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Swedish Environmental Specimen BankTjelvar Odsjö
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Swedish Environmental Specimen BankCollection and storing of specimen for contemporary and retrospective monitoring and research
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
• Environmental Specimen Bank - background• ESB started in the early 1960s
• The first ESB of its kind in the World, but not the biggest
• Holds samples from more than 260 000 specimens
• Most samples stored frozen at –30º C and –80º C
• Some samples stored dry at room temperature
• Approximately 3 700 samples used for analyses per year
• Funding from Swedish EPA and NRM
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
Monitoring - objectivesAssess the state of environmentTo follow and describe the state of the environment and fluctuations in environmental conditions and to identify the changes caused by man.Provide basis for assessing threatsTo provide a basis for identifying and assessing environmental threats from local to global level.
Provide basis for mesuresTo provide a basis for measures designed to ensure that society develops in an environmentally compatible way. Follow upTo follow the effects of measures that are introduced.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
Aims for storing specimens in ESB
Time trend studiesSpatial studiesStudies of natural transport of contaminantsStudies of eco-toxicologyMonitoring of recipients and hot spotsFood control and health protection
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NWX, perch, Kvadofjarden
.00
.02
.04
.06
.08
.10
.12
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
pia - 03.11.25 08:44, nwx0
ESB
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
Documented standard procedures for:
CollectionTransportPreparationStoring
--------------------------Swedish EPAHandbooks for monitoring
Banking of specimens
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
Accession to the ESB Monitoring Programs: Material collected for use in the terrestrial, freshwater and marine monitoring programs.
Project for threatened species: Specimens collected from species threatened by environmental contaminants by food or by staying in contaminated habitats.
State game: Specimens collected from game found dead by chance belonging to the state according to the Swedish Game Act §33. Mostly rare species and top predators.
Scientific collections: Large series of specimens collected and recorded in a scientific manner. The specimens should be judged valuable for future retrospective contaminant studies in national and international projects.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
1200019
64
1967
1970
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
Serie10Serie9Serie8Serie7Serie6Serie5Serie4Serie3Serie2Serie1MammBirdsFish
EggOtherMossesWingsRodents
FixMilk
Annual accession to the Swedish ESB
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
Mammals 20 000Voles sp 25 000Birds 21 000Eggs 6 500Wings of birds 30 000Fish 115 000Mosses 10 000Soil and humus 1 000Sludge 8 000Breast milk 800Food products 12 000Other 13 500
Approximate content in the ESB
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
Contaminant monitoring -StrategiesWhich substances and elements shall be monitored?Which geographical areas shall be covered?Which species shall be used for studies of the bio-available part of the contaminant?What age and sex, what organ or tissue of the organism shall be selected for collection and banking?Which season of the year shall collection take place?How often shall collection be carried out?How many specimens shall be collected and analyzed?Which analysing method shall be used?Who should have access to specimens in the bank?For how long shall specimens be stored in the ESB?
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
More than 8000 specimens are collected annually
MooseReindeer (s)Reindeer (w)VoleStarling
Terrestrial
TISS - 02.10.29 14:57, terr3
PerchPikeRoachChar
Freshwater
TISS - 02.10.29 15:04, limn3
Blue m.EelpoutPerchCodGuillemotHerring
250 km
Marine
TISS - 02.10.29 14:06, mari2
Monitoring of contaminants - from Abisko in the north to Krankesjön in the south
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
TERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENTS
Starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
Rodents(Vole sp.)
Reindeer(Rangifer tarandus)
Moose(Alces alces)
Mosses(Pleurozium schreberi )
(Hylocomium splendens)
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MooseReindeer (s)Reindeer (w)VoleStarling
Terrestrial
TISS - 02.10.29 14:57, terr3
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
FRESHWATERENVIRONMENTS
Arctic char(Salvelinus alpinus)
Roach(Rutilus rutilus)
Pike(Esox lucius)
Perch(Perca fluviatilis)
.
PerchPikeRoachChar
Freshwater
TISS - 02.10.29 15:04, limn3
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
MARINE ENVIRONMENTS
Herring(Clupea harengus)Guillemot egg(Uria aalge)Atlantic cod(Gadus morrhua)Perch(Perca fluviatilis)Eelpout(Zoarces viviparus)Blue mussel(Mytilus edulis)Common dab (Limanda limanda)European flounder(Platichthys flesus)
.
Blue m.EelpoutPerchCodGuillemotHerring
250 km
Marine
TISS - 02.10.29 14:06, mari2
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
PROJECTS FOR THREATENED SPECIES -Seals, otter, white-tailed Sea eagle
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
STATE GAME – game found dead by chance according tothe Swedish Game Act §33.
Belongs to official institutions for use in research and education.
• Birds of prey
• Owls
• Predatory animals (mammals)
• Marine mammals
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
National Food Bank The Swedish National Food Administration (SLV)
Breast Milk BankKarolinska Institute KI
VIS-project (Vings of black game)University of Umeå (UmU)
Older Food StuffInstitute of Environmental Medicine (IMM)
SludgeSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)
Scientific collections
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY
Egg collectionsSkin collectionsBone collections
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
ARCIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY
Egg collectionsSkin collectionsBone collections
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY
Egg collections Skin collectionsBone collections
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10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5
Frequency of skull lesions in grey seal
U.K.
1900-75
Östersjön
- 1960 1960 - 69 1971 - 85
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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK
Swedish Museum of Natural HistoryContaminant Research GroupP.O. Box 50007SE-104 05 Stockholm SWEDEN
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