SPM 100 SKILLS LAB 5
Pulse Oximetry andCardiac Monitoring
Daryl P. Lofaso, M.Ed, RRTClinical Skills Lab Coordinator
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)
Normal Ranges pH 7.35-7.45 PaCO2 35-45 mmHg
PaO2 80-100 mmHg
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve
Oxygen Transport Dissolved in plasma:
(vol % = 0.0031 (ml O2 /100cm3/mmHg)
x PaO2
Bond to Hemoglobin: 1.34 ml of O2/g of Hb x g of Hb x g of
Hb/100 cm3 x % Saturated
Cyanosis
Approximately 5 g/dl of unoxygenated hemoglobin in the capillaries (> 5 gHb / 100ml of blood)
Hypoxemia: Signs and Symptoms
Tachycardia Tachypnea Mental Status Changes
Changes in Oxygenation
Altitude Hyperbaric Therapy Carbon Monoxide
ECG MonitorLead Placement
Anatomy of Hearts Electrical System
Confirmation of Asystole
Check lead and cable Monitor power Monitor gain Change leads
Cardiac Assessment
Ref: Bates 8ed
Heart Sounds S1: “ lub” occurs at the beginning of
systole (mitral and tricuspid close) S2: “dub” marks the start of diastole,
(aortic and pulmonic close) S3: (ventricular gallop) early signs of CHF
S4: (atrial gallop) pulmonic stenosis, aortic stenosis, hypertension, MI &
cardiomyopathy
Professional Conduct Introduce yourself Explain the procedure / examination to
the patient Ask the patient if they have any
questions Cover the patient with a sheet. Only
expose area examining while performing a procedure/examination