© 2015 Naturalis Biodiversity Center

You are free to share - to copy, distribute and transmit the work, under the following conditions:Attribution: Youmustattributetheworkinthemannerspecifiedbytheauthororlicensor(butnotinanywaythatsuggeststhattheyendorseyouoryouruseofthework).Non-commercial: Youmaynotusethisworkforcommercialpurposes.Noderivativeworks: Youmaynotalter,transform,orbuilduponthiswork.Foranyreuseordistribution,youmustmakecleartoothersthelicensetermsofthiswork,whichcanbefoundathttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode.Anyoftheaboveconditionscanbewaivedifyougetpermissionfromthecopyrightholder.Nothinginthislicenseimpairsorrestrictstheauthor’smoralrights.

Blumea 59, 2015: 180–184www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/blumea http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/000651915X687859RESEARCH ARTICLE

InTRoduCTIon

Traditionally included in PleurothallisR.Br.(Luer1986),thege-nus SpeckliniaLindl.wasre-establishedbyPridgeon&Chase(2001),andhaseversincethen,withsomeexceptions(Luer2006),receivedgeneralacceptancebytheorchidcommunity(Pridgeon2005,Pupulinetal.2012,Bogarínetal.2013,Kar-remansetal.2013).Speciesinthegenusarerecognisedbythe tiny habit with ramicauls shorter than the leaf, obtuse petals, a ligulate lip, prominent column wings and naked pollinia that lackcaudicles(Karremans2014).About100speciesarerecognisedinthegenus(Karremans,inprep.).ItisdistributedfromMexico,throughCentralAmerica,southwardsintoBoliviaandBrazil,andtheAntilles.Specklinia grobyi(BatemanexLindl.)F.Barrosisperhapsthebestknown,most widely distributed and most variable species within the genus.Manyof itsmorphological or geographical ‘variants’havebeennamed,howeverthedifficultyofclearlydelimitingthose entities has led authors to prefer a broad circumscription of S. grobyi.ItisthusbestreferredtoastheS. grobyi species complex(Luer2006).Withinthe‘grobyi’complextherearenonethelessseveralmor- phologicallydiscrete,well-recognisableandacceptedspecies.Specklinia digitalis(Luer)Pridgeon&M.W.ChaseandS. pisinna (Luer)Solano&SotoArenasfromnorthernCentralAmericaaregoodexamples.Bothareeasilydistinguishedfromtheircloserelativesbythetinyhabit(plantsunder3cmtall),withsuborbicular leaves, spotted with purple abaxially, the relatively elongate, racemose, multi-flowered inflorescence with a single flower open at a time, the conspicuous thickening of the apex of the dorsal sepal, and the ligulate, unlobed, mostly inornate lip, whichisshallowlydepressedinthemiddle.Athirdspecieswiththese general morphological features was described recently from the French Guyana as Specklinia succulentaBellone&

Archila.HereweformallydescribeafourthspecieswithintheS. digitalisgroup,withinthe‘grobyi’complex,fromNicaraguaandCostaRica.

TAXonoMY

Specklinia lugduno-batavaeKarremans,Bogarín&Gravend.,sp. nov.—Fig.1,2a

Etymology.ThenamehonourstheAcademiaLugdunoBatava,nowadaysLeidenUniversity,anditsHortusAcademicusLugduno-Batavus,thecurrentHortusbotanicusLeiden(Fig.5).

The species is similar to Specklinia pisinna but can be distinguished by the prostratehabit(vserecthabit),shorterleaves(upto8vs11mmlong),theflexuousinflorescencewithupto6flowers(vsstraightandcontainingupto3flowers),thecreamy-whiteflowers(vsheavilysuffusedandstripedwithpurple)andtheshorterlip(upto1.6vs2.3mm).Specklinia digitalis is also similarbutthenewspeciescanbedistinguishedbytheshorterleaves(4–8vs12–15mm), theshorter inflorescence(up to1.5vsup to15cm), theshortersepals(3–4vs5mmlong),theligulatetonarrowlyellipticpetals(vsobovate)andtheshorterlip(1.5–1.6vs2mmlong).—Typus:F. Pupulin, B. Arias, D. Bogarín & C. Ossenbach 7709(holoJBL-spirit;D5055),CostaRica,Heredia,Sarapiquí,Horquetas,unpavedroadtoRaraAvis,c.km6,N10°20'40.2"W83°59'30.3",200m,9April2009.

Epiphytic, caespitose, prostrate to sub-erect herb to 1 cm tall, excludingtheinflorescence.Rootsfibrous,flexuous,glabrous.Stem abbreviated, terete-cylindric, to 1–2 mm long, monophyl-lous,completelyconcealedbypapyraceous,sheaths.Leaves coriaceous,suborbiculartobroadlyelliptic,4–8by3–6mm,denselyspottedwithpurpleabaxially.Inflorescence borne lat-erally from the apex of the stem, without an annulus, an erect, flexuous, distichous, successively flowered raceme, with 1–2 flowersopenatonce,producingupto6flowersperinflores-cence,up to15–20mmlong;pedunclecylindric, to15mmlong.Floral bracts infundibuliform, broadly ovate, acute, 1 mm long.Pedicel cylindric, glabrous, persistent, 2 mm long includ-ingthesubclavateovary.Flowers whitish cream, immaculate to slightlybrownishstainedalongthesepalveins.Sepals fleshy, glabrous;dorsalsepalelliptic,3-veined,acute,4.0by2.1–2.3mm;lateralsepalscompletelyfusedintoanellipticsynsepal,4-veined,4.0–4.5by3mm.Petals ligulate to narrowly elliptic, obtuse,2.1–2.2by0.9–1.0mm,1-veined.Lip ligulate, longitudi-nally slightly arched-convex in natural position, thinly articulate

1 LankesterBotanicalGarden,UniversityofCostaRica,P.O.Box302-7050Cartago,CostaRica;

corresponding author e-mail: adam.karremans@ucr.ac.cr.2 NaturalisBiodiversityCenter,Leiden,TheNetherlands.3 HerbarioUCH,UniversidadAutónomadeChiriquí0427,David,Chiriquí,Panama.

4 FacultyofScience,LeidenUniversity,TheNetherlands.

Specklinia lugduno-batavae (Pleurothallidinae: Orchidaceae), a new species in the S. digitalis groupA.P.Karremans1,2,D.Bogarín1,3,B.Gravendeel 2,4

Key words

Costa RicaNicaraguaSpecklinia digitalisSpecklinia lugduno-batavaeSpecklinia pisinnaSpecklinia succulenta

Abstract Specklinia lugduno-batavae from the Caribbean lowlands of Nicaragua and Costa Rica is formally describedandillustrated.ThenewspeciesbelongstotheSpecklinia digitalis group and can be recognised by the creeping habit, purple spotted abaxial surface of the leaf and the almost immaculate whitish cream flowers, which are producedinsuccessiononaveryshort,flexuousinflorescence.ThenamehonoursLeidenUniversityandtheHortusbotanicusLeiden.Thenoveltyiscomparedwithitsclosestrelatives,Specklinia digitalis, S. pisinna and S. succu- lenta.

Published on9March2015

181A.P.Karremansetal.:Specklinia lugduno-batavae

with the column foot by a hyaline claw, obtuse, longitudinally depressedinthemiddle,1.5–1.6by0.7–0.8mm.Column slight- lyarched,terete-slenderatthebase,1.6–1.8mmlongwithoutthe foot, provided with low, broad membranous wings at the apex; column foot inconspicuous.Anther cap deeply cucul-late,ovate,2-celled.Pollinia 2, obovate-complanate, minutely hookedatthebase,lackingcaudicles.Thedescriptionisbasedon Pupulin 7709, Pupulin 7710 and Bogarín 6761. Distribution&Ecology—Thespeciesisknownonlyfromthe tropical wet forest of the Caribbean lowlands occurring in NicaraguaandCostaRicaatelevationsbetween200–350m.

Additional material examined.Costa RiCa,Heredia,Sarapiquí;OET,LaSelva,Surátrail,350m,R. Aguilar 8729(LSCR),16Apr.2004;CEStrail,O. Vargas 1264(LSCR),13June2005;UnpavedroadtoRaraAvis,c.km6,N10°20'40.2"W83°59'30.3",200m,F. Pupulin, B. Arias, D. Bogarín & C. Ossenbach 7707(JBL-spirit;D3465),9Apr.2009;F. Pupulin et al. 7708 (JBL-spirit;D3752),9Apr.2009;F. Pupulin et al. 7710(JBL-spirit;D3126), 9Apr.2009;D. Bogarín, B. Arias, C. Ossenbach & F. Pupulin 6761(JBL-spirit;D2921;Fig.2b),9Apr.2009.

Photographic images studied.NiCaRagua,RefugiodeVidaSilvestreLosGuatusos,photographedbyFabricioDíazSantos(photographicvoucher,108in‘OrquídeasdelRíoSanJuan‘DíazSantos(2010));GuatusosReserve,photographedbyDickCulbert(digitalvoucher,www.dixpix.ca/meso_america/Flora/orchids/052_platystele.html).

Fig. 1 Specklinia lugduno-batavaeKarremans,Bogarín&Gravend.a.Habit;b.flower;c.dissectedperianth;d.columnandlip,lateralview;e.column,ventralview;f.anthercapandpollinia(allPupulin 7709,JBL-spirit).—DrawnbyD.BogarínandinkedbyL.Oses.

1 cm

1 mm

3 mm

3 mm

0.5 mm

1 mm

c

b

d

a

e

f

182 Blumea–Volume59/3,2015

Fig. 2 Specklinia lugduno-batavaeKarremans,Bogarín&Gravend.a.Close-uponaflower;b.showingthehabit(a.Pupulin 7709;b.Bogarín 6761, both JBL-spirit)—Photosby:a.A.P.Karremans;b.D.Bogarín.

Fig. 3 The close relatives of Specklinia lugduno-batavaeKarremans,Bogarín&Gravend.a,b.Specklinia digitalis (Luer)Pridgeon&M.W.Chase;c,d.Specklinia pisinna(Luer)Solano&SotoArenas;e,f.Specklinia succulentaBellone&Archila(a,b.Karremans 5737,L-spirit;c,d.Karremans 4797,L-spirit;e,f.Bellone 680,LY).—Photosby:a–d.W.Driessen;e,f.G.Chiron(reproducedwiththeirkindpermission).

183A.P.Karremansetal.:Specklinia lugduno-batavae

Fig. 4 Specklinia pisinna(Luer)Solano&SotoArenas.a.Habit;b.leafandinflorescence;c.flower;d.dissectedperianth;e.columnandlip,lateralview; f.lip;g.column,ventralview;h.anthercapandpollinia(allKarremans 4749,L-spirit).—DrawnbyE.Winkel.

1 cm

1 mm

0.5 mm

1 mm

1 mm

1 mm

1 mm

c

b

d

a

g

h

e

f

184 Blumea–Volume59/3,2015

AcknowledgementsWeareverythankfultoJacoKruizingaandRogiervanVugtoftheHortusbotanicusinLeidenwhocultivatedandphotographedthe material of S. pisinna, of which Esmée Winkel prepared a superb illus-tration.LizbethOsesinkedthedrawingofthetypespecimenofSpecklinia lugduno-batavae.WielDriessenprovidedplantmaterialandphotographsof S. digitalis and S. pisinna.GuyChironwaskindenoughtoprovidetheillustration and photographs of S. succulenta.WeowetheillustrationoftheHortusbotanicusLeidentoCarlosOssenbach.WeareverythankfulforthecommentsofFrancoPupulinandMelaniaFernández,whichimprovedthemanuscript.WearealsoindebttotheVice-PresidencyofResearchoftheUniversityofCostaRicaforprovidingsupportthroughtheprojects‘FilogeniamoleculardelasespeciesdeOrchidaceaeendémicasdeCostaRica’(814-B1-239) and ‘Taxonomía, filogeniamolecular, aislamiento reproductivo ydiferenciacióndenichosdeSpeckliniaendotrachys’(814-B3-075).

REFEREnCES

BoerhaaveH.1710.IndexPlantarumHortiLugdunoBatavi.CorneliusBou-tenstein,Leiden.

BogarínD,KarremansAP,RincónR,etal.2013.AnewSpecklinia(Orchi-daceae:Pleurothallidinae)fromCostaRicaandPanama.Phytotaxa115,2:31–41.

KarremansAP.2014.Lankesteriana,anewgenusinthePleurothallidinae(Orchidaceae).Lankesteriana13,3:319–332.

KarremansAP,PupulinF,GravendeelB.2013.Taxonomy,molecularphylo-genetics,reproductiveisolation,andnichedifferentiationoftheSpeckliniaendotrachysspeciescomplex(Orchidaceae:Pleurothallidinae).Lankes-teriana13,1–2:132–133.

LuerCA. 1986. IconesPleurothallidinarum III.Systematicsof thegenusPleurothallis(Orchidaceae).MonographsinSystematicBotany,MissouriBotanicalGarden20.

LuerCA. 2006. IconesPleurothallidinarumXXVIII. Reconsideration ofMasdevallia,and thesystematicsofSpeckliniaandvegetativelysimilargenera(Orchidaceae).MonographsinSystematicBotany,MissouriBo-tanicalGarden105.

PridgeonAM.2005.SubtribePleurothallidinae.In:PrigeonAM,CribbPJ,ChaseMW,etal.(eds),GeneraOrchidacearum.Vol.4Epidendroideae,part1:319–422.OxfordUniversityPress,NewYork.

PridgeonAM,ChaseMW.2001.AphylogeneticreclassificationofPleuro-thallidinae(Orchidaceae).Lindleyana16,4:235–271.

PupulinF,KarremansAP,GravendeelB. 2012.A reconsiderationof theempusellous species ofSpecklinia (Orchidaceae:Pleurothallidinae) inCostaRica.Phytotaxa63:1–20.

Note—Theshortplantupto1cmtall,thesuborbicularleafwith purple spots on the abaxial surface, the flexuous, succes- sive racemose inflorescence with a single flower open at a time, the conspicuous thickening of the apex of the dorsal sepal, and the ligulate, unlobed, mostly inornate lip, which is shal-lowly depressed longitudinally in the middle places Specklinia lugduno-batavae in the S. digitalisspeciesgroup(Fig.3).Thefew tiny flowers and short inflorescence are similar to that of S. pisinna(Fig.4),aspeciesknowntooccurinMexico,Gua-temalaandHonduras.However,thenewspeciescanbedis-tinguishedbytheprostratehabit(vserecthabit),withshorterleaves,upto8mmlong(vs11mm),theflexuousinflorescencecontainingupto6flowers(vsstraight,containingupto3flow-ers),thecreamy-whiteflowers(vsheavilysuffusedandstripedwithpurple)andtheshorter lip(upto1.6vs2.3mm).FromtheMexicanendemicS. digitalis, it can be distinguished by the smallerprostratehabitwithshorterleaves,4–8mmlong(vs12–15mm)andshorterinflorescence(upto2vs15cmlong)theligulatetonarrowlyellipticpetals(vsobovate).Specklinia succulenta from French Guyana is also similar, but the new speciescanbedistinguishedbytheprostratehabit(vserect),theshort inflorescence (up to2vs10cm long), thewhitishcreamflowers(vsgreenishyellow)andtheimmaculatelip(vsalipwithtwopurplestripes).

Fig. 5HortusAcademicusLugduno-Batavusas depicted inBoerhaave(1710).