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Study of SHGs of Persons with
Disability in Anantpur district
Based on visit in three Mandals-Parigi, Gorantlaand Madaksira
15-11-2010 to 18-11-2010
Submitted by-
Prabhat Kumar
Sumit Chandra
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Introduction:
Anantpur district has selected for disable activities in the year 2004. At first phase, 5
mandals have selected for this activity in the year 2004 and in second phase, 5 more mandals
added for this activity to address the problems of Disable people though linking them with
different government scheme and provide micro credit for income generation activities to
eradicate poverty among them.
A three days field visit was organized in this district by two members team to understand the
on-going activities, gaps and remaining problems which yet to be addressed. Three Mandals
were selected- Parigi and Gorantala which had started this activity in 2004 and other
Madakashira which had started this activity in the year 2008. Purpose behind selecting old
and new mandals was to understand the impact of this project for addressing the needs of the
disable people.
Objectives:
To understand the difficulties which are faced by people with disability.
To understand the ongoing activities of IKP and its effectiveness to solve theproblems of Disable people.
To find out challenges before the ongoing process which yet to be addressed by
project.
Methodology:
To understand dynamics of the life of disable people, study was conducted at village level.
Three days Information was collected through direct interaction with Project staff at different
levels, beneficiaries and office bearer (OB) of ZVS, MVS and VAS. To understand ground
level impact of this project, team had interaction with beneficiaries at their door step indifferent villages. To understand activity which is address by SADAREM camp, team has
interacted with beneficiaries and doctors team. Team has gone through different records
which are maintained by staff at different level to ensure the quality of information.
List of selected VAS in 3 mandals ofAnantpur:
Mandal Gram Panchayat VAS name
Parigi Kodiginahalli Balaji
Kranthi
Mother Teresa
Gorantala
Gorantala Chanakeswa
Sai Raghvendra
Malasamundram Mother Teresa
Madakashira Madakashira C. Venketashwara Swami
Bullasamudram Sri Shivaji
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Findings of the study:
Our study is based on the discussion with VAS members and project staff. Throughout this
study we got to know the problems which are encountered by disable people and IKP
interventions to address those problems. Here is the list of factors influencing the life of
disable people and their respective solutions by the project -
Factors Sub-factors Problems which are
faced by Disable Person
IKP Activities to
address those
problems
Social
Social exclusion Social needs of person
neglected by society, self
imposed exclusion( avoiding
interaction with people)
To organise them in
VAS, MVS and ZVS.
Education Lack of proper attentionfrom parents, educational
institutions, society and by
disable person itself
Neighbourhood center(NHC), NRBC and other
activities to solve these
problems.
Day-to-day
activities
There is no such effective
process to teach them certain
activities and dependency on
others.
Neighbourhood center
(NHC), NRBC and other
activities to solve these
problems.
Entertainment Limited day-to-day activities
use to keep them away from
social interaction
NHC, Kalajatha teams,
December 1- functions to
promote entertainmentactivities.
Risk at work No safety guidelines or
support provided to them at
work place
Health insurance scheme
like Janashree and
Niramaya.
Encouragement Poor encouragement from
society.
Encouragement from
CBO has create respect
both in family and society
Self-motivation Parents and society mostly
failed to generate faith in
their own capacity since
childhood
Through Institution
building, NHC, NRBC
support and collective
efforts have created self
confidence.
Voice Platform to discuss their
problems were less.
VAS, MVS and ZVS
from village to district
level has helped them to
raise their voice
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Knowledge
sharing
People attitude divides them
from society and keep them
alone
Platform like VAS, MVS
and ZVS meeting has
helped.
Marriage Due to limited livelihood
options and other constraints
unable to find life partner
Marriage incentive and
promotion through CBO.
Talent
development
There was no specific
Platform to develop and
show their talent
Kalajatha team, Early
identification of children
and different support
mechanism and activities
On World disability day
promoting their talent.
Economic
Family condition Poverty, family size, type of
livelihood (daily, monthly,
seasonal), dependency
Micro-credit, job-mela,
EGMM etc
Credit support Notion that disable peopleare unbankable
A
vailability of microcredit through bank
MVS, SHG own fund,
and pensions
Source of income Dependency on other family
members
Availability of micro-
credit for income
generation activities and
pension
Employment
opportunities
Lack of opportunities
keeping in view their special
needs
Proper education,
scholarship and
livelihood information
through CBO like Job
Mela, training
programme has created
opportunity
Asset ownership Deprived from parent
property, land and
partnership
CBO has create
awareness
Poor capital base Less options to decide their
own fate
Micro-credit activities
has helped to create
income generation
activities and capital
Poor health
services
Limited information about
health services, attitude of
doctors, and price of
medicines was a hindrance.
Nutrition food, Linking
with hospitals, services of
Health professionals and
financial support from
MVS has bring change.
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HealthServices
Risk of life Simple health problems also
aggravated due to pre-
existing complexities
Insurance, health
services, and financial
support from CBO.
Aids and
appliances
Availability, maintenance,
and exchange was difficult
Availability on the basis
of disability certificate
and applicationHealth
expenditure
Low income of family,
costly doctor fee, high
operation and medicines
cost
Providing support from
different government
schemes.
Certificate Delay in approval,
commission of middlemen,
acceptability by others
Scheme to provide
certificate (SADAREM),
bus and train pass to all
Insurance Insurance companies are
reluctant to provide full
coverage
Availability of Janashree
and Niramaya
Political
Lack of political
attention
No political representative
has shown interest to their
problems
CBO has helped to get
political attention
Irregularities in
Government
facilities
health camps, aids and
appliances, operation
facilities remains neglected
affair for disable people
With the help of CBO
members are organising
and utilising services
Unorganised
communities
Till now a common voice
against biased treatment
never came by this section
VAS, MVS and ZVS
have organised members
Technology
Lack of
availability
Rural areas are still
untouched from better
agricultural implementations
technology, purified water,
ICT, media & television.
CBO has provide credit
and other support to
reduce unit cost of
technology
Affordability Still technology is out of
reach for poor differently
abled people due to
exclusion
With the help of CBOs
economies of scale can be
achieved
Regular interaction with
community has helped toimprove awareness
Familiarity withtechnical
appliances
Illiteracy, low Englishknowledge, own disability,
low social interaction
mainly responsible
Poor awareness
about rights
(Property, food,
employment, etc.)
In contrast to city dweller, a
person with disability in
village is forced to keep
quiet against deprivation due
Through CBO activities
and regular discussion on
different issues in
meetings
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Legal
to less information and lack
of public support
Guidelines In Govt guidelines on
various issues, concessional
provisions for differentlyabled people are neglected
SERP has address their
problems but yet need to
practice
Right to access
services
In case of denial, delay or
low quality service there is
no desk where people can
get justice soon
Continuous effort
needed
Throughout our interaction with disable CBO we have experienced, this project has created
tremendous change in the life of the differently-able people. Mostly disable peoples were
from POP and poor sections of the society. Their source of income of the family was
dependent on daily wage and it used to vary from month to month up to availability of work
and seasonality. Illiteracy among this community was high.
Member information:
Disability status among members:
VAS Members Disability
Male Female MR PH VI SH
Balaji 8 7 NA NA NA NA
Kranthi 4 10 NA NA NA NA
Mother Teresa 6 6 NA NA NA NA
Chanakeswa 6 3 3 4 2 0
Sai Raghvendra 2 7 1 6 2 0
Mother Teresa 4 7 2 5 1 3
C. Venketashwara Swami 8 2 1 4 3 2
Sri Siva Ji 6 4 1 8 0 1
Turnaround brought by the collective efforts-
a. Social-
There was a time when person with disability was excluded from society. Their contribution
among the society was limited. But intervention through IKP has changed this myth and it
has organised them in the form of VAS, MVS and ZVS. This community based organisation
has helped them to start saving, organise weekly and monthly meeting from village to District
level and share different issues, problems and appropriate solution. Proper help from micro-
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credit has helped them to do future planning and involve themselves into income generation
activities. The incidents of people calling them with their disability, has stopped after this
social change. Now member of VAS are considered into mainstream of the society.
To entertain and create awareness in the community Kalajatha team organise programme at
village. On World disability day, programmes are organised every year to encourage talent of
person with disability.
b. Microcredit:General and loan information of VAS:
VAS Inception No. of
Members
Meetings Monthly
savings
No. of
BL
No. of
CIF
Balaji 5/4/2008 15 Weekly 100 1 2
Kranthi 2/2/2008 14 Weekly 100 2 1Mother Teresa 2/6/2004 12 Weekly 100 2 2
Chanakeswa 2007 9 Weekly 25 2 1
Sai Raghvendra 3/11/2008 10 Weekly 40 1 0
Mother Teresa 6/2/2004 11 Weekly 25 1 2
C. Venketashwara
Swami
17/2/2008 10 Weekly 100 1 0
Sri Siva Ji 2007 10 Monthly 25 4 1
Status of Bank linkage was good in all three Mandals.A
ll the VA
S has got micro-crediteither from Bank or CIF. Groups are able to get next linkage within 10 days after completing
last linkage. Average Bank linkage number was 2 (approximately 1.75) in all studied V AS
with maximum loan amount C3.00 lakh. Similarly, Community Investment fund (CIF)
utilisation was also good. All the studied VAS has maintain regular saving and repayment of
loan.
c. Education Center:For spreading awareness among less privileged children those who are not able to attend
regular school, IKP has introduced Neighbourhood center (NHC) and NRBC (with the help
of Serve Sikasha Abhiyan). Here not only they are learning life skills but also improving theirhealth status through nutrition food and physical activity.
We met MR children Maruthi in Parigi Mandal who was going to NHC. But due to scarcity
of fund their center closed from last 2 weeks. According his sister, she found significant
improvement in his behaviour after attending NHC. Unfortunately in Gorantla and Parigi
Mandal NHC is also closed in last few days due to scarcity of fund as only administrative
fund is available. The project is finding difficult to arrange Rs 14000 as transportation cost
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per month for beneficiaries. The playing and physical exercise appliances are closed in MS
room. In Gorantla Mandal due to lack of storage space, whole material is kept into a small
room where rain water leakage is damaging the materials.
d. Economic:Previously when they were not organised, their credit source was limited. They have nocommunity saving and micro-credit was also limited due to several reasons as bank and other
sources use to consider them unbankable. But now the situation has changed. VAS has own
bank account and they are getting credit support from VAS, Bank and CIF. This credit
support has given new way of thinking about future planning and it has also helped them to
create employment opportunities.
e. Health services:In our country, health service is the big problem from over the years. This problem is more
complicated for vulnerable class of the society. Due to poverty they can not bear the cost of
private hospitals. Due to these reasons most of persons which has curable disease was forcedto live disable entire their life. They were unable to get support which was offered by
government and others were taking benefit.
Through intervention of this project, it has helped them to get certificate and other support.
To reach the beneficiary government has organised SADAREM camp to access disable in
three phases. Presently through Phase-I, they are assessing pension holders amount up to
C500. This is the following chart as on (01/04/2010 to 15/11/2010):
Totalno
.
of
Disabled
pen
sioners
No
.
ofperson
assesse
d
Certificates Issued Rejected Status
Ortho Visual
Hearing
MR MI MD Total
Direct
Rejected
Assessed
&
Rejected
Total
rejected
55830 28554 15855 3160 4128 3876 245 0 27264 1290 3816 5106
This SADAREM camp has helped to assess disable person and provide certificate according
to their disability percentage for life time. This camp also helped to find person who needs
surgery and after that they will start living normal life. Through this camp, doctor team has
found many forgery cases also where people has produced fake certficates.
Other processes are also in practice to solve the problem of disability or reduce the impact.
Kalajatha team is giving message of healthy life through cultural activities at village level.
Early Identification of Disable children help to provide appropriate health services. On
necessity basis, project is helping to provide support like- nutrition food, Aids and
Appliances, health services, insurance (Janashree and Nirmana) and other financial support to
improve the life of differently-able people.
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Conclusion:
Over the years effort, IKP has address key issues. Project is providing sustainable growth
with positive change. It has shown success in bringing tremendous change in perception of
people towards disability and disable person. Confidence among the Disable has helped them
to indulge in several activities to strengthen their life. Through inclusion of disable people
into CBOs, efforts had provided strength to whole community as it has brought a deprivedsection of community into the mainstream.
Issues related with On-going programmes:
1. Bank linkage:
a. Banks are creating problem to provide Bank linkage to VAS member below 18
years age because of not availability of supporting guideline. There is a need to
prepare guideline (according to present problem in Gorantal and Madakasira
mandals).
b. Some of Banks are taking 1% Fixed Deposit of total loan amount (Medakasira
mandal).
c. In Parigi and Gorantla mandals, APGB is creating problem for getting loan in case
of VAS has less than 10 members.
d. Syndicate bank is not providing loan pass book to the groups.
e. Difficulty to get pension on time from Panchayat, sometimes rude behaviour of
Panchayat members
2. Neighbourhood center of 5 mandals (started in year 2008-09) were not functioning
due to scarcity of fund. As per the discussion with DPM-Disability, only
administrative fund is available. But disable children from distant villages are not able
to come because of travelling cost and wage-loss of caretaker.
3. NRBC was running with the fund of Serva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) in 2008-09 but
last one year (2009-10), there was no fund from SSA to run this center. At present
SSA is offering Educational Inclusion Programme, under it NRBC can be linked
with Mandal Education officer to get place in government school and other
administrative cost under this scheme.
4. Effective medical support: Differently-able people require regular health check-up,
treatment, doctors advice and medicine support. For these activities, attitude of
medical staff and sensitisation of project staff is required.
Suggested plan:
y Skill development Programmes: Presently qualified differently-able people are
participating in EGMM and job Mela and getting job as per their skill. Apart from it
we can add some other small entrepreneur development programmes to help them for
better utilisation of micro-credit. These are the following activities-
a. Agricultural Entrepreneurship development- Agricultural and allied activities
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- Animal husbandry
- Poultry etc,
b. Product Entrepreneurship Development- Food Processing & Bakery Products
- Agarbatti making
-
Soft toy making- Dress Designing
- Handicrafts Manufacturing
- Paper Cover, Bag, Envelop & File Making, rope making, etc.
c. Process Entrepreneurship Development- Two Wheeler Servicing
- Domestic Electrical Appliance Repairing, etc.
d. Business Management- How to identify a business?
- Required skill for opening of petty shop, vegetable shop, juice corner, tea
shop, chicken & meat shop and other activities.
- Required skill for on-going business, etc.
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C t t
Name: K. Satyacharana
Age: 18
Family members: 5Education: 11
thclass
Exposure to outside world: Visited Anantpur twice
House: Pukka house (provided under IAY)
K. Sat acharan li wit h hi parent in B llasamundram vil lage of Madakshira
Manda l of Anant pur district. He is youngest among three brothers. In his
chil dhood both of his legs para lyzed due to po li o. Later due to post effect of
po li o bo th of his hand is showing weakness.
Due to effort of his parents he has completed 10th from village school. In school he wasalone because of unable to walk. Compare to other friend he was taking more time to rich
school. Some times with the hel p of parents and other time lonely he was going to school
through sloppy land. In school students use to call
him by his disability rather than his name. In such
severe situation also he didnt stop going to school.
1st
December, 2009 he got tricycle with hel p of
M S. It has hel ped for movement within the
village. But due to weak arms he cant push tricycle
on his own for long distance. In rainy days and
sloppy land he always needs one person to assist
him. College is 6 KMs away from village and it
needs to go by bus or auto but due to travelling
problem he is unable to go regularly.
Livelihoods of the family:
His family doesnt have land to cultivate so they are working
as agriculture labour in others field. Agriculture work
contributes major portion of the livelihood and income from
NR GS contribute 2nd
position. His brothers are unemployed
and forced to work as a labour. He is getting `500/ pension per
month. In 9th
class, he got scholarshi p but in 10th
he didnt
received.
Assets:
1. Agriculture wagelabour
2. NREGS works3. Monthly pension4. Scholarship5. Milch Animal
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Pucca house from I A Y.
One milch animal
Utilisation of Microcredit It has utilised for purchasing of Milching animal,
Medicine, education and consumption purpose of family.
Government schemes:
Membership in institutions :
He is a member of Sri shiva ji VAS in Madaksira MVS. Group has 10 members. It hasincepted 3 years back. VAS has supported to get loans for his family. It has helped to
improve credibility in family.
Socio- economical and political benefit of VAS:
1. Social: VAS is a platform of sharing knowledge and skills. It has brought confidence
among members to come out their homes and understand the outside world.
Previously members were calling him by his disability but after the membership of
VAS, people are calling him by his name. It has also helped to increasing social status
by interacting IKP functionaries.
2. Economical: Microcredit is the major benefit he got from VAS. Previously due to
poverty and disability he and his family were unable to get credit support but now he
is able to get.
3. Political Benefit: Previously disable pensioners were facing irregularity but not it has
changed. Leaders also start to give respect to organized community. Now being the
member of VAS, they are getting call from Panchayat.
S.No From When How much Satisfaction
level
Pension 7 month before Rs500/- per
month
Need more help
PDS Through white
card
30 kg per
month
2 lit kerosene
Satisfied
Subsidised electricity Rs. 60 permonth
satisfied
Drinking water Last year Public tap satisfied
Others Insurance
scheme
Same as JBY Satisfied
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Comparatives analysis of condit ion before and after joining SHG:
Before joining SHG After joining SHG
He dont have any saving mechanism.
No source of loan on his own
Parents used to borrow at high interest
rate
Family only depend on Agriculture
labour.
He doesnt have any voice in society.
He never invests for insuring his life.
Limited place to go
Saving at VAS
Now he has credit source with low interest
rate.
Low interest rate with subsidy
Pension has added one more income
source
Now he can present his views in front of
group members and government officials.
He use to attained VAS meeting and other
activities at MVS.
Futu re plans
Satyacharan is doing 10+2 in commerce. He wants to complete his study like others. He hasconfidence that his grit will bring good results for him.
Case study 2- Maruthi and his sister
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(Parigi mandal is one of the best performing Mandal in disability component. We came across several
exemplary field staff and people with determination who have challenged their disability. Maruthi and his sister
is one of such cases)
In trod ction:
Kodiginahalliis a small village in ParigiMandal. Under poverty alleviation initiatives of IKPthree VAS were formed in village. Maruthiis member of one such VAS named- Balaji. He is
12 year old and mentally retarded. He lives with
his mother and sister. His sister Anusuya is 18
year old. He lost his father 12 years ago before
of heart problem.
Famil Assets: Family dont have own land
and house. They live in a rented house by
paying Rs.500 monthly charge.
Income of the famil :
His mother is
daily wage
earner in
agriculture
and mason activities. She is also enrolled as wage labour
in MNR GS. His sister is working in Neighbourhood
center as Aaya with monthly salary ofC500/-.
Role of Nei hbourhood Center (NHC):
Maruthi has mental disorder since his childhood. Atthe age of 6 years, he started walking. In
the year 2009, he joined NHC atPerigi Mandal. It is 5 km from his village. He is getting
company of his sisterto go school and she is hisbest friend. She explained how afterjoining
NHC behaviour ofMaruthi has improved and he is able to perform his daily activities. Every
morning he eagerly wait for NHC auto which used to pick him up from his house.
Hope ofRay with NHC:
Last weekthe NHC has been closed due to some reason and auto has stopped coming to his
village but like previous week prepares for NHC school time. He regularly askshis mother
and sister- why auto is not coming and I am not going to school. His sister has also lost her
job and monthly income.
Like Maruthithere are many differently disabled children who have ray of hope with NHC.
Shut down of centeris affecting the hope of both children and their parents. Parents are not
able to send their children due to transportation difficulties and its cost and loss of wage. But
stillthey are asking when schoolis going to open?
Agriculture wage
NREGS works
Monthly pension
Sister working as Aaya in
Neighborhood center
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