Scientific Method
The way scientists investigate the natural world and propose explanations based on the evidence they gathered.
State the Problem Usually begins by asking a question
about an observation. The reason for doing the investigation.
Ex- Do crickets chirp more when the temperature is higher?
Gather Information Make observations. Research your problem.
Ex- It seems like crickets chirp more in the summer when it is hotter.
Form a Hypothesis An educated guess that provides a
possible explanation to the problem. Must be testable!
Ex- If I increase the temperature, the crickets will chirp more.
Perform an Experiment Design a controlled experiment to test
your hypothesis with only one manipulated variable.
Ex- I will observe and record the chirping behavior of crickets at different temperatures.
Variables (factors that can change)
Manipulated Variable: a variable that is purposely changed
Responding Variable: also called the dependent variable, this is the factor that changes in response to the manipulated variable
Controlled Experiment: an experiment where all factors but one are the same
Ex- temperature
Ex- chirping
Ex- everything is the same except temperature
Collect and Analyze Data Observe and make measurements Create graphs, charts, or data tables
Cricket 15 deg. C 20 deg. C 25 deg. C
1 91 135 180
2 80 124 169
3 89 130 176
4 78 125 158
5 77 121 157
Average 83 127 168
Ex- Data Table for Number of Chirps per Minute
Develop a Conclusion Use your data to prove or disprove your
hypothesis
Ex- Cricket chirping does increase with temperature!
Repeat the Work
To make sure you did the experiment correctly.
To test another variable To test another hypothesis
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