WWW Tesla
Sunday, February 17, 13
Petar KocovicJuly 10, 2012
World With/Without Tesla
Inventions
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68% of all jobs around the world are based on Tesla and
Edison patents
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Nikola Tesla (July 10, 1856 – January 7, 1943)
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Nikola Tesla (July 10, 1856 – January 7, 1943)
112 Patents1200+ adds to the basic patent set272 out of USA
Sunday, February 17, 13
Nikola Tesla (July 10, 1856 – January 7, 1943)
112 Patents1200+ adds to the basic patent set272 out of USA
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What is technology?
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Sunday, February 17, 13
What is invention?
Sunday, February 17, 13
Necessity, who is the mother of invention.
Plato: The RepublicGreek author & philosopher in Athens (427 BC - 347 BC)
Rafael: “The School of Athens”
Plato and Aristotle
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Innovations
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Technological
Innovations
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TechnologicalNon-technological
Innovations
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TechnologicalNon-technological
Useful
Innovations
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TechnologicalNon-technological
UsefulEdison
Innovations
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TESLA PATENT 381968 ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MOTOR
May 1st, 1888
Base
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May 1st, 1888
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NON-TECHNOLOGICAL
INVENTIONS
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SYSTEMS OF WRITING (ALPHABET)
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Cuneiform – Summer ca 3000 B.C.
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Cuneiform – Summer ca 3000 B.C.
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American Sign LanguageThomas Gallaudet – 1817 (USA)
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GLASS
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Egypt~2,500 BC
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Egypt~2,500 BC
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INK
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Egypt, China~2,500 BC
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LOCK AND KEY
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Mesopotamia~2,000 B.C
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ConfuciusLady, Lock and Key Story
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CHOCOLATE
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AZTEC, MAYA1,000 B.C.
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BUTTON
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Greeks – 700 B.C.
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Greeks – 700 B.C.
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DENTURES
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ETRUSCANS~700 BC
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COIN
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Lydians650 B.C.
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PAPER MONEY
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Song Dynasty~700 CHN
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Song Dynasty~700 CHN
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Song Dynasty~700 CHN
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POWDER
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CHINA~ 1,000 AD
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MAGNETIC COMPASS
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CHINA, EUROPE~ 1200 A.D.
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MIRROR
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Venetians~1,200 AD
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EYEGLASSES
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Salvino degli Armati or Alessandro di Spina
~1280, ITA
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SunglassesJames Ayscough – 1752-USA
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Contact LensesAdolf Flick
Germany - 1887
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PASSENGER ELEVATOR
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Konrad Kyeser1405 - GER
Meteora,
Greeece
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Paternoster, 1884-Darford-ENG
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MICROSCOPE
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Hans & Zacharias Jansen1578 – The Netherlands
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CALENDARGREGORIAN
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Pope Gregory XIII and Octavian Clavius
1582- Vatican
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THERMOMETER
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Galileo Galilei1592 - Italy
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CALCULUS
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Sir Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (invented separately)
– 1680s – ENG-GER
Algebra + GeometryDifferentialIntegral
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CEMENT
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Joseph Aspdin1824 – Potrland- UK
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Reinforced ConcreteJoseph Monier, 1867 - France
Niagara – cca 1900 a.d.
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DYNAMITE
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Alfred Nobel1867 - SWE
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CHEWING GUM
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Thomas Adams1870 - USA
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BAG
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Margaret Knight – 1870 - USA
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POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC)
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POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC)
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POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC)
CH2=CHCl
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Eugen Baumann1872 - GER
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Eugen Baumann1872 - GER
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Dichloro-Diphenyl-Trichloroethane (ClC6H4)2CH(CCl3)
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DDT
Dichloro-Diphenyl-Trichloroethane (ClC6H4)2CH(CCl3)
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Othmar Zeidler1874-GER
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CREAM SEPARATOR
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Carl Gustaf Patrik de Laval1878 - SWE
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PNEUMATIC TYRE
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John Boyd Dunlop1888 - UK
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TECHNOLOGICAL INVENTIONS
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ASTROLABE
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ἀστρολάβον astrolabon, "star-taker“
~ 200 BC
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ἀστρολάβον astrolabon, "star-taker“
~ 200 BC
Sunday, February 17, 13
ἀστρολάβον astrolabon, "star-taker“
~ 200 BC
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The Antikythera mechanism(Calculate positions of the
stars) – 100 BC
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The Antikythera mechanism(Calculate positions of the
stars) – 100 BC
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Sextant
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TELESCOPE
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Johanes Lippershey1608 – The Netherlands
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Space Telescope Hubble1990 - USA
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SUBMARINE
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Cornelis Drebbel1620 – The Netherlands
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BAROMETERLIQUID MERCURY
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Evangelista Torricelli1643 - ITA
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Evangelista Torricelli1643 - ITA
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PENDULUM CLOCK
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Christiaan Huygens1656 – The Netherlands
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Christiaan Huygens1656 – The Netherlands
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Church Pendulum Clock
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John Harrison1762 - ENG
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TELEGRAPH
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Samuel Finley Breese Morse - 1836 - USA
1836, built first telegraph
Adopt magnetism for electromagnetic
telegraphy
Sunday, February 17, 13
Samuel Finley Breese Morse - 1836 - USA
1836, built first telegraph
Adopt magnetism for electromagnetic
telegraphy
Sunday, February 17, 13
Samuel Finley Breese Morse - 1836 - USA
1836, built first telegraph
Adopt magnetism for electromagnetic
telegraphy
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Morse CodeFirst Binary Code
First public presentation of telegraph September 2,1837
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Alfred Vail
1837-1845 work with Morse on commercialization of telegraph
1845 – first telegraph line Baltimor – Washington
Add second taster and electromagnets
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REVOLVER
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SAMUEL COLT1835-USA
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REFRIGERATOR
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John Gorrie1842-USA
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TYPEWRITER
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Christopher Latham Sholes1868 - USA
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TeleprinterBaudot, 32 keys - 1874 (1849) - FRA
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TELEPHONE
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Alexander Graham BellSCO
7. 3. 1876, patent no 174 465
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Telephone
First Bell commercial telephone
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MICROPHONE
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David Hughes1878- USA
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CASH REGISTER WITH PRINTING RECEIPT
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James Ritty1879
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DISHWASHER
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Josephine Cochrane1886 - USA
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CAMERA
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George Eastman (Kodak)1888 - USA
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George Eastman1884
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AIR VEHICLES
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Daedalus and Icarus(The Metamorphosis, book 8)
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Hot Air BaloonJoseph –Michel and Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier –
1783 - FRA
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Ferdinand von Zeppelin1870 – First Military Baloon
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EDISON INNOVATIONS
BEFORE 1888, May
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Menlo Park
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$15,000,000,000 (1931)$227,000,000,000 (2012)
Menlo Park
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Candle3000 B.C. -
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Candle3000 B.C. -
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Candle3000 B.C. -
Sir Humphry Davy – flammable gas lamp –
1815 - UKDuration – 15 hrs
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Lighting BulbThomas Alva Edison - 1879-USA
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Lighting BulbThomas Alva Edison - 1879-USA
1093 patents First inventor-businessman
Inventor of DC (Direct Current)
Tesla was in Edison Electric Company one year (1884-march 1885)
Duration – 40 hrs
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Ticker - 1869
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TOP 5Sunday, February 17, 13
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#5
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Wheel
Standard of Ur, cca 2,500B.C.
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Device that allows heavy objects to be moved easily through rotating on an axle through its center, facilitating movement or transportation while supporting a load (mass), or performing labor in machines.
In order for wheels to rotate, a moment needs to be applied to the wheel about its axis, either by way of gravity, or by application of another
external force.
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EthimologyOld English: hweol, hweogol,Proto-Germanic: *hwehwlan, *hwegwlanProto-Indo-European: *kwekwlo-, an extended form of the root *kwel- "to revolve, move around“Greek κύκλος kýklos, "wheel“Sanskrit :chakraOld Church Slavonic: kolo, The Latin word rota is from the Proto-Indo-European *rotā-, the extended o-grade form of the root *ret-
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Wheels Today
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Water wheel
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BicycleBaron Karl de Drais de Sauerbrun –
1818 - GER
Skoda penny-farthing bicycle
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#4
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Aeolipile – First recorded steam engineCtesibius - ~250 BC.
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#3
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Johannes Guttengerg - Printing Press - 1450, GER
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Luther – print first marketing material
Martin Luther (1483-1546) – Augustinian, Wittenberg
95 Theses on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences1517 – Protestant
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134
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Leonardo da Vinci
Key Person
134
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Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) – Machine Civili
Archimedes ScrewSunday, February 17, 13
Ball BearingPunch press
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Ball BearingPunch press
Nickel-chrome plated steel1794 – Philip Vaughan - UK
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Gear box Spring
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Gear box (and differential)
Chain
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GearHero of Alexandria - 50 BC
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GearHero of Alexandria - 50 BC
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KEY MOMENT: DISCOVERING AMERICAN CONTINENT 1492
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#2
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More than 4% of Carbon.Machining is impossible.
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Iron Casting
More than 4% of Carbon.Machining is impossible.
Sunday, February 17, 13
Iron Casting
More than 4% of Carbon.Machining is impossible.
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Steel (0.2-2.1% of Carbon+Mg, Cr,Va,Ni)
Bessemer processHenry Bessemer, 1855 - UK
Siemens-MartinSir Carl Wilhelm Siemens, 1857, GER-UKPierre Emile Martin – 1865 - FRA
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Steel (0.2-2.1% of Carbon+Mg, Cr,Va,Ni)
Bessemer processHenry Bessemer, 1855 - UK
Siemens-MartinSir Carl Wilhelm Siemens, 1857, GER-UKPierre Emile Martin – 1865 - FRA
Sunday, February 17, 13
Steel (0.2-2.1% of Carbon+Mg, Cr,Va,Ni)
Bessemer processHenry Bessemer, 1855 - UK
Siemens-MartinSir Carl Wilhelm Siemens, 1857, GER-UKPierre Emile Martin – 1865 - FRA
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Abraham Darby I (1678-1717)
Abraham Darby IVThe world's first Iron Bridge near Coalbrookdale in Shropshire
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145
James Watt -1769 - SCOsteam engineFrom this point Industrial Revolution start
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Steam engine in action
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Steam engine in action
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Nicolas Joseph Cugnot – 1769 Fardier à vapeur
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Robert Fulton Steamboat 1777
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Stephenson’s Rocket(1830- Manchester-Liverpool)
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Boiler1869 was invented first boiler
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Boilerman (also Fireman, Stoker)
They eating enormous volume of food.
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Income Level in Last 2 Millenia
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4 A.D. – Roman Empire – avg $760 - $PPP 850 per month
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4 A.D. – Roman Empire – avg $760 - $PPP 850 per month
1,000 A.D. – Byzantium – avg $PPP640- $720 per month
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4 A.D. – Roman Empire – avg $760 - $PPP 850 per month
1,000 A.D. – Byzantium – avg $PPP640- $720 per month
2010 – 2,000 A.D. – avg $PPP750 per month
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Era of Liquid fuels
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Karl Friedrich Benz-GER1866 - First gasoline powered car
Benz Patent – Motorwagen Engine
Than Otto, Daimler, Diesel improved engine...
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Internal combustion engine
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#1
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The Arc of Covenant - Bibilical time
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ElectricityThe Arc of Covenant - Bibilical time
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ElectricityThe Arc of Covenant - Bibilical time
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ElectricityThe Arc of Covenant - Bibilical time
260 B.C -225 A.D. Baghdad battery (1.1V)
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Alessandro Volta-1800-ITA
first battery on the University of Padua
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160
1895-First Franchise – 1$ (2010$ 21.6) per HP (1.34 kW)
Niagara – cca 1900 a.d.
2010$ 16/kW
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Mihailo Pupin (4. 10. 1858 Idvor – 12. 3. 1935)
1894 – 1923 - has 24 Patents in the field of long distance telephonyFather of long distance wired transmission
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ONE MORE THING
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Where is mr Tesla?
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TESLA “HOLLY TRINITY” PATENTS
Where is mr Tesla?
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Started with Tesla Patent 514,167, Feb 6, 1894
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Coaxial Cable Patent, Dec 8, 1931Bell Labs Project
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Single-wire transmission line - 1897
Tesla called this phenomenon "transmission of electrical energy through one wire without return".
Tesla stated in 1901:
"Some ten years ago, I recognized the fact that to convey electric currents to a distance it was not at all necessary to employ a return wire, but that any amount of energy might be transmitted by using a single wire. I illustrated this principle by numerous experiments, which, at that time, excited considerable attention among scientific men."
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Principle of Wireless Transmitting
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Guillermo Marconi• "Telegraphy without
Wires", at the Toynb, on 11 December 1896; and "Signaling through Space without Wires", on 4 June 1897- London
• 2. 6. 1896 applied, than on 2. 3. 1897 add amendments to the patent to the British Patent Institution
• Tesla fight against Marconi, because he applied in the USA earlier for the same patent as a secondary patent (early 1896)
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Marconi - antenna
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Oliver Heaviside (1850-1925)—An inventor who failed to file crucial
patents•Patent GB 1407 – 1880, Coaxial-Cable•1892 – attend Tesla presentation held in British Electrical Engineers Institute: “Experiments with high voltage, high frequency alternate currents” •1894 – Tesla patent No 514,167 – Electrical Conductor
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Principle of Wireless
Transmitting
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Wireless control
• Madison Square Garden exhibition - 1898
• Tesla had control over small “ship” using remote control
• This was first wireless controlled device
• First commercial use – after 1960
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Magnifying Transmitter
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Tesla Coils – in Lab
He played with frequencies
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George Westinghouse (1846-1914)-Inventor of Railway Air Brake- Tesla spent in GWH Co form July 1888 – February 1889.
Tesla had good salary in GWH Co. After that he came to entrepreneur arena.
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The Tesla Wireless Plant on Long Island (High Voltage-High
Frequency)
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Tesla – Antena ConceptsHemisphere
Thorus (Pat 1119732, Dec 1, 1914)
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Nikola Tesla: His Life and Work
1900 - backed by $150,000 (2010$ 3,240,00) from financier John Pierpont Morgan, Tesla began construction of his so called "Wireless Broadcasting System" tower on Long Island, N. Y. This broadcasting tower was intended to link the world's telephone and telegraph services, as well as transmit pictures, stock reports, and weather information worldwide."
However, once Morgan realized that Tesla wanted to provide all these serviced for free, he cut Tesla's funding.
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I will illuminate bulbs 25 miles away, free of
charge!!!
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Main question was:Where is the money? Nik, Show me the
money!!!
I will illuminate bulbs 25 miles away, free of
charge!!!
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Tesla try to receive funds for his wireless patents from
different sources
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Millionaire John Jacob Astor (died on the Titanic crash, 1912)
The White State line was owned by J.P. Morgan. At the last moment, Morgan decided not to sail on his ship....Madeleine survived, and according to John Jacob Astor's will, Madeleine would have received income from a $5,000,000 trust fund as long as she did not remarry.
Madeleine and John Astor
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One year earlier – 1899 – Colorado Springs
Col. John Jacob Astor – made available to Tesla $30,000 (2010$ 390,000)
Tesla first calculated Earth frequency ~ 6HzShumman resonance 7.8-11 Hz
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The Electric Experimenter
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U.S Blows Up Tesla Radio Tower - 1917
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1930 – Tesla proclaimed Death Ray
11 July 1934 the headline on the front page of the New York Times read, 'TESLA, AT 78, BARES NEW 'DEATH BEAM'. ... such tremendous energy that they will bring down a fleet of 10,000 enemy airplanes at a distance of 250miles...' Tesla stated that the death beam would make war impossible by offering every country an 'invisibleChinese wall'. ("A Master of Lightening: A Weapon To End War")
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Tesla Sold Patent to USSR
In 1937 Tesla presented a plan to the Amtorg Trading Corporation, an alleged Soviet arms front in New York City. Two years later, in 1939, one stage of the plan was tested in the USSR and Tesla received a check for $25,000 (2010$ 314,000).
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Giant Tesla Coil in Russia
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H.A.A.R.P. (1990)High Active Auroral Research
Project
Gaskona Alaska
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Wireless and Internet
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Source: Milken Institute, Merrill Lynch Industry Report (April 1999)
The Internet has penetrated the US market faster than any other major 20th century technological innovation
Sunday, February 17, 13
Source: Milken Institute, Merrill Lynch Industry Report (April 1999)
46 Years44 Years
35 Years34 Years
30 Years
26 Years
22 Years
15 Years13 Years
7 Years
HouseholdElectricity
Automobile Telephone VCR MicrowaveOven
TV Radio PC CellularPhone
Internet
Number of Years to Attain 25% Household Penetration in the US
The Internet has penetrated the US market faster than any other major 20th century technological innovation
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Commercial Spread Spectrum
Background
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Hedy Lamar: Legendary Inventor of Spread Spectrum
As is often reported in popular press, Hedy Lamar was awarded an early frequency hopping spread spectrum patent during WWII
Invention was not applied in practice in next 17 years
Like with the computer, it is probably impossible to identify a single inventor
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Key Spread Spectrum Modulation Schemes
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Hedy is Still Remembered!
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Hedy is Still Remembered!
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Entre más vivo, siento que todo lo que era bueno para nuestros padres, no es lo suficientemente
bueno para nosotros.– Oscar Wilde
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200
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200
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WorldWith/Without
Tesla InventionsPetar KocovicJuly 10, 2012
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