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Non Destructive Testing Techniques
Using Conventional & Nuclear
Methods
Dr. GUVEN
Aerospace Engineer (P.hD)
Nuclear Science and Technology Engineer
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Need for Testing One of the unavoidable things in engineering is the
quality control of components or structures after they
have been constructed and used.
You will want to know that a bridge, a civil structure, a
plane, a car, or a pipeline that has been functional foryears is still safe or not.
However, you need to do this without creating anynegative effect on the structure or component.
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What is Non Destructive Testing?
Nondestructive testing
(NDT) is a group of analysis
techniques that are used in
science and industry to
evaluate the properties of a
material, component or
system without causingdamage to the object that is
being inspected.
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The Advantages of Non Destructive
Testing
NDT does not permanently alter the articlebeing inspected. Hence, the material that is
being tested is preserved.
NDT it is a highly-valuable technique that can
save both money and time in product
evaluation, troubleshooting, and research
NDT is one of the best suitable methods inanalyzing the effects of aging in mechanical orcivil structures
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Hi Tech NDT
Especially in a age where high tech components arebeing built, NDT has become mandatory.
Especially in the analysis of hi tech aerospace
components, as well as nuclear power plants, using
NDTmay be your only option
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Types of NDT Methods
Ultrasonic
Magnetic Particle
Liquid Penetration
Eddy Current Testing
Nuclear Methods
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Historical Sample Application of NDT NDT has been used in our daily lives for almost a
century in medical sciences.
Anytime, you take a X Ray or MRI, you are actuallyusing a NDT on your body. Otherwise, they would
have to open your body every time a diagnosis isneeded.
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Ultrasonic NDT Methods
In ultrasonic NDT, acoustic waves aretransmitted through the component or
structure in order to get an acoustic imaging
of the item.
This method is quite similar to ultrasound
testing done during pregnancy to determinethe health and the image of the baby.
Unlike sonar, it is the penetration of the soundwaves which creates the image.
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Ultrasonic NDT Application Areas
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Ultrasonic NDT Methods Ultrasonic microscopy can be successfully used for
local elastic property measurement, crack sizedetermination , as well as for interfacial damage inmaterials.
Evaluation of high temperature materials becomesmore easy with metal matrix composites.
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Ultrasonic NDT Examples
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Ultrasonic NDT Examples
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Ultrasonic NDT Areas
In applications where cyclic loading isexpected and where life management is
required, consideration must be given to the
behavior of the material in the vicinity of
stress risers such as notches and holes
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Liquid Penetration Methods With liquid penetration methods, you allow the
liquid to penetrate the surface of the structure.
If there are any mini cracks on the surface of the
item, the liquid will penetrate the through the
micro crack. Once you expose the surface toultraviolet light, any cracks will show luminescous.
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Applications of Liquid Penetration
Testing
For each type of material, special liquids may exist so that it
can penetrate the source through micro cracks.
This testing is done in aeronautics as well as mechanical
engineering on surface items.
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Liquid Penetration NDT Examples
Especially in structures containing elbows, itcan be a good idea to use liquid penetration
method to test for cracks.
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Liquid Penetration Images
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Eddy NDT Testing
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Magnetic Methods The structure or the component that is being
tested is exposed to magnetic currents. Thepart becomes magnetized as a result. Thevariations in the structure will create
discontinuity in the magnetic field.
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Types of Nuclear NDT
Radiography Methods Using X Rays
NDTUsing Gamma Rays
NDTUsing Neutrons
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X Ray NDT Just like a chest X
ray, the same
method is used to
send x rays from
excited electronsinto a solid body.
As a result,
impression of theinternal structure
is formed.
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Applications ofX Ray NDT X Ray Radiography is commonly used in testing
electronic components during assembly and also
after installation to test for defects.
X-
ray radiograph of a potted voltage multiplier assembly showing an air pocket (the whitearea) trapped under the printed circuit board.
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Gamma Ray NDT
Gamma Rays are used to determine the depthas well as any fluctuations in the internal
structure
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Neutron Bombardment NDT
This method is mainly used to understand thecomposition of unknown material.
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Neutron Bombardment NDT
Another way it is used is that, neutron
radiography is a relatively new and unexploited
technique.
It can be extremely powerful, solving some
production problems that no other NDT
procedure can.
Neutron radiography has the invaluable ability
to view low atomic number materials (such as
plastics and lubricants)inside high atomic
number materials (such as steel and lead)
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Neutron Bombardment NDT
Neutron radiograph of a small step motor. Notice the plastic bobbins are clearly
visible inside the steel motor housing. This image would be impossible to obtain
using X-rays.
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General NDT Examples
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General NDT Examples
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General NDT Examples
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Structural NDT Testing Example
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Aerospace NDT
During the assembly of aircraft and satellites, NDTtechniques are used widely to help determine
manufacturing errors.
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THANK
YOU
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