© Fraunhofer ISE
Solar Process Heat: Prospects & Challenges
Pedro Horta
Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE
27.02.2018, CSP Markets, System Value & Financing, Dubai
www.ise.fraunhofer.de
Beyond electricity: Opportunities for CSH for heat & steam generation in industry
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SectorsHeat for Industrial Processes
Heat related Final Energy Consumption (FEC) in industry [1] comparable to Transport or Building sectors. Distribution: Energy-Intensive (EI) sectors 54%, Non-EI 46%
[1] Adapted from IEA - International Energy Agency (2014). Statistics: Energy Balance Flows. http://www.iea.org/statistics/
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Suitable Solar Thermal technologies Heat for Industrial Processes
Solar collector technology vs. required process temperature
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Dilemma: less resistance to integration at supply level vs. lower temperatures in integration at process level
Design procedures Solar integration
80°C-120°C
15°C-30°C
P1160°C
P280°C
P350°C
50°C-90°C
160°C-180°C
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0°C
-13
0°C
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Temperature levelsHeat for Industrial Processes
Heat requirements in industry occur at different temperature levels in different sectors [2]: ~ 50% HT; ~ 50% MT + LT
[2] International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), calculations by Deger Saygin based on IEA source [2] (2014)
EI sectors
HT (>400°C)42,5 EJ
MT (150°c-400°C)18,1 EJ
LT (<150°C)24,5 EJ
EI
Non-EI
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SHIP systems database [3]: 213 projects listed, 129 MWth installed capacity (0.18 million m2) < 1% installed solar thermal capacity
Existing projects Market penetration
[3] AEE-INTEC, 2013. Database for applications of solar heat integration in industrial processes. http://ship-plants.info/ (2013-2016). Accessed February 2017[4] SOLRICO, Bärbel Epp, 2017. Solar Process Heat: Surprisingly popular. Sun&Wind Energy. http://www.sunwindenergy.com/topic-of-the-month/solar-process-heat-surprisingly-popular (online 14.02.2017)
• Mostly small/medium size systems (<500 m2)
• Largest capacity in large systems (>1000 m2)
• Stationary technologies dominate in nr. systems andcapacity
[3]
• Recent survey [6] points out > 500 SHIP systems with total installed capacity > 280 MWth (0.4 million m2)
[4]
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Tracking technologies
Existing projects Examples tracking
[5] http://www.industrial-solar.de/content/en/referenzen/fresnel-kollektor/[6] http://ship-plants.info/solar-thermal-plants/155-dairy-plant-el-indio-mexico?collector_type=5
Dairy El Indio, MexicoParabolic TroughAperture: 132 m2Application: Make-up water pre-heatingOper. Temp.: 95°CCommissioning : 2012
© Inventive Power S.A. de C.V. [6]
Services MTN Johanesburg, S.AfricaLinear FresnelAperture: 396 m2Application/End Use: Air conditioningOper. Temp.: 180°CCommissioning : 2014
© Industrial Solar [5]
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Tracking technologies
Existing projects New applications
[7] MIT, 2016. Technology Review, Arab Edition. http://technologyreview.me/en/energy/oman-explores-solar-powered-oil-recovery/[8] https://www.glasspoint.com/
© Industrial Solar
Miraah Solar EOR Pilot Project, Amal, OmanParabolic Trough in greenhouseStatus: Delivered first steam (Pilot), construction ongoingPilot: 6 ton steam / dayFull-scale: 1.0 GWth, 6,0 ktons steam/day, 3 km2 (1.9 aper)
[7,8]
© Petroleum Development Oman / Glasspoint
[9] http://www.aalborgcsp.com/
Sundrop Farms Project, Port Augusta, AustraliaCentral Receiver, 51 505 m2 apertureSolar driven cogeneration: (1,7 Gwhe + 20 GWhth)/year
© AALBORG CSP [9]
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Challenges Learning curve and technology costs
The successful story of PV [9]
[9] adapted from Navigant Consulting; EUPD PV module prices (since 2006), Graph: ISE 2014
Each doubled installed capacity stood for
20 % technology cost reduction
A factor 10 in 25 years!
CSPSHIP
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Challenges Current technology costs
Current cost range and NG benchmarking
[14, 16] adapted from Database for applications of solar heat integration in industrial processes. http://ship-plants.info/ (2013-2016). AEE-INTEC. Accessed February 2017[15] adapted from Stryi-Hipp, G. et al., 2012. Strategic Research Priorities for Solar Thermal Technology. Renewable Heating and Cooling – European Technology platform and World Bank, 2016. Commodity Markets, Price forecasts and Annual prices. http://www.worldbank.org/en/research/commodity-markets.print. Online October 2016
[14]
[15]
[16]
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Challenges Current technology costs
Current cost range and NG benchmarking
[10]
[11]
[12]
[10,12] adapted from Database for applications of solar heat integration in industrial processes. http://ship-plants.info/ (2013-2016). AEE-INTEC. Accessed February 2017[11] adapted from Stryi-Hipp, G. et al., 2012. Strategic Research Priorities for Solar Thermal Technology. Renewable Heating and Cooling – European Technology platform and World Bank, 2016. Commodity Markets, Price forecasts and Annual prices. http://www.worldbank.org/en/research/commodity-markets.print. Online October 2016
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Prospects
Heat supply to industry standsworldwide for a very large market
There is political pressure and drivetowards industrial decarbonisation
Available Solar Thermal technologiessuit 50% of these heat requirements (LT, MT)
CSP companies acknowledge this marketand are already moving towards it
Conclusions Prospects and Challenges
Challenges
Point-focus technologies addressing HT processes
Balance of Plant concepts and integration on steamnetworks
Lighter hidraulic costs and requirements
Centralized storage and heat supply systems
Hybridized concepts towards full decarbonisation
Connection to electric grid and district heatingnetworks
Shift investment assessment from Payback to NPV approach third-party financing
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Thank you for your attention!
Fraunhofer-Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE
Pedro [email protected]
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