EVEN IF YOU HAVE IMPLEMENTED CONSERVATION
MEASURES PREVIOUSLY!
Kentucky Energy Management Conference December 7th, 2011
H. Kelly Tisdale C.E.M., LEED AP
Energy Services Division Manager
The Brewer-Garrett Company 1-800-686-6869
Save 25% Off Your Utility Bills
Agenda
The Need to be Green
Measuring Current Consumption
Benchmarking Are you considered efficient or not when compared with similar
Businesses
Assessing Opportunities Rebate Programs
Examine Cost and Savings for Energy Conservation Measures
Lighting, Ventilation, Automation, Boilers, Chillers
Sanity Checks – Are savings projections realistic
New Technologies
Greener than Green
“The least expensive and most environmentally friendly unit of energy is the one that is never needed!”
100 Watt Light Bulb run year round
This represents only about a 50th of what a US household consumes
Today‟s technologies can reduce energy consumption up to 75%
100 Watt Light Bulb
1 MWhr
750 # of Coal
45,000 Cubic Feet (Balloons) of Carbon Dioxide
Reduction in Pollutants for Cuyahoga
Community College
Annual Reduction – 10,074,032 kWh
Greenhouse Gases 10,600 Tons
VOC 262 Pounds
NOX 30 Tons
Carbon Monoxide 2,100 Pounds
SO2 44 Tons
Particulates 2,500 Pounds
Mercury 270,000 Milligrams
Understanding Utility Bills - Electric
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Electric Bill
Air Conditioning
HVAC Fans
Plug Load
Lighting
Understanding Utility Bills - Gas
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Gas Utility - MCF of Gas
Heating
Cooking and Misc.
Hot Water
Measuring Current Consumption
Convert everything to mmBtu…
Gas – Total MCF
MCF = 1 mmBtu
Electricity – Total kWh
1 kWh = 3412 Btu
Divide by 1,000,000 = mmBtu
Example
1000 MCF = 1000 mmBtu
100,000 kWh = 341,200,000 Btu = 341.2 mmBtu
Benchmarking
Know the total square footage for you facility –
(example = 10,000 Utility = $225k mmBtu=1,341)
Calculate mmBtu per square foot
Example
Total mmBtu = 1,341
Total square footage = 10,000
Total mmBtu per square foot = .1341
Benchmarking
Typical mmBtu per square foot
Schools .03 - .08
Universities .10 - .17
Commercial .12 - .15
Industrials .12 - .25
Use EERE at Rutgers
Energy Star
Examining Energy Conservation
Opportunities
Examining Energy Conservation
Opportunities
Rebate Programs
Lighting - Prescriptive Method
Will pay $7 per Lamp for T-12 or $1 per T-8
$50 per HID fixture
Occ. Sensors, Exit Signs, Parking Lots, Exterior, Motors, VFDs, Vending, Cooling, PC Power Management, etc.
- Custom Program
$.08 per kWh and $100 per kW
Includes anything that reduces electrical load that is permanently installed
Process- application, Pre-retrofit survey, Post Application, and Proof
Examine Energy Conservation
Opportunities
Lighting
T-12 to T-8
T-8 to T-8
HID to T- 5
Assume cost at about $1.1 per square foot
Assume savings at $.17 per square foot
Example – 10,000 square foot facility
$11,000 cost
$1,700 annual savings
LED Benefits / Concerns
Operational Savings
Reduced recycling costs, extremely long life, vibration and orientation proof
Energy and HVAC Savings – Up to 50% in some cases
Instant-on capabilities
0-100% dimmability
Color changing
Exceptional lamp lumen depreciation
No UV, No IR, No Mercury
Small size allows for many new designs and ideas from the ground up that could not have been possible before
Drawbacks?
COST!
Glare issues if not properly applied or designed
Established Types of
LED Products
General Illumination Replacements
Incandescent Halogen Downlights Linear
Landscape Architectural Signage Area
Examine Energy Conservation
Opportunities
Ventilation
Nearly 40% of your utility cost can come from
conditioning outdoor air
ASHRAE requirements allow for different control
Potential Savings = .02 mmBtu per square foot
Typically 2 – 4 year payback
Examine Energy Conservation
Opportunities
Building Automation
Savings of 2% to 3% off total Utility
Retro-Commissioning - also 2% to 3%
Cost is Low
Payback typically < 1year to 3 years
Night set-back
Control Strategies
The first HVAC controllers were pneumatic
The use of electromechanical relays in ladder logic, to switch
dampers became standardized
The relays became electronic switches
By 1985, pneumatic control could no longer compete with this
new technology
By the year 2000, computerized controllers were common
Today, some of these controllers can even be accessed by
web browsers and PDAs
Building Automation
„Energy Harvesting Technology‟
Innovative BAS Solutions will..
Preserve existing investments in control and monitoring
devices and integrate them with new standards-based
technologies
Access and control through a standard web browser
Combine information from different systems to support
better overall facility management
Increase flexibility of vendor selection
Lower operational costs, improved facility operations,
reduced energy costs, increased occupant/tenant
satisfaction, and greater control, manageability, and
security of building operations
Examine Energy Conservation
Opportunities
Boilers (15 – 25 year ROI)
Chillers (10 -20 year ROI)
Occupancy Sensors (ventilation)
Rooftops AHU‟s
Processes
Others
Water conservation
Air Dryers
Water Conservation
New fixtures
Save nearly 40% of bill
Cooling Towers
Deduct Meters
Water Cooled Condensers
<1 year to 3 year paybacks
Irrigation
Deduct Meters
Stormwater Management
Retention Ponds / Pervious Surfaces / Gardens
Sample Project
ECM Investment Annual Savings
Lighting $11,000 $1,700
Ventilation $12,500 $3,000
Auto / Cx $ 5,000 $1,500
Mechanicals $15,000 $1,500
Totals $43,500 $7,700
Payback 5.65 years 29% of bill
Sanity Check
< 20% = Very Conservative
20% to 25% = Good Target
25% to 35% = Aggressive Target
> 35% = Caution
SAMPLE CASH FLOW
Financed
Project: $43,500
APR 4.25%
Period - Length 15
Utility Inflation 5%
Total Cash
Flow: $107,525 10 year $55,955
Annual Annual Cumulative
Energy Operational Total Program Auditing Cash Flow Cash Flow
Year Savings + Savings Savings Cost Fee* (Savings-Costs) (Saving - Cost)
1 7,700 1,000 8,700 5,347 0 3,353 3,353
2 8,085 1,050 9,135 5,347 0 3,788 7,141
3 8,489 1,103 9,592 5,347 0 4,245 11,385
4 8,914 1,158 10,071 5,347 0 4,724 16,109
5 9,359 1,216 10,575 5,347 0 5,228 21,337
6 9,827 1,276 11,104 5,347 0 5,756 27,093
7 10,319 1,340 11,659 5,347 0 6,312 33,405
8 10,835 1,407 12,242 5,347 0 6,895 40,299
9 11,376 1,477 12,854 5,347 0 7,507 47,806
10 11,945 1,551 13,497 5,347 0 8,149 55,955
11 12,542 1,629 14,171 5,347 0 8,824 64,779
12 13,170 1,710 14,880 5,347 0 9,533 74,312
13 13,828 1,796 15,624 5,347 0 10,277 84,589
14 14,519 1,886 16,405 5,347 0 11,058 95,647
15 15,245 1,980 17,225 5,347 0 11,878 107,525
NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES
Honeywell Wind Turbine
Bicycle Wheel Design
$5000 on market in June 2011
2kW
2,000 kWh per year
About 225 watts per hour
Cut in Speed < 2 mph
$50M each…already 100 orders
25 MW units (vs. 1000MW Base Load Plant) = 5 New Locomotives
Construction begins in 2013
5,000 to 10,00 homes, 40 year life cycle, safe
Micro Nuclear – Hyperion & Toshiba
Printing Solar Films
Promise of Low Cost = $1 per watt
Increase Efficiencies
Nanosolar
Sprayed on Coatings
Solar Windows
19% Efficiency with potential for 40%
Compared to 6 to 9% from Thin Film
Flexible
Hairy Solar Panels
Solar Panels used for Electrolysis
Hydrogen and Oxygen recombine in Fuel Cell
Heats Domestic Water
Power availability very High – Closed Loop
Solar Power and the Fuel Cell
QUESTIONS?
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