Testing and treatments of Testing and treatments of seed paddyseed paddy
ContentContentIntroductionReason for seed paddy testing
Components and procedures in seed paddy testing
Seed paddy treatmentsSummary
Introduction Introduction
Four types of seed classes - Breeder seed - Foundation seed - Registered seed - Certified Seed
• Seeds Act is to regulate seed quality during production (seed certification ) and at distribution phases through sample testing.
How can we get certified How can we get certified seedsseeds Get the application
Verification of Seed Source and other requirements.
field inspections to prescribe standards
Seed sampling and testing
Grant of certificate and
certification tags, tagging and sealing. (345/= /sample –full test)
Seed paddy testing Seed paddy testing Technologies used to ensures the viability and
all the physical factors that regulate the germination and growth of the seed/ seeding
tests carried out by seed testing laboratories.
Seed paddy testing Seed paddy testing laboratories-laboratories-SrilankaSrilanka
• Government laboratories Gannoruwa Mahailluppallama
Leading first private Seed Testing Laboratory-CIC.
Activities - Receipt & Registration of samples - testing of samples - Reporting
Reason for seed paddy Reason for seed paddy testingtestingTo detect other crops seeds inert matter weed seedsTo assure the germinationTo maintain the genetic identity and
purityTo meet specified standards (final
seed lot)To provide quality certified seed
Benefits by testing of seed Benefits by testing of seed paddypaddy guarantee the superior quality
supplying the best seeds/planting material
help to improve the farmer income
Components in seed paddy Components in seed paddy testingtestingSampling of seedsGermination Test Seed Purity Test
- Other Distinguishable Varieties (ODV) - Troublesome weed seeds - Broken and Damaged seeds - inert Matter - Color, Smell and Appearance (CSA)
Moisture Test
Seed samplingSeed samplingTake equal portions from evenly distributed
seeds -automatic sampling device (before
conditioning) -long probe (after conditioning)
considerations-:take from well-distributed points in the bulkSufficient amounts from the bulkat least 10%of the number of bags in the
lot.
Germination TestingGermination Testing purpose of testing• to assess seed viability • to predict performance of the seed
and seedling in the field. • to obtain information about the
planting value of the seed sample • to decide the seed rate to achieve
desired field establishment.• to Seed certification purposes.
Procedure of germination Procedure of germination testingtesting
Take random samples(atleast-3)
Count 100 seeds from each sample
place on absorbent material inside the tray
Record the number of germinated seeds(10days)
Calculation number of seeds germinated Germination = *100 (%) number of seeds on tray
use seed germinatorsHigh germination percentage indicates -high vigor -good for field establishment
Seed lot puritySeed lot purityThe impurities measured to test the
purity of the seed batch - Other Distinguishable Varieties
(ODI) - Weed seeds - Inert matter.
- Broken and Damaged seeds -Color, Smell and Appearance
(CSA)
ProcedureProcedure Take random a sample of the seed(100gm)
Remove all of the weed and other crop seeds and the inert matter
weed
Damaged seed
Inert matter paddy
Weigh each component and calculate
%inert matter =Wgt of inert matter *100
Wgt of total sample
Varietal purity test Varietal purity test
1-Grain dimensions The grain size and shape
(length-width ratio) Comparing the length-width ratio
of the sample Significant deviation indicates that
the sample is impure
ProcedureProcedure
• Take random sample(20 grains) Use a Verniercaliper Measure the length,width Calculate length width ratioSCALE (Length)
1 -Extra long (>7.5mm)3 -Long (6.6-7.5mm)5 -Medium (5.51-6.6 mm)7 -Short (<5.5mm )
Con……Con……
Scale Shape Ratio 1 Slender > 3.0 3 Medium 2.1 -3.0 5 Bold 1.1 -2.0 9 Round <1.1
2- 2- 1000-grain weight.1000-grain weight.
• Each variety publish this way• If the sample departs from this, it may
be an indication that the sample contains a mixture of varieties.
ProcedureSelect a random sample from the
seed batch Count 1,000 whole grains from the
sample.Weigh the 1,000 grains.This is the 1,000-grain weight.
Moisture contentMoisture content
1) Drying oven method (primary method)
Set the oven at 130oC
Weigh 100-gram seed samples (3) Place samples inside the oven (16-24
hrs) Take final weight of each sample MC= initial weight - final weight *100 initial weight• take average over three samples
2)Electronic moisture meterTurn the moisture meter on(Ensure it is
set for paddy) Fill the bowl of the moisture tester with a
sample
press the knob until the reading is displayed
(Test at least three samples )(Take the average of the three)
Certified seed paddy quality-Certified seed paddy quality-SrilankaSrilanka
Germination - > 85%Other Distinguishable Varieties (ODV) - >
100/500gTroublesome Weed Seeds - < 5
seeds/500gMoisture - 13% MaximumColor /Smell/Appearance (CSA) – GoodBroken & damaged seeds - 100/500gInert matter - < 2%
Certified seed paddy bagCertified seed paddy bag
• Should print: - Association emblem /trademark - variety name -The percentage of germinating seed -net weight -Tags Breeder Seed White Tag Foundation Seed White Tag Registered Seed Light green
Tag Certified Seed Light blue Tag
Seed treatmentSeed treatmentTo prevent Seed born diseases
(Riceblast/bacterial wilt)To remove the empty seeds/half
fill seedsTreatments 1)Soaking: up to 24-48 hours in water. The germination will be facilitated
after soaking
Con….Con….2)Traditional method Soak the seeds(30 kg) in water for 18 hrs
transferred into a gunny bag bottom layered with 1 kg each of
`vadhanarayana' (Delonix elata) and `kuppaimeni' (Acalypha indica)
place cow dung cakes above the layer
filled(3/4 th of sack) with already soaked paddy seeds
cow dung cakes are placed over the seeds.
Final layer leaves of `above
plants
Tie the sack tightly and place stones above bag 24 hours.
Take sprouted seeds and sown for raising in paddy nursery
Advantages seedlings grow very fast resistant to red spot disease more number of grains after palnting
3)Egg floating treatment3)Egg floating treatment-put the egg in 1 liter water and itshould hit bottom settle horizontally then remove the egg from the water - add 200 grams of salt to the 1 liter of water.
-After salt dissolved put egg it should float
-Let the seeds sit in the solution for 15 minutes -After about 2 min (of 15 min), remove the hollow floating seeds -After the 15 min pour off andseparate the hard seeds, And rinse well
4)Disinfection of the seed: fungicide treatment applied before
seeding the seed for germination -Thiram75 WDP100g/100kg
seed -Captan 75 dust300g/100kg
dry dressing5)Acid treatment • soaking the seed in normal nitricacid
(HNO3 ,0.2%) for 24 hrs (after preheating at 50 °C).
Reduce dormancy
Summary Summary Seeds should undergo different
tests before the certification Seed treatments important to
over come the vigor less Pre germination test should
done before sowing in nursery/field
Top Related