HUMAN LANDING ON THE MOON &

SATELLITES LAUNCHED BY

INDIA

HUMAN LANDING ON THE MOON

On July 20, 1969, Commander Neil Armstrong became the first man on the moon. He said the historic words, "One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.“To walk on the moon's surface, the astronauts needed to wear a space suit with a back mounted, portable life support system. This controlled the oxygen, temperature and pressure inside the suit.

THE LAST TWO PEOPLE TO LAND ON THE MOON WERE COMMANDER EUGENE A. CERNAN AND HARRISON H. SCHMITT. DURING THE US APOLLO 17 MISSION, THEY LANDED ON 11 DECEMBER 1972, AND STAYED FOR ABOUT 3 DAYS.

MOST RECENT MOON LANDING

DRIVING ON THE MOON

In later moon landings, the astronauts used the Lunar Rover vehicle to help explore more of the moon's surface.

UNMANNED LANDINGS

Since the Soviet Union first succeeded in implementing the concept in 1966, this term referred to 18 spacecraft landings on the Moon up to 1976. The USSR was first to accomplish a lunar hard landing (impact). The United States was behind in matching this achievement. The USSR was also first to succeed in a soft landing, enabling the gathering of scientific data from the surface.

Again the US was behind in matching that. Since this was during the time of the Cold War, the contest to be the first on the Moon was one of the most visible facts of the Space Race.The Soviet Union later achieved sample returns via the unmanned Luna 16, Luna 20 and Luna 24 Moon landings. Luna 17 and Luna 21 were successful rover missions. In more recent years, Japan, Europe, India and China have all achieved successful lunar hard landing missions.

MANNED LANDING

The human race has had a total of twelve people walk on the Moon. This was accomplished with two US pilot-astronauts flying a Lunar Module on each of six NASA missions across a 41-month time span starting over four decades ago on July 20, 1969, with Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin on Apollo 11 (with Armstrong being first to step foot on the surface), and ending on December 14, 1972 with Gene Cernan and Jack Schmitt on Apollo 17 (with Cernan being the last to step off the lunar surface). All Apollo lunar missions had a third crew member who remained onboard the Command Module. The last three missions had a rover to drive around for increased mobility.

THERE HAVE BEEN SIX MANNED MOON LANDINGS :-APOLLO 11 LANDED 20 JULY 1969APOLLO 12 LANDED 19 NOVEMBER 1969APOLLO 14 LANDED 5 FEBRUARY 1971APOLLO 15 LANDED 30 JULY 1971APOLLO 16 LANDED 20 APRIL 1972APOLLO 17 LANDED 11 DECEMBER 1972

SATELLITE

THE INDIAN GOVERNMENT IS GOING TO LAUNCH AROUND 7 SATELLITES BY 2010. THE INDIAN GOVERNMENT WANTS TO DEVELOP ITS OWN GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS). NOW THE GPS IS UNDER THE CONTROL OF U.S.GOVERNMENT,IT HAS AROUND 20 SATELLITES OF ITS OWN. THE RUSSIAN GOVERNMENT HAS AROUND 24 SATELLITES.

HERE ARE

FOLLOWING

SATELLITES

LAUNCHED BY

(INDIAN SPACE

RESEARCH

ORGANISATION)I

SRO

1.ARYABHATADATE-19.04.1975 FIRST INDIAN SATELLITE. PROVIDED TECHNOLOGICAL EXPERIENCE IN BUILDING AND OPERATING A SATELLITE SYSTEM. LAUNCHED BY RUSSIAN LAUNCH VEHICLE INTERCOSMOS.

2.BHASKARA-IDATE- 07.06.1979 FIRST EXPERIMENTAL REMOTE SENSING SATELLITE. CARRIED TV AND MICROWAVE CAMERAS. LAUNCHED BY RUSSIAN LAUNCH VEHICLE INTERCOSMOS.

3.BHASKARA-IIDATE-20.11.1981SECOND EXPERIMENTAL REMOTE SENSING SATELLITE SIMILAR TO BHASKARA-1. PROVIDED EXPERIENCE IN BUILDING AND OPERATING A REMOTE SENSING SATELLITE SYSTEM ON AN END-TO-END BASIS. LAUNCHED BY RUSSIAN LAUNCH VEHICLE INTERCOSMOS.

4.ARIANE PASSENGER PAYLOAD EXPERIMENT (APPLE) DATE-19.06.1981FIRST EXPERIMENTAL COMMUNICATION SATELLITE. PROVIDED EXPERIENCE IN BUILDING AND OPERATING A THREE-AXIS STABILISED COMMUNICATION SATELLITE. LAUNCHED BY THE EUROPEAN ARIANE.

5.ROHINI TECHNOLOGY PAYLOAD (RTP)DATE-10.08.1979INTENDED FOR MEASURING IN-FLIGHT PERFORMANCE OF FIRST EXPERIMENTAL FLIGHT OF SLV-3, THE FIRST INDIAN LAUNCH VEHICLE. COULD NOT BE PLACED IN ORBIT.

6.ROHINI (RS-1)DATE-18.07.1980USED FOR MEASURING IN-FLIGHT PERFORMANCE OF SECOND EXPERIMENTAL LAUNCH OF SLV-3.

7.ROHINI (RS-D1)DATE-31.05.1981USED FOR CONDUCTING SOME REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGY STUDIES USING A LANDMARK SENSOR PAYLOAD. LAUNCHED BY THE FIRST DEVELOPMENTAL LAUNCH OF SLV-3

8.ROHINI (RS-D2)DATE-17.04.1983IDENTICAL TO RS-D1. LAUNCHED BY THE SECOND DEVELOPMENTAL LAUNCH OF SLV-3.

9.STRETCHED ROHINI SATELLITE SERIES (SROSS-1)DATE-24.03.1987CARRIED PAYLOAD FOR LAUNCH VEHICLE PERFORMANCE MONITORING AND FOR GAMMA RAY ASTRONOMY. COULD NOT BE PLACED IN ORBIT.

10.STRETCHED ROHINI SATELLITE SERIES (SROSS-2)DATE-13.07.1988CARRIED REMOTE SENSING PAYLOAD OF GERMAN SPACE AGENCY IN ADDITION TO GAMMA RAY ASTRONOMY PAYLOAD. COULD NOT BE PLACED IN ORBIT.

11.STRETCHED ROHINI SATELLITE SERIES (SROSS-C)DATE-20.05.1992LAUNCHED BY THIRD DEVELOPMENTAL FLIGHT OF ASLV. CARRIED GAMMA RAY ASTRONOMY AND AERONOMY PAYLOAD.

12.STRETCHED ROHINI SATELLITE SERIES (SROSS-C2)DATE-04.05.1994LAUNCHED BY FOURTH DEVELOPMENTAL FLIGHT OF ASLV. IDENTICAL TO SROSS-C. STILL IN SERVICE.INDIAN NATIONAL SATELLITE SYSTEM (INSAT)

13.INSAT-1ADATE-10.04.1982FIRST OPERATIONAL MULTI-PURPOSE COMMUNICATION AND METEOROLOGY SATELLITE PROCURED FROM USA. WORKED ONLY FOR SIX MONTHS. LAUNCHED BY US DELTA LAUNCH VEHICLE.

14.INSAT-1BDATE-30.08.1983IDENTICAL TO INSAT-1A. SERVED FOR MORE THAN DESIGN LIFE OF SEVEN YEARS. LAUNCHED BY US SPACE SHUTTLE.

15.INSAT-1CDATE-21.07.1988SAME AS INSAT-1A. SERVED FOR ONLY ONE AND A HALF YEARS. LAUNCHED BY EUROPEAN ARIANE LAUNCH VEHICLE.

16.INSAT-1DDATE-12.06.1990IDENTICAL TO INSAT-1A. LAUNCHED BY US DELTA LAUNCH VEHICLE. STILL IN SERVICE.

17.INSAT-2ADATE-10.07.1992FIRST SATELLITE IN THE SECOND-GENERATION INDIAN-BUILT INSAT-2 SERIES. HAS ENHANCED CAPABILITY THAN INSAT-1 SERIES. LAUNCHED BY EUROPEAN ARIANE LAUNCH VEHICLE. STILL IN SERVICE.

18.INSAT-2BDATE-23.07.1993SECOND SATELLITE IN INSAT-2 SERIES. IDENTICAL TO INSAT-2A. LAUNCHED BY EUROPEAN ARIANE LAUNCH VEHICLE. STILL IN SERVICE.

19.INSAT-2CDATE-07.12.1995HAS ADDITIONAL CAPABILITIES SUCH AS MOBILE SATELLITE SERVICE, BUSINESS COMMUNICATION AND TELEVISION OUTREACH BEYOND INDIAN BOUNDARIES. LAUNCHED BY EUROPEAN LAUNCH VEHICLE. IN SERVICE.

20.INSAT-2DDATE-04.06.1997SAME AS INSAT-2C. LAUNCHED BY EUROPEAN LAUNCH VEHICLE ARIANE. INOPERABLE SINCE OCT 4, 97 DUE TO POWER BUS ANOMALY.

21.INSAT-2DTDATE-JANUARY 1998PROCURED IN ORBIT FROM ARABSAT

22.INSAT-2EDATE-03.04.1999MULTIPURPOSE COMMUNICATION & METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE LAUNCHED BY ARIANE.

23.INSAT-3BDATE-22.03.2000MULTIPURPOSE COMMUNICATION - BUSINESS COMMUNICATION, DEVELOPMENTAL COMMUNICATION AND MOBILE COMMUNICATION PURPOSE.

24.GSAT-1DATE-18.04.2001EXPERIMENTAL SATELLITE FOR THE FIRST DEVELOPMENTAL FLIGHT OF GEO-SYNCHRONOUS SATELLITE LAUNCH VEHICLE, GSLV-D1.

25.INSAT-3CDATE-24.01.2002TO AUGMENT THE EXISTING INSAT CAPACITY FOR COMMUNICATION AND BROADCASTING, BESIDES PROVIDING CONTINUITY OF THE SERVICES OF INSAT-2C.

26.KALPANA-1DATE-12.09.2002METSAT WAS THE FIRST EXCLUSIVE METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE BUILT BY ISRO NAMED AFTER KALPANA CHAWLA.

27.INSAT-3ADATE-10.04.2003MULTIPURPOSE SATELLITE FOR COMMUNICATION AND BROADCASTING, BESIDES PROVIDING METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES ALONG WITH INSAT-2E AND KALPANA-1.

28.GSAT-2DATE-08.05.2003EXPERIMENTAL SATELLITE FOR THE SECOND DEVELOPMENTAL TEST FLIGHT OF INDIA'S GEOSYNCHRONOUS SATELLITE LAUNCH VEHICLE, GSLV

29.INSAT-3EDATE-28.09.2003EXCLUSIVE COMMUNICATION SATELLITE TO AUGMENT THE EXISTING INSAT SYSTEM.

30.EDUSATDATE-20.09.2004INDIA'S FIRST EXCLUSIVE EDUCATIONAL SATELLITE.

31.HAMSATDATE-05.05.2005MICROSATELLITE FOR PROVIDING SATELLITE BASED AMATEUR RADIO SERVICES TO THE NATIONAL AS WELL AS THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY (HAMS).

32.INSAT-4ADATE-22.12.2005THE MOST ADVANCED SATELLITE FOR DIRECT-TO-HOME TELEVISION BROADCASTING SERVICES.

33.INSAT-4CDATE-10.07.2006STATE-OF-THE-ART COMMUNICATION SATELLITE - COULD NOT BE PLACED IN ORBIT.

34.INSAT-4BDATE-12.03.2007AN IDENTICAL SATELLITE TO INSAT-4A FURTHER AUGMENT THE INSAT CAPACITY FOR DIRECT-TO-HOME (DTH) TELEVISION SERVICES AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS.

35.INSAT-4CRDATE-02.09.2007DESIGNED TO PROVIDE DIRECT-TO-HOME (DTH) TELEVISION SERVICES, VIDEO PICTURE TRANSMISSION (VPT) AND DIGITAL SATELLITE NEWS GATHERING (DSNG), IDENTICAL TO INSAT- 4C .INDIAN REMOTE SENSING SATELLITE (IRS)

36.IRS-1ADATE-17.03.1988FIRST OPERATIONAL REMOTE SENSING SATELLITE. LAUNCHED BY A RUSSIAN VOSTOK.

37. IRS-1BDATE-29.08.1991SAME AS IRS-1A. LAUNCHED BY A RUSSIAN LAUNCH VEHICLE, VOSTOK. STILL IN SERVICE.

38. IRS-1EDATE-20.09.1993CARRIED REMOTE SENSING PAYLOADS. COULD NOT BE PLACED IN ORBIT.

39. IRS-P2DATE-15.10.1994CARRIED REMOTE SENSING PAYLOAD. LAUNCHED BY SECOND DEVELOPMENTAL FLIGHT OF PSLV.

40. IRS-1CDATE-28.12.1995CARRIES ADVANCED REMOTE SENSING CAMERAS. LAUNCHED BY RUSSIAN MOLNIYA LAUNCH VEHICLE. STILL IN SERVICE.

41. IRS-P3DATE-21.03.1996CARRIES REMOTE SENSING PAYLOAD AND AN X-RAY ASTRONOMY PAYLOAD. LAUNCHED BY THIRD DEVELOPMENTAL FLIGHT OF PSLV. STILL IN SERVICE.

42. IRS-1DDATE-29.09.1997SAME AS IRS-1C. LAUNCHED BY INDIA'S PSLV SERVICE. IN SERVICE.

43. IRS-P4 OCEANSATDATE-26.05.1999CARRIES AN OCEAN COLOUR MONITOR (OCM) AND A MULTI-FREQUENCY SCANNING MICROWAVE RADIOMETER (MSMR), LAUNCHED BY INDIA'S PSLV-C2,

44. TECHNOLOGY EXPERIMENT SATELLITE (TES) DATE-22.10.2001TECHNOLOGY EXPERIMENT SATELLITE LAUNCHED BY PSLV-C3.

45. IRS-P6 RESOURCESAT-1DATE-17.10.2003LAUNCHED BY PSLV - C5, CARRIES THREE CAMERA, NAMES, LISS-4, LISS-3 AND AWIFS

46.CARTOSAT -1DATE-05.05.2005LAUNCHED BY PSLV-C6, CARRIES TWO PANCHROMATIC CAMERAS - PAN (FORE) AND PAN (AFT) - WITH 2.5 METER RESOLUTION. THE CAM MOUNTED WITH A TILT OF +26 DEG AND -5 DEG ALONG THE TRACK TO PROVIDE STEREO IMAGES.

47.CARTOSAT - 2DATE-10.01.2007LAUNCHED BY PSLV-C7, IT IS AN ADVANCED REMOTE SENSING SATELLITE CARRYING A PANCHROMATIC CAMERA CAPABLE OF PROVIDING SCENE SPECIFIC SPOT IMAGERIES.

48. SRE - 1DATE-10.01.2007LAUNCHED BY PSLV-C7, SPACE CAPSULE RECOVERY EXPERIMENT (SRE-1), INTENDED TO DEMONSTRATE THE TECHNOLOGY OF AN ORBITING PLATFORM FOR PERFORMING EXPERIMENTS IN MICROGRAVITY CONDITIONS. SRE-1 WAS RECOVERED SUCCESSFULLY AFTER 12 DAYS OVER BAY OF BENGAL.

49. CARTOSAT-2ADATE-28.04.2008IDENTICAL TO CARTOSAT - 2, LAUNCHED BY PSLV-C9

50. CHANDRAYAAN- 1DATE-22.10.2008LAUNCHED BY PSLV-C11. LAUNCHED AT SHRIHARIKOTA, ANDHRA PRADESH.

TABLE OF FIRST

SATELLITES LAUNCHED

BY ALL COUNTRIES

FIRST SATELLITES OF ALL COUNTRIESCOUNTRY YEAR OF

LAUNCHFIRST SATELLITE

PAYLOADS IN ORBIT IN 2008

SOVIENT UNION

RUSSIA

1957

(1992)

SPUTNIK-1

(COSMOS-2157)1398

UNITED STATES 1958 EXPLORER-1 1042

UNITEDKINGDOM

1962 ARIEL-1 25

CANADA 1962 ALOUETTE-1 25

ITALY 1964 SAN MACRI-1 14

FRANCE 1965 ASTERIX 44

AUSTRAIA 1967 WRESAT 11

GERMANY 1969 AZUR 27

JAPAN 1970 OSUMI 123

CHINA 1970 DONG FANG HONG

83

CONTINUED TO NEXT SLIDE

COUNTRY YEAR OF LAUNCH

FIRST SATELLITE PAYLOADS IN ORBIT IN 2008

POLAND 1973 INTERCOSMOS KOPERNIKUS 500

?NETHERLANDS 1974 ANS 5

SPAIN 1974 INTASAT 9

INDIA 1975 ARYABHATA 34

INDOINESIA 1976 PALAPA A1 10

CZECHOSLOVAKIA

1978 MAGION 1 5

BULGARIA 1981 INTERCOSMOS BULGERIA 1300

1

BRAZIL 1985 BRASILSAT A1 11

MEXICO 1985 MORELOS 1 7

SWEDEN 1986 VIKING 11

ISRAEL 1988 OFEQ 1 7

LUXEMBOURG 1988 ASTRA 1A 15

CONTINUED TO NEXT SLIDE

COUNTRY YEAR OF LAUNCH

FIRST SATELLITE

PAYLOADS IN ORBIT IN 2008

ARGENTINA 1990 LUSAT 10

PAKISTAN 1990 BADR-1 5

SOUTH KOREA 1992 KISAT A 10

PORTUGAL 1993 POSAT-1 1

THAILAND 1993 THAICOM 1 6

TURKEY 1994 TURKSAT 1B 5

UKRAINE 1995 SICH-1 6

CHILE 1995 FASAT-ALFA 1

MALAYSIA 1996 MEASAT 4

NORWAY 1997 THOR-2 3

PHILIPPINES 1997 MABUHAY-1 2

EGYPT 1998 NILESAT-101 3

SINGAPORE 1998 ST-1 1

TAIWAN 1999 ROCSAT-1 9

DENMARK 1999 4

CONTINUED TO NEXT SLIDE

COUNTRY YEAR OF LAUNCH

FIRST SATELLITE

PAYLOADS IN ORBIT ON 2008

SOUTH AFRICA 1999 SUNSAT 1

SAUDI ARABIA 2000 SAUDISAT-1A 12

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

2000 THURAYA-1 3

MOROCCO 2001 MAROC-TUBSAT 1

ALGERIA 2002 ALSAT-1 1

GREECE 2003 HELLAS SET 2 2

NIGERIA 2003 NIGERIASAT 1 2

IRAN 2005 SINA-1 4

KAZAKHSTAN 2006 KAZSAT 1 1

BELARUS 2006 BELKA 1

Colombia 2007 LIBERTAD 1

Vietnam 2008 VINASAT-1 1

Venezuela 2008 Venesat-1 1

Switzerland 2009 SwissCube-1[23] 1

END

OF THE TABLE

Lalitha Dutta . SIX-D ; Roll no-11

KV-1,nsb Visakhapatnam

THANK YOU…