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Tailored bioabsorbable implants and scaffolds
for biomedical and tissue engineering
applications
Minna Kellomki
Professor, Dr Tech, FBSE
BioMediTech
and
Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering
Tampere University of Technology, Finland
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History of biomaterials research in Finland
Tekes review 289/2012, p. 63
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3
4.9.2013
1st in the world innova
tions and products
1st in the world several surgical implant familiesintroduced to clinical studies, examples:
Ultra-high strength pins and screws for bonefracture fixation
Membranes for guided tissue regeneration
Arrows for closing of knee meniscus ruptures
Stents for urological and gastro-enterologicalapplications
Malleable plates for craniomaxillofacial, spineand thoracic surgical applications
Antibiotic releasing screws for prophylacticapplications
Bioreconstructive scaffolds for finger and toejoint regeneration
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Biomaterials research areas
Leader: Minna Kellomki Prof, Dr Tech, FBSE
Processing, microstructures and properties of:
Bioabsorbable, synthetic polymers
Hydrogels
Modified natural organic materials
Polymer-ceramic composites
Bioceramics and bioactive glasses
Development of:
Surgical implants and implantable measuring devices Scaffolds for tissue engineering
Drug releasing biomaterials
Biocompatible surfaces and electrical properties of
biomaterials
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Advanced Tissue Regeneration Technology;Osteopromotive Composite Scaffolds and Cellular
Response with Human Adipose Stem Cells
KURKO
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Requirements for TE-scaffold technology
Requirements for a tissue
engineering scaffold:
Biocompatible
Optimal pore size
Interconnected pore
structure
Bioabsorbable
Requirements for a technology
transfer from the lab to the clinics:
Better functionality or activity
compared to the existingtechnology
High manufacturing rate and
yield
Low manufacturing costs
Easy to use
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Scaffold structures
PLCL: Porosity up to 70 %
Average pore size 500-1000 m
Max pore size 1300-2300 m
PLCL--TCP 40 wt-%:
Porosity up to 70 %
Average pore size 300-800 m
Max pore size 600-2300 m
PLCL--TCP 60 wt-%:
Porosity up to 60 %
Average pore size 300-600 m
Max pore size 600-1500 m
Scaffold + water
Scaffold phase Water phase
Pore interconnectivity 98-99 %
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In vitro cytocompatibility
Seeding with human
adipose stem cells(660 cells/ mm3)
Cell attachment and
viability
Live/dead-fluorescent probes
Cell proliferation
Quantitative DNA analysis(CyQuant)
Early stage osteogenic
differentiation
Quantitative alkaline
phosphatase activity
Adipose stem cells have
been used successfully for
clinical bone regeneration
[2,3]
[2] Mesimaki K, et al. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2009.[3] Thesleff T, et al. Neurosurgery, 2011.
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Conclusions
ScCO2
-processing enables effective manufacturing of
porous and biodegradable scaffolds without harmful
solvents
The scaffolds mechanical properties enable cyclic loading
and easy tailoring of the scaffolds to the desired shape
PLCL 70/30 -TCP scaffolds support the attachment
and stimulate the proliferation of hASCs
Preliminary results show also that thescaffolds induce the early osteogenic
differentiation
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The Team and Acknowledgements
Scientific team:
Tampere University of TechnologyProfessor Minna Kellomki
Kaarlo Paakinaho
Niina Ahola
Professor Mika Valden
Leena Vuori
Professor Jari Hyttinen
Markus Hannula
Tampere University
Doc. Susanna Miettinen
Suvi Haimi
Laura Tirkkonen
Sanna Huttunen
Aalto UniversityProfessor Jukka Seppl
Laura Elomaa
International collaboration with:
Professor Dirk Grijpma, University of Twente, The Netherlands
Professor Marcy Zenobi-Wong, ETH Zrich, Switzerland
Professor Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
Funding and collaboration:
Industrial collaboration:
The Finnish Funding Agency for
Technology and Innovation
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Biomaterials for regenerative
medicine
-
Human Spare Parts projecthttp://www.biomeditech.fi/research/human_spare_parts_program.php
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In the picture 1990s human spare parts
Scientific teams:
Tampere University of Technology
Professor Minna Kellomki (Biomaterials)
Professor Jari Hyttinen (Imaging and image analysis)
Ptofessor Jukka Lekkala (Biosensors and measurements)
Professor Pasi Kallio (Biomimetic environments)
Tampere University
Doc. Susanna Miettinen (Adipose stem cells)
Doc. Susanna Narkilahti (Neuro)
Doc. Heli Skottman (Ophthalmology)
Doc. Katriina Aalto-Setl (Cardiac cells and tissues)
Main funding:
The Finnish Funding Agency for
Technology and Innovation
http://www.biomeditech.fi/research/human_spare_parts_program.php
http://www.biomeditech.fi/research/human_spare_parts_program.phphttp://www.biomeditech.fi/research/human_spare_parts_program.phphttp://www.biomeditech.fi/research/human_spare_parts_program.phphttp://www.biomeditech.fi/research/human_spare_parts_program.php8/12/2019 Tailored Bioabsorbable Implants and Scaffolds
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134.9.2013
Biomaterials research themes in HSP
1. Fibers and 2D & 3D textiles2. Hydrogels and functionalization of
materials
3. Biodegradable sensors
Application areas:
1. Regenerative medicine
2. Cell culture surfaces and devices
3. Material development and characterization
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Melt-spun biodegradable fibers
Melt processing of biodegradable polymers
- Design and manufacturing of the equipment and
tools
- Optimization of parameters for spinning of fibers
Coarse Fine Ultra fine Nano & Hollow fibers
> 100 m 100-30 m 30-1 m < 1 m > 60 m
Slide by Ville Ell / TUT BME
4.9.2013
F fib diff t
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From fibers different
textile structures
From fibers production of multiple textile structures
from textiles scaffolds and implants
e.g. Knits Braids Non-wovens Wovens
Slide by Ville Ell / TUT BME
4.9.2013
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16
PLA96 + fibrin hybrids
Tschoeke B et al. Tissue Engineering 2009Koch et al, Biomaterials 2010
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Two photon polymerization
- structures and functionalization
- (additional partner: VTT)
17
4.9.2013
(a) (b) (c)
Neurocages (2PP)
Protein structures: BSA (left) and avidin (right) (2PP)
Miniaturized trabecular
bone replica (2PP)
Designed scaffold; close-up of nanostructure; cultured
ASCs(2PP)
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Embedded measuring circuits
-1.5
-1
-0.5
ShiftofFrequency(MHz)
PCL 2,40 mm
PLCL 2,09 mm
PDMS 2.19 mm
- Measuring circuit embedded inside polymer foils
- Distant reader system- Detection of water diffusion into the polymer
structure
Salpavaara et al, 2012
- We can use this information to e.g.- Understand material behavior
more deeply
- Enhance material selection
process for applications
- By improving models how
polymers degrade
(collaboration prof Pan,
Univ Leicester)
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Biomaterial requests in HSP
Permanent > temporary
Biostabile bioabsorbable > bioactive
Replacement - repair > tissue engineering
Solid -> porous
Hard/rigid & soft/flexible & hydrogel/gel
2D & 3D
Macro & micro & nano
Basic research
> R&D
> commercialization/products19
4.9.2013
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