Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit Diabetes Health
Status Report ______Site Name_________ Health Outcomes and Care
Given to Patients with Diabetes Information from the Annual Indian
Health Service Diabetes Audit Makah couple
Slide 2
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit
Slide 3
Age is a risk factor for Type 2 Diabetes. Type 2 Diabetes was
diagnosed predominately in patients age 40 and older. Today, young
adults (30-35) are the fastest growing group of Type 2
Diabetes.
Slide 4
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit Type 1 Diabetes-
Immune- mediated form of diabetes. The body produces no insulin at
all due to islet cell destruction. Type 2 Diabetes-Caused by a
combination of insulin resistance and insulin deficiency.
Gestational Diabetes- Diabetes associated with pregnancy.
Pre-Diabetes (also called Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT)-Pre-
diabetic state marked by elevated blood sugar. People with IGT are
at high risk for progression to Type 2 Diabetes.
Slide 5
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit Diabetes can be
effectively treated and controlled. The duration of diabetes is
related to complications such as kidney disease, cardio vascular
disease, and amputation. Intensive treatment can reduce the risk of
complications of diabetes.
Slide 6
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit Obesity and
physical inactivity are associated with the development of Type 2
Diabetes. Adopting habits that control weight and increasing
exercise has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of
developing diabetes. Minimal weight loss of just 10-20 pounds can
improve blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol in patients
with Type 2 Diabetes.
Slide 7
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit As a patient's
Hemoglobin A1c (A1c) becomes elevated, the risk of complications
increases. A1c estimates the average degree of glycemic control
over a period of time. A1c should be monitored at 3-4 month
intervals for those with elevated levels (HbA1C >7.0%).
Slide 8
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit The target Blood
Pressure (BP) for patients with diabetes is < 130/85. High BP
increases the risk of heart disease and renal failure in Type 2
Diabetes.
Slide 9
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit Tobacco abuse is
the primary preventable risk for cardiovascular disease, which is
the leading cause of death in diabetes.
Slide 10
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit Over time,
smoking damages the blood vessels. When coupled with excessive
glucose in the blood, the effect can be devastating.
Slide 11
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit
Slide 12
Aspirin is used as a primary and secondary treatment strategy
to prevent cardiovascular events, regardless of disease status. Men
and women with diabetes have a 2-4 fold increase at risk of dying
from complications of cardiovascular disease.
Slide 13
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit ACE Inhibitors
are medications that prevent kidney damage and are prescribed to
patients with diabetes. Treatment with ACE Inhibitors have been
shown to delay the progression from Microalbuminuria to Proteinuria
in patients with diabetes. Ace Inhibitors are commonly prescribed
to patients with hypertension as well.
Slide 14
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit Optimal LDL
cholesterol levels for adults with diabetes are
Slide 15
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit Screening for
foot problems, vision problems, and dental problems occur more
frequently for patients with diabetes. Diabetics patients need
these exams at least once a year.
Slide 16
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit Medical
nutrition, therapy, and exercise are the primary treatment
strategies for Type 2 Diabetes. All patients with diabetes and
their families should have diabetes self- management education
every year.
Slide 17
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit Diabetic patients
should have a flu vaccine and pneumovax every year. Yearly
re-vaccination for flu is recommended to provide up-to-date
protection. The pneumovax vaccine is necessary at least once and
may need a booster, according to physician discretion.
Slide 18
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit Protein appearing
in the urine is an indication of kidney disease.
Slide 19
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit People with Type
2 Diabetes who have Microalbuminuria are more likely to have a
heart attack or stroke. Treatment with ACE Inhibitors slows the
deterioration of kidney function in diabetes.
Slide 20
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit Blood creatinine
is a measure of renal function. Patients with diabetes are at risk
for renal disease. This test is to be performed annually.
Slide 21
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit Risk factors for
Arteriosclerosis include: Total Cholesterol 100 HDL
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit All patients with
LDL >100 require medical nutrition, therapy, and lifestyle
modifications. Pharmacological intervention is recommended if
dietary interventions and lifestyle modifications are ineffective
in lowering LDL to less than 100.
Slide 23
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit Risk factors for
arteriosclerosis include: Total Cholesterol 100 HDL
Source: Site Name and Year IHS Diabetes Audit Risk factors for
Arteriosclerosis include: Total Cholesterol 100 HDL