. The company has given
a 50% increment in price of pulpwood. Till date Company has covered around 2600 acres of area under
Coppice agreement scheme. All the plantations including Coppice plantations area is duly certified with
Forest Stewardship Council® –Forest Management Certification for “Well Managed Group Plantation”
since 2011.
4. Forest Stewardship Council® Certification to WCPM & SARA
The Company is also certified for FSC® CoC (Chain of Custody) and FSC-CW (Controlled Wood)
since 2010. It’s a matter of great importance that Company has been awarded again FSC® CoC (Chain of
Custody) and FSC®-CW (Controlled Wood) after completion of its first successful journey of 5 years. The
Certificate was renewed successfully by Certification body after meeting the required compliances of FSC
standards and principles by the company for another 5 years with a validity upto August 2020. The
Company is fully committed for procuring wood from its legal sources and developed its Controlled Wood
policy which is publicly available. According to Company Controlled Wood Policy framed in 2001,
Company is committed to procure raw-material from the known sources only: It is the policy of West
Coast Paper Mills Ltd., not to use the wood from following categories:
• Illegal Harvested wood.
• Wood harvested in violation of traditional or civil rights
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• Wood harvested in forests where high conservation values are threatened by Management
activities
• Wood Harvested from areas, which have been converted to plantations or non-forest use.
• Wood from forest in which genetically modified trees are planted.
This certificate would be helpful for Company for further supplement and would increase the
quantum of FSC® certified paper being floated in the niche markets.
The Company supported Society for Afforestation, Research & Allied works (SARA) has been
certified by Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) for “Well Managed Group Plantation Certification”
since 2011 for an area of 19929 hectares of plantations raised in Karnataka, Maharashtra and Andhra
Pradesh between 2000-2015. This area is already FSC-FM certified and will be enabling the Company to
perpetually source substantial quantity of FSC 100% wood through SARA.
SARA has conducted successfully 5th Surveillance cum Renewal audit during 29 November,
2016-02 December 2016 by the auditors appointed by SCS (Scientific Certification System, USA). Audit
team appreciated the efforts of SARA through its plantation activities for farmers and society also its
efforts for biodiversity conservation and agro forestry promotion. SARA has once again successfully
passed international standards for responsible Forest Management and left its mark as a pioneer in the
India forestry and plantation sectors. The certificate got renewal for another 5 years for its “Well
Managed Group Plantations” upto 2021.
5. Hi-tech Plantation in Leased Lands:
The Company has been holding around 2463 acres of leased land since 1960s in Kulwalli where
pulpwood plantations were taken up as per the prevailing scientific techniques from time to time. This
plantation got wide fame as Kulwvalli Plantation Model in Karnataka. However, since last 10 years
these lands have been put into research on site management for the development & propagation of
scientific high yielding, genetically superior clonal planting stocks as well as pulpwood. Also this area is a
best example of biodiversity conservation. The growth data of the entire plantations through samplings
were also assessed on annual basis in terms of total height in mt and girth in cm to estimate the total
wood volume. The data were also statistical analyzed for any deviation. The data showed over all
superiority in terms of total biomass. Such analysis would be helpful for the company as well as for the
farmer to adopt the best clones suited to a particular site having varied climatic conditions.
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6. Subsidized Distribution of Seedlings:
The Company is also actively engaged in social forestry program and has distributed around 2.25
millions quality seedlings and clonal plants of Casuarina junghuhniana from its Nurseries in Tamilnadu
during 2015-16 to farmers at highly subsidized cost to the farmers so that plantations are taken up by
them without any commitment for its supply to the company. However, this is bound to increase the
overall availability of raw material for the industry.
Under seedling distribution on subsidized rates to farmer, various satellite nurseries in Karnataka
and Maharashtra were established to increase the plantation coverage. It’s a matter of great importance
to add here that Company’s activity of raising seedlings in its various Nurseries for subsidized distribution
has been enhanced from the present 150 Lacs seedlings per annum to 250 Lacs seedlings per annum,
which will increase the availability of pulpwood to around 9.8 Lac MT per annum in the States of
Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala & Maharashtra. The Company is committed to always
procure 60% of the raw material requirement from the farmers and balance of 40% from captive
plantation.
The Company is also actively engaged in social forestry program and has distributed around 2.25
millions quality seedlings and clonal plants of Casuarina junghuhniana from its Nurseries in Tamilnadu
during 2015-16 to farmers at highly subsidized cost to the farmers so that plantations are taken up by
them without any commitment for its supply to the company. However, this is bound to increase the
overall availability of raw material for the industry.
7. Research and Development in Forestry:
Various R&D supported programmes were launched by the company on tree Improvement and
development of new superior clones. Company is continuously taking up research work on increasing the
productivity per unit area since the last two decades. Under its R&D programme 39 clones of Eucalyptus,
28 clones of Acacia hybrid and 6 clones of Subabul were successfully developed and established in field
for their performance. The field performance showed the overall superiority of the clones when compared
to their mother source and proved good planting material for commercial plantations. With these results
the productivity has gone up from 25 Cum/ha/annum to 32 to 35 Cum/ha/annum. Further research work
on development of high yielding and site specific clones of Eucalyptus, Acacia and Casuarina is in
progress. Apart from this, there is an increase in unbleached pulp yield from 46% to 52%. Such efforts
would surely reduce the land requirement for captive plantation and wood requirement. To know and
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assess the superiority of clonal planting material of Eucalyptus different clones mainly C-7, C-103, C-
316, C-413, C-2153 etc. were planted under simple block design using 1.5x3m distance and 8 clones
were used with control during 2014-15 in experimental area of Bangur Nagar Degree College. Further
data was collected in terms of height and girth. Data showed overall superiority of these clones when
compared to control i.e. Local clone. The average height after 2.5 years is 10-12 mt with an average
girth of 28-32 cm (Fig-1 A&B)
8. Propagation of Planting Stock:
As part of contract farming, Company is also actively engaged in producing quality superior
clones of Eucalyptus, Acacia, Casuarina and Subabul. It has set up an advanced clonal nursery with an
area of 3000 sq. m. and with five mist chambers. This clonal nursery produces 50-60 lacs of clonal
saplings which are transplanted to the farmers’ fields (Figure 2A). Simultaneously, Low Cost Mist
Chamber Technology was also adopted to propagate high yielding clonal planting stock of different
species. Specialized Nurseries were established to raise Eucalyptus pellita seedlings for high rainfall
area.
SARA and West Coast Paper Mills Limited have adopted vegetative means of propagating techniques for
Eucalyptus under its tree improvement program. The program aims to improve yield per unit area. As the
demand for raw materials drastically increases daily so does the need to meet high demand. It is thus
essential to grow superior clones of Eucalyptus on a large scale to increase bulk yield.[7]
9. Returns to farmers from plantation:
Farmers are being paid directly for the amount against the pulpwood received from his field on actual
basis. Being a felicitator SARA also being paid felicitation charges for the handling of pulpwood from
farmer’s field to Company. Yield from the plantation after 5 years showed better. Except those area
where the rain fall was very low i.e. 500-750 mm as compared to high rain fall areas where better yield
obtained. No doubt Farmers gained outsanding returns from his crop without investing any amount also it
would improve the health of soil. Further looking to the return from the first crop farmers offered the
plantation for second rotation crop which again would be beneficial for both farmers and SARA-WCPM as
a win-win situation as farmer will be getting the same return from coppice crop with early maturity period
of 4 years. This would also be helpful to the Industry to secure raw material in a sustainable manner with
the same spirit in future with reduction in cost on new plantation and its maintenance.
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10. Benefits to industry:
Amidst continuous mismatch between demand and supply for wood, SARA’s commitment to ensure the
steady supply of raw materials to West Coast Paper Mills Limited has resulted to over 0.26 million metric
tons of pulpwood from SARA-affiliated plantations.[6]. To date, plantations under SARA’s projects have
yielded an estimated 25-30 metric tons per acre at maturity after five-years. Further, overwhelming
response of farmers towards second rotation plantations after harvesting of first crop showed. It would
not be out of place to mention that the yield from the Coppice plantation is showing a very good sign in
terms of better yield within 4 years. Average yield from the coppice plantation is coming around the same
as in the first rotation. This would enable to industry to secure its raw material supply on a sustained
manner in future with low cost. Also it would be guarantee of crop success without any failure. It is
important that the 50-55% cost is only on land development. Looking to the recent ban imposed by
Karnataka Government on new Plantations of Eucalyptus and development of its nursery, such coppice
plantations would be helpful for industry and Government has no objection for harvesting of Coppice
plantations of Eucalyptus. In such condition where Eucalyptus is the best choice for farmers for their
lands which has no output and not suitable for other agriculture purpose, this ban will not be supported by
such marginal farmers for their livelihood.
11. Role of WCPM-SARA for Agro forestry Promotion and Development
In addition to providing quality planting materials of Eucalyptus, Subabul, Casuarina and Acacia to
the farmer-partners for contract farming, SARA also makes available the same quality planting materials
at a subsidized price to farmers who are practicing Agro forestry. Simultaneous with the distribution of
planting materials and providing technical assistance to guide the farmers on how to improve yield. These
initiatives are part of the Farm Forestry Program undertaken by the company.
Under the program, SARA guides the farmers on how to intercrop Eucalyptus with agricultural crops like
Maize, ground nut, Tomato and other crops (Fig-3A). Eucalyptus is recognized as a commercial crop in
India [8]. It is also widely cultivated at a large-scale on farm lands and waste land by the farmers of
Karnataka Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh. Eucalyptus is widely used as source of raw material for
pulp, boards and furniture and also used as fuel wood. Integrating Eucalyptus in the farm lands has
proven to be a big source of income to the farmers. In support of agro forestry farm establishment, SARA
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provides fodder to the livestock such as Stylosanthes scabra and S. hamata (Fig-3B). These are also
integrated in the agro forestry farms. In some areas, the farmers are earning extra income by
intercropping Maize, Cashew, Groundnut and Ginger.
12. Social, Environmental and Economical Contributions for Rural Community:
The initiatives of WCPM-SARA in contract farming, clonal propagation of pulpwood species,
pulpwood harvesting and agroforestry implementation not only provide numerous benefits to the paper
industry but also to the farmer and his family. Overall, these initiatives help conserve and enrich our
natural resources thereby reducing the pressure to source wood from natural forests. At the same time,
saline lands are rehabilitated, soil erosion is reduced and carbon is effectively sequestered from the
atmosphere.
To date, there is still a big gap between pulpwood demand and supply. These initiatives will help
increase available resources to meet pulpwood requirements of the paper industry and at the same time
open alternative options to secure raw materials in the future. Local employment will continue to thrive
where the plantations are located. About 460 person-days per hectare per year are spent on land
development, Nursery, transplanting, and plantation maintenance, while 324 person-days per hectare per
year are spent on harvesting, debarking and loading. Long-term income to the land owners is also
secured with WCPM-SARA’s contract farming project. To overcome the financial burden of small farmers
they can adopt agroforestry models which allow growing of intercrops along with the trees crops which
can fetch some immediate returns in the first two years.
Apart from the additional employment opportunity and economic activities that are being initiated
with the expansion of production capacity within the mills, the raw material augmentation activity itself
would further add various advantages to the local community.
CONCLUSION:
The Research Gardens / Clonal Orchards, Nurseries, Mist Chambers / Green Houses which are
being established within 10 Kms. radius of Dandeli would enhance direct and indirect employment
opportunity for the local community. The pulpwood plantations would itself emerge as a self-contained
agro-industrial activity having all the potential for providing high value opportunities similar to bio-tech and
large plantation estates. The development & maintenance of infrastructure and allied activities such as
transport etc. would boost the local economy. Thus, the raw material augmentation efforts itself have the
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potential to ignite a multifaceted economic cycle, which can arrest the present trend of decline in the
population of Dandeli.
Sustainability is not an option but imperative. Future development must be ecologically sound,
self-sustaining and equitable in its distribution of resources and opportunities. Forests and trees are
natural assets that provide a variety of benefits to the mankind. Rural people migrate to cities in the hope
of finding jobs and for improving their economy but most of them are forced to live in slums consequently,
triggering negative environment affecting health and livelihood of the urban population. The Rural
migration can be reduced by providing employment and income through greening of degraded areas,
diversification in agriculture and ensuring food accessibility under “Food for Work” scheme and
MNREGA.
For a sustained supply of raw material on regular basis plantations activities is a need of hour as
such there is a big scope for farmers as well as the industry to meet out their dependency and need for
survival. Certainly promoting major plantations programmes, the import ratio will certainly reduced and
the situation of available raw material will be good in domestic market in the coming year. To some extent
this situation is showing a good sign for paper industry looking to the present availability of raw material
during last year. To maintain such position there is an urgent need of promotion of Agroforestry and
commercial plantations by the Government and Industries for a better tomorrow. Further, such ban on
agriculture crop like Eucalyptus would discourage the plantations activities among the farm communities
as well as by the Paper industries that is totally dependent on plantations to meet their wood
requirement. It is humble request to State and Central Government to reconsider implementation of ban
effective from February, 2017 this year by Government of Karnataka in planting of Eucalyptus plantation
considering farmer’s welfare , livelihood and for the survival of wood based industries.
***
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Reference:
1. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010, FAO Forestry Paper 163, Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations (2011), ISBN 978-92-5-106654-6, 12-13
2. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010, FAO Forestry Paper 163, Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations (2011), ISBN 978-92-5-106654-6, 21
3. "Forests and the forestry sector: India". Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations.
2002.
4. State of Forest Report 2013 Ministry of Forests and Environment, Govt of India (2014)
5. Anon. (1998a). Criteria and Indicators for Sustainable Management of Natural Tropical Forests. ITTO Policy Development Series No 7, ITTO, Yokohama.
6. Anon (2014) National Agro forestry Policy, 2014. Government of India, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture, New Delhi, 1-14.
7. Sharma SK and Yadava MPS (2017) Major Plantations on Farmer’s Degraded Lands in Karnataka Supports Agro forestry Promotion and Development: Pioneer Efforts of SARA-WCPM in India. Forest Res Eng Int J 1(1): 00004. DOI: 10.15406/freij.2017.01.00004
8. Sharma SK and R.K. Chopra (2014) Agro forestry Initiatives for Capacity Building and Social Security through Captive Plantations on Degraded Lands of Farmers in State Karnataka, India. Jr Agri Sci Tech B (4): 816-822.
(Dr. S.K. Sharma) (S. Venugopal) (M.P.S. Yadava) Sr. Manager-Plantation GM-Raw Material GM-Plantation Dated: 27th September, 2017
Annexure - VIIIA
Eucalyptus Acacia Casaurina Subabul Others Total Eucalyptus Acacia Casaurina Subabul Total1996 5,850 3,490 1,485 240 379 11,444 987 8,445 - - 9,4321997 1,070 4,530 - 240 183 6,023 2,424 6,960 - - 9,3841998 - 2,600 - - 14 2,614 1,770 4,395 - - 6,1651999 - 1,802 50 302 32 2,186 2,315 27,007 975 - 30,2972000 - 4,667 - - - 4,667 116 13,694 - - 13,8102001 1,044 - - - - 1,044 15,794 6,301 104 - 22,1992002 - - - - - - 9,473 1,856 443 - 11,7722003 - - - - - - 8,462 2,444 135 4,632 15,6732004 - - - - - - 22,537 5,904 200 - 28,6412005 - - - - - - 63,887 3,817 - - 67,7042006 - - - - - - 36,939 1,252 420 - 38,6112007 - - - - - - - - - - -2008 - - - - - - - - - - -2009 - - - - - - - - - - -2010 - - - - - - - - - - -2011 - - - - - - - - - - -2012 - - - - - - - - - - -2013 - - - - - - - - - - -2014 - - - - - - - - - - -2015 - - - - - - - - - - -2016 - - - - - - - - - - -2017 - - - - - - - - - - -Total 7,964 17,089 1,535 782 608 27,978 164,704 82,075 2,277 4,632 253,688
Note: No plantation done in & around mill area from the year 2007 due to lack of area. The damaged/fallen / Removed trees are replaced by new one from time to time.
Plantation Acivities carried out inside and around factory area.
YearInside Factory Area (Numbers) Around Factory Area (Numbers)
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