advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/1/10/e1500714/DC1
Supplementary Materials for
A new generation of alloyed/multimetal chalcogenide nanowires by
chemical transformation
Yuan Yang, Kai Wang, Hai-Wei Liang, Guo-Qiang Liu, Mei Feng, Liang Xu, Jian-Wei Liu,
Jin-Long Wang, Shu-Hong Yu
Published 6 November 2015, Sci. Adv. 1, e1500714 (2015)
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500714
The PDF file includes:
Fig. S1. TEM image of Te nanowires.
Fig. S2. XPS spectra of TexSey@Se nanowires ([Te]:[Se] = 1:4).
Fig. S3. Morphologic changes in TexSey@Se core-shell nanowires ([Te]:[Se] =
1:4) upon exposure to an electron beam.
Fig. S4. Characterization of TexSey alloy nanowires ([Te]:[Se] = 4:1).
Fig. S5. Characterization of as-synthesized TeSe4 alloy nanorods.
Fig. S6. TEM images of TexSey@Se nanowires with different Te/Se precursor
ratios.
Fig. S7. XRD patterns of TexSey@Se nanowires with different Te/Se precursor
ratios.
Fig. S8. EDS spectra of TexSey@Se nanowires with different Te/Se precursor
ratios.
Fig. S9. Photographs of as-prepared MSeTe nanowires.
Fig. S10. XRD patterns of MSeTe nanowires.
Fig. S11. EDS spectra of MSeTe nanowires.
Fig. S12. HRTEM images and corresponding fast Fourier transform patterns of
MSeTe nanowires.
Fig. S13. TEM images and XRD patterns of CdSeTe and BiSeTe nanowires
synthesized by the CT of TexSey@Se nanowires with different Te/Se ratios.
Fig. S14. TEM images and XRD patterns of samples FeSeTe and AgSeTe
(prepared without NH4SCN).
Fig. S15. TEM images and XRD patterns of CoSeTe and NiSeTe nanowires
([Te]:[Se] = 1:4) prepared with different amounts of hydrazine.
Fig. S16. XRD patterns and EDS spectra of obtained AgCuSeTe, Cu/Pb, and
Ni@Cd nanowires.
Fig. S17. XRD patterns of obtained BMC alloy nanowires (I).
Fig. S18. XRD patterns of obtained BMC hybrid nanowires (II).
Fig. S19. XRD patterns of obtained BMC hybrid nanowires (III).
Fig. S20. XRD patterns of obtained BMC hybrid nanowires (IV).
Fig. S21. TEM images, elemental maps, and XRD patterns of the two types of
MMC hybrid nanowires obtained.
Fig. S22. TEM images and XRD patterns of Cu/Pb and BiPb nanowires prepared
through the CT of TexSey@Se nanowires ([Te]:[Se] = 1:4).
Fig. S23. Characterization of PbSeTe samples obtained from different synthesis
stages.
Table S1. Composition of CdSeTe and BiSeTe nanowires synthesized by the CT
of TexSey@Se nanowires with different Te/Se ratios.
Table S2. Standard reduction potentials excerpted from the CRC Handbook of
Chemistry and Physics, 90th Edition (CRC Press, 2010).
Table S3. Detailed reaction parameters for the synthesis of MSeTe (Pb, Cd, Co,
Ni, Bi, and Sb) nanowires.
Table S4. Detailed reaction conditions for the synthesis of BMC nanowires.
Supplementary Materials:
Fig. S1-S23 and Table S1-S4
Fig. S1. TEM image of Te nanowires.
Fig. S2. XPS spectra of TexSey@Se nanowires ([Te]:[Se] = 1:4). (A) Survey for the Se 3d
region. (B) Survey for the Te 3d region.
Fig. S3. The morphologic changes in TexSey@Se core-shell nanowires ([Te]:[Se] = 1:4) upon
exposure to an electron beam. (A) About 20s. (B) About 60s. (C) About 180s.
Fig. S4. Characterization of TexSey alloy nanowires ([Te]:[Se] = 4:1). (A) TEM image. (B)
XRD pattern. (C) HRTEM image. (D and E) Elemental mappings of Te (green) and Se (red).
Fig. S5. Characterization of as-synthesized TeSe4 alloy nanorods. (A) SEM image of TeSe4
alloy nanorods. (B) XRD pattern of TeSe4 alloy nanorods.
Fig. S6. TEM images of TexSey@Se nanowires with different Te/Se precursor ratios. (A)
[Te]:[Se] = 1:2. (B) [Te]:[Se] = 1:4. Large scale synthesized sample. (C) [Te]:[Se] = 1:6. (D)
[Te]:[Se] = 1:8.
Fig. S7. XRD patterns of TexSey@Se nanowires with different Te/Se precursor ratios.
Fig. S8. EDS spectra of TexSey@Se nanowires with different Te/Se precursor ratios. (A)
[Te]:[Se] = 1:2. (B) [Te]:[Se] = 1:4. (C) [Te]:[Se] = 1:6. (D) [Te]:[Se] = 1:8.
Fig. S9. Photographs of as-prepared MSeTe nanowires.
Fig. S10. XRD patterns of MSeTe nanowires. (A) AgSeTe. (B) HgSeTe. (C) CuSeTe. (D)
BiSeTe. (E) PbSeTe. (F) CdSeTe. (G) SbSeTe. (H) NiSeTe. (I) CoSeTe.
Fig. S11. EDS spectra of MSeTe nanowires. (A) AgSeTe. (B) HgSeTe. (C) CuSeTe. (D) BiSeTe.
(E) PbSeTe. (F) CdSeTe. (G) SbSeTe. (H) NiSeTe. (I) CoSeTe.
Fig. S12. HRTEM images and corresponding fast Fourier transformed patterns of MSeTe
nanowires. (A) HgSeTe. (B) CuSeTe. (C) BiSeTe. (D) PbSeTe. (E) CdSeTe. (F) SbSeTe. (G)
NiSeTe. (H) CoSeTe.
Fig. S13. TEM images and XRD patterns of CdSeTe nanowires and BiSeTe nanowires
synthesized by the CT of TexSey@Se nanowires with different Te/Se ratios. (A) CdSeTe,
[Te]:[Se] = 1:2. (B) CdSeTe, [Te]:[Se] = 1:8. (C) XRD patterns of CdSeTe. (D) BiSeTe, [Te]:[Se]
= 1:2. (E) BiSeTe, [Te]:[Se] = 1:8. (F) XRD patterns of BiSeTe.
Fig. S14. TEM images and XRD patterns of samples FeSeTe and AgSeTe (prepared without
NH4SCN). (A and B) FeSeTe ([Te]:[Se] = 1:4). (C and D) AgSeTe ([Te]:[Se] = 1:4).
Fig. S15. TEM images and XRD patterns of CoSeTe and NiSeTe nanowires ([Te]:[Se] = 1:4)
prepared with different amounts of hydrazine. (A and B) CoSeTe, 10 mL hydrazine. (C and D)
NiSeTe, no hydrazine.
Fig. S16. XRD patterns and EDS spectra of obtained AgCuSeTe, Cu/Pb and Ni@Cd
nanowires. (A and B) AgCuSeTe alloy nanowires, [Ag]:[Cu] = 1:1. (C and D) Cu/Pb hybrid
nanowires, [Cu]:[Pb] = 2:1. (E and F) Ni@Cd core-shell nanowires, [Cd]:[Ni] = 1:1.
Fig. S17. XRD patterns of obtained BMC alloy nanowires (I). (A) AgBi, [Ag]:[Bi] = 1:1. (B)
AgSb, [Ag]:[Sb] = 1:1. (C) CuSb, [Cu]:[Sb] = 3:1. (D) BiPb, [Bi]:[Pb] = 2:3. (E) BiSb, [Bi]:[Sb]
= 1:1. (F) NiCo, [Ni]:[Co] = 1:1. (G) HgPb, [Hg]:[Pb] = 1:1. (H) PbCd, [Pb]:[Cd] = 1:1. (I)
HgCd, [Hg]:[Cd] = 1:1.
Fig. S18. XRD patterns of obtained BMC hybrid nanowires (II). (A) Ag/Hg, [Ag]:[Hg] = 2:1.
(B) Ag/Pb, [Ag]:[Pb] = 2:1. (C) Ag/Cd, [Ag]:[Cd] = 2:1. (D) Ag/Ni, [Ag]:[Ni] = 2:1. (E) Ag/Co,
[Ag]:[Co] = 2:1. (F) Hg/Cu, [Hg]:[Cu] = 1:2. (G) Hg/Bi, [Hg]:[Bi] = 3:2. (H) Hg/Sb, [Hg]:[Sb] =
3:2. (I) Hg/Ni, [Hg]:[Ni] = 1:1.
Fig. S19. XRD patterns of obtained BMC hybrid nanowires (III). (A) Hg/Co, [Hg]:[Co] = 1:1.
(B) Cu/Bi, [Cu]:[Bi] = 3:1. (C) Cu/Cd, [Cu]:[Cd] = 2:1. (D) Cu/Ni, [Cu]:[Ni] = 2:1. (E) Cu/Co,
[Cu]:[Co] = 2:1. (F) Bi/Cd, [Bi]:[Cd] = 2:3. (G) Bi/Ni, [Bi]:[Ni] = 2:3. (H) Bi/Co, [Bi]:[Co] =
2:3. (I) Pb/Sb, [Pb]:[Sb] = 3:2.
Fig. S20. XRD patterns of obtained BMC hybrid nanowires (IV). (A) Pb/Ni, [Pb]:[Ni] = 1:1.
(B) Pb/Co, [Pb]:[Co] = 3:1. (C) Sb/Ni, [Sb]:[Ni] = 2:3. (D) Sb/Co, [Sb]:[Co] = 2:3. (E) Sb@Cd,
[Cd]:[Sb] = 3:2. (F) Co@Cd, [Cd]:[Ni] = 1:1.
Fig. S21. TEM images, elemental maps and XRD patterns of the two types of MMC hybrid
nanowires obtained. (A to C) Cu/Pb/Hg hybrid nanowires. (D to F) Cu/Pb/Hg/Bi hybrid
nanowires.
Fig. S22. TEM images and XRD patterns of Cu/Pb and BiPb nanowires prepared through
the CT of TexSey@Se nanowires ([Te]:[Se] = 1:4). (A) Cu/Pb nanowires, [Cu]:[Pb] = 8:1. (B)
Cu/Pb nanowires, [Cu]:[Pb] = 1:2. (C) XRD patterns of Cu/Pb nanowires. (D) BiPb nanowires,
[Pb]:[Bi] = 3:8. (E) BiPb nanowires, [Pb]:[Bi] = 6:1. (F) XRD patterns of BiPb nanowires.
Fig. S23. Characterizations of PbSeTe samples obtained from different synthesis stages. (A
to C) TEM images observed from samples after reacting for 1 hour, 3 hours and 6 hours,
respectively. Inset in image A is a high magnification TEM of the nanowires obtained by reacting
for 1 hour. (D) XRD patterns of samples obtained from different synthesis stages.
Table S1. Composition of CdSeTe and BiSeTe nanowires synthesized by CT of TexSey@Se
nanowires with different Te/Se ratios. The results were supplied by the ICP-AES analyses.
Samples M/Se/Te molar ratios in
precursors
Compositions of MSeTe nanowires
M/Se/Te (atomic ratio)
CdSeTe (1:2) ~ 0.54:0.40:0.20 42.5:36.6:20.9
CdSeTe (1:4) ~ 0.90:0.80:0.20 41.7:46.3:12.0
CdSeTe (1:8) ~ 1.62:1.60:0.20 42.3:50.7:7.0
BiSeTe (1:2) ~ 0.36:0.40:0.20 39.4:38.7:21.9
BiSeTe (1:4) ~ 0.60:0.80:0.20 41.6:44.9:13.5
BiSeTe (1:8) ~ 1.08:1.60:0.20 40.5:52.5:7.0
Table S2. Standard reduction potentials excerpted from the CRC Handbook of Chemistry
and Physics, 90th Edition (CRC Press, 2010).
In acidic solution In alkaline solution
Electrode EƟ/V Electrode EƟ/V
H+/H2 0.0000 H2O/H2 -0.8277
N2/N2H4 -0.23 N2/N2H4 -1.16
Se/H2Se -0.082 Se/Se2- -0.924
Te/H2Te -0.793 Te/Te2- -1.143
Ag+/Ag 0.7996 Ag2O/Ag 0.342
Hg22+/Hg 0.7973 AgSCN/Ag 0.08951
Hg2+/Hg 0.851 HgO/Hg 0.0977
Cu2+/Cu 0.3419 Cu(OH)2/Cu -0.222
Tl+/Tl -0.366 TlOH/Tl -0.34
Bi3+/Bi 0.308 Bi2O3/Bi -0.46
Pb2+/Pb -0.1262 PbO/Pb -0.580
Cd2+/Cd -0.4030 Cd(OH) 42-/Cd -0.658
Sb2O3/Sb 0.152 Sb2O3/Sb -0.677
Ni2+/Ni -0.257 Ni(OH)2/Ni -0.72
Co2+/Co -0.28 Co(OH)2/Co -0.73
Fe2+/Fe -0.447 Fe(OH)2/Fe -0.877
Sn2+/Sn -0.1375 SnO2/Sn -0.945
In3+/In -0.3382 In(OH)3/In -0.99
Zn2+/Zn -0.7618 Zn(OH) 42-/Zn -1.199
Table S3. Detailed reaction parameters for the synthesis of MSeTe (Pb, Cd, Co, Ni, Bi, Sb)
nanowires.
MSeTe Metal precursor
(mmol)
DIW (mL) Hydrazine
hydrate (mL)
Reacting
temperature (oC)
PbSeTe 0.9 40 0.0 100
CdSeTe 0.9 40 0.0 140
CoSeTe 0.8 0 20.0 160
NiSeTe 0.8 20 10.0 160
BiSeTe 0.6 40 0.0 160
SbSeTe 0.6 40 0.0 160
Table S4. Detailed reaction conditions for the synthesis of BMC nanowires.
BMC Precursors
M1/M2 (mmol/mmol)
DIW
(mL)
N2H4·H2O
(mL)
Reaction
temperature (oC)
Ag/Hg 0.90/0.45 40 0 80
AgCu 0.90/0.90 40 0 80
AgBi 0.45/0.45 35 5 160
Ag/Pb 0.90/0.45 35 5 100
Ag/Cd 0.90/0.45 35 5 140
AgSb 0.45/0.45 35 5 160
Ag/Ni 0.90/0.45 20 10 160
Ag/Co 0.90/0.45 20 10 160
Hg/Cu 0.45/0.90 40 0 80
Hg/Bi 0.45/0.30 35 5 160
HgPb 0.45/0.45 35 5 160
HgCd 0.45/0.45 35 5 160
Hg/Sb 0.45/0.30 35 5 160
Hg/Ni 0.45/0.45 20 10 160
Hg/Co 0.45/0.45 20 10 160
Cu/Bi 0.90/0.30 35 5 160
Cu/Pb 0.90/0.45 40 0 100
Cu/Cd 0.90/0.45 40 0 160
CuSb 0.90/0.30 35 5 160
Cu/Ni 0.90/0.45 20 10 160
Cu/Co 0.90/0.45 20 10 160
BiPb 0.30/0.45 35 5 160
Bi/Cd 0.30/0.45 40 0 160
BiSb 0.30/0.30 35 5 160
Bi/Ni 0.30/0.45 40 5 160
Bi/Co 0.30/0.45 25 5 160
PbCd 0.45/0.45 40 0 160
PbSb 0.45/0.30 40 0 160
Pb/Ni 0.45/0.45 20 10 160
Pb/Co 0.45/0.45 20 10 160
Sb@Cd 0.45/0.30 35 5 160
Ni@Cd 0.45/0.45 25 5 160
Co@Cd 0.45/0.45 25 5 160
Sb/Ni 0.30/0.45 20 10 160
Sb/Co 0.30/0.45 20 10 160
NiCo 0.45/0.45 10 15 160
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