Staphylococcal Food Poisoning By : Komalah Ramakrishnan Malene
Avalee Martina Farirah Nino Rusty Roslee Bachelor of Biomedical
Sciences Clinical Microbiology Management And Science
University
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WHAT IS STAPHYLOCOCCAL FOOD POISONING?? Food-borne intoxication
Often abrupt and severe in onset Occurs usually 2-8 hours after
eating Severe nausea Caused by staphylococcal enterotoxins, protein
exotoxins released during growth of Staphylococcus aureus
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Staphylococcus Aureus Macroscopic - opaque, smooth, circular -
white cream Microscopic - Gram stain - Gram-positive cocci in
clusters
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Origins of S. aureus Primary reservoirs are humans and animals
Carried by up to 50% of humans ( in nostrils, on skin or hair)
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Causes
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Properties of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins Resistant to heat
treatment Stable over a wide pH range Resistant to gastrointestinal
and other proteases
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Properties of Foods Typically Implicated High protein content
Require considerable handling during preparation Left at room
temperature without subsequent cooking and prior adequate
heating
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Common Foods Implicated Meat Poultry Tuna salad Cream
pastries
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Severity of illness depends on.. Amount of contaminated food
eaten Amount of toxin in food ingested General health of the victim
Age of victim
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Mechanism of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins - vomit 1.
Enterotoxins directly affect intestinal epithelium 2. Stimulation
of vagus nerve 3. Transmits signal to the vomitting center in the
brain
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Mechanism of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins Immune response
Staphylococcal penetrate the gut lining Activate local and systemic
immune response Release inflammatory mediators Vomit
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Mechanism of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins - Diarhea
Staphylocaccal Enterotoxins disturb the activity in the large
intestine Water cant be reabsorption in large intestine
Diarrhea
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Complication IV Hydration
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History Chief Concern
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HPI Symptoms develop 1-6 hrs, sometimes within 30 min Food
causing illness not smell bad/spoiled but can produce Enterotoxin
Suggest foodborne outbreak Other symptoms Prolonged diarrhea Bloody
diarrhea Neurologic symptoms
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Physical Assess for dehydration or Hypovolemia Thirst Weight
loss Dry mucous membrane Sunken eyes Decreased skin turgor
Hypotension Tachycardia
Clinical evaluation Based on the clinical history of patient
after eating potentially contaminated food such us: 1.Severe nausea
and Vomiting 2.Diarrhea 3.Abdominal cramps and pain 4.Bloody stool
5.Loss of appetite
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Laboratory evaluation Based on the laboratory test: 1.Gram
stain -Gram positive cocci 2. Stool testing in Staphylococcus
aureus Gastroenteritis.
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PROGNOSIS Symptoms may start up to 6 hours and may last up to 3
days. It may severe in small percentage of patient with low
immunity system.
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Lyrics Buddy u're a young man,dumb man, careless And u're gonna
make someone quite sick someday u got spores on ur plate tey'll
incubate there's trouble if u cross-contaminate microbes tey might
be kill u x2 toilins with the fast food, bad mood,careless i dnt
matter if those burgers stay pink inside serving up a storm wit
coliform 0157's deadly if it dont get warm microbes tey might kill
u x2 sing it microbes tey might kill u x2 we always the targets we
evoke lots of fear bombarded wit chlorine, ph gamma rays to mk us
disappear but we naturally occuring. nature pulls our reins and
when there's trouble we mutate into really virulent strains we are
the microbes, my friend n we keep dividing till the end we r the
microbes x2 no time for chlorine cause we are the microbes in
food
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Reference Maria Angeles Argudin, Maria Carmen Mendoza, Maria
Rosario Rodicio. Food poisoning and staphylococcus aureus
Enterotoxins in Department of Functional Biology (Section of
Microbiology) and University Institute of Biotechnology of Asturias
(IUBA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain Toxins (Basel). 2010
July; 2(7): 17511773.
https://www.inkling.com/read/schaechters-mechanisms-microbial-disease-
5th/chapter-11/the-pathogen-staphylococci
https://www.inkling.com/read/schaechters-mechanisms-microbial-disease-
5th/chapter-11/the-pathogen-staphylococci