Download - Salary Survey 2009

8/10/2019 Salary Survey 2009

1/46

Ministry of Labour, Human Services and Social Security1 Water and Cornhill StreetsGeorgetown, GuyanaTel: 223-7408, 22-68996

Website:www.mlhsss.gov.gy
http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/


2/46

Page1of45

Table of Contents...1

Acknowledgements .......3Executive Summary.....4

Objectives of Statistical Unit..5

Mission and Functions of the Ministry of Labour- LOSH...5

Purpose of Survey.6

List of Acronyms ...7

Definitions ....8

Sample And Survey Methodology & Design....9

- Training, Field Work & Sample Coverage

-Coding & Data Processing

Chapter 1-Introduction and Background.....10

Chapter 2- Summary Facts on Respondents....12

Mode of Operation..................................13

Employees within Establishments- Gross.....15

Employees within Establishment Sample ......16

Occupational Types .............................17

Chapter 3- Educational Attainment and Experience..18

Chapter 4 Employment composition of workers by Industry and Ethnicity ...20

Chapter 5- Employment Costs: Occupational Wages, Hours of Work & Employment Costs..21

Chapter 6- Conclusion..35


3/46

Page2of45

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.1- Questionnaires distributed and returned 2007- 2009....11

Table 2.1 Types of Establishments in sample by Sector- 2007- 2009..12

Table 2.2 Establishments by Ownership, Market, Social Organisation. 2007- 2009.13

Table 2.3 Distribution of Gross staffing in organizations by Gender: 2007- 09.15

Table 2.4 Distribution of interviewees sampled by Gender: 2007-09.......16

Table 2.5 Occupational Classifications by Gender according to ISCO 88:2007-09........17

Table 3.1 Educational Attainment: 2007- 2009......18

Table 3.2 Experience on the job by Gender: 2007- 2009....19

Table 4.1 Sample of Employment Composition of Workers by Industry & Ethnicity: July 2009..20

Table 5.1 Average Employment Cost 2003- 2009.....21

Table 5.2 Comparative Annual Average Employment Expenses: 2007- 09.....22

Table 5.3 Gross Employees by Ethnicity, Labour Expenses & Average Employment Expenses 2007-0924

Table 5.4 Average Salaries and Hours of Work 2009......26

Table 5.5 Some Top Paying Jobs by Industry: 2009..34

LIST OF GRAPHS

Graph # 1.1- Distribution of Responses in sample : 2007- 2009....11

Graph # 2.1 Distribution of Responses by Sector: 2007- 2009.......12

Graph # 2.2 Distribution of Establishments in sample by Ownership:2007- 2009.....13

Graph # 2.3 Distribution of Establishments in sample by Market: 2007-09.........14

Graph # 2.4 Distribution of Entities by Social Organization: 2007-09......14

Graph # 2.5 Gross number of persons working in Establishments : 2007-09..15

Graph # 2.6 Employees in Organizations Sampled by Gender: 2007-09....16Graph # 2.7 Distribution of Employees in Sample by Occupational Categories: 2007-09....17

Graph # 3.1 Distribution of Academic Attainment in Sample: 2007- 2009.....18

Graph # 3.2 Distribution of Experience in Sample: 2007- 2009......19

Graph # 5.1 Distribution of Comparative Average Employment Cost: 2003- 2009...21

APPENDICES

Appendix A. Permanent Secretarys letter to Interviewees & Organizations............36

Appendix B. Sample of OWS 2009 Questionnaire........37

Appendix C List of Personnel Involved In The Survey...45


4/46

Page3of45

Acknowledgements

The ILO Caribbean Office was instrumental in initiating Occupational Wages and Hours of WorkSurveys in Caribbean Countries in 2003, during which the first such survey was implemented inGuyana by Statistical Unit Ministry of Labour, Human Services and Social Security. Thus, it isimportant to acknowledge the initial training and technical support provided by ILO. Additional

relevant training in these regards was also obtained from Bureau of Statistics, for which we arealso grateful.

The report describes the key findings and combined efforts of many individuals, organizationsand institutions without which the successful completion of this project would not have beenpossible. In these regards, we would like to thank the Minister of Labour, the PermanentSecretary and staff of LOSH and CRMA Departments for their contributions. Sincere gratitude isalso expressed to all Institutions and Organizations Governmental, Private Sector and TradeUnions for their invaluable assistance in completing our 2009 Occupational Wages and Hour ofWork questionnaires. The collaboration and cooperation of other Departments within theMinistry of Labour, Human Services and Social Security is also deeply appreciated.

Ivelaw Henry

Chief Statistical Officer

Ministry of Labour,

Human Services and Social Security


5/46

Page4of45

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Guyana Occupational Wages and Hours of Work Survey (OWHWS) is an Annual Publicationof the Statistical Unit of the Ministry of Labour, Human Services and Social Security. It providesvital occupational hours and wages and salaries statistics which are collected from businesses,government institutions, trade unions andprivate organizations among others.

The survey targeted 540 establishments. Of this amount 251 establishments responded in eightregions, giving a response rate of 47%. The establishments had 9,263 employees consisting of4,952 males and 4,311 females. A total of 227 Private organizations, 13 Public institutions and 11Para-public institutions were sampled.

Approximately 58% of the workforce are on the job between 1 and 4 years. This indicates a seriousproblem with retaining workers. Therefore, intensive efforts are needed for workers, whileproviding reasonable compensation packages or conditions of services. Data indicates that 20% ofthe workforce is stable. 10% of the workforce has 10-14 years of service, while 10% has more than15 years on the job.

More than 90 % of labour force does not have an education above secondary level, and since thequality of education relates to quality of service, there is need to improve academic abilities of ourworkers. Hence, the need for persons to attain higher education. This issue has to be addressed inorder to have a more competitive economy in light of Guyanas recent ranking at 97 on an index of198 in terms of having competitive economies.

Of the 251 establishments, 90 % were Guyanese owned, while 6 % and 4% were ownership withforeign equity or completely foreign owned. This indicates the need to move towards increasingforeign investment in the country since only 1 % of these businesses were solely in the export

sector.

Job categories such as Accountancy, Drug Manufacturing and Commercial Banking, just to name afew, attracted the largest number of employees and higher salaries, while a significant number ofpersons preferred to work in the heavy-duty machinery working environment on the basis ofreceiving high paid salaries resulting in increased demand for training in the latter jobs from ourBIT department.

To improve productivity, Guyanese businesses need to ensure introduction of technology or shouldwork towards making technology a catalyst in developing their full potential. Employers shouldtake into account flexible working hours for employees which is inevitable in any modern

economy.


6/46

Page5of45

OBJECTIVES OF THE STATISTICAL UNIT

The major functions of the Statistical Unit are aimed at ensuring collection, analysis anddissemination of employment and social statistics which can form the basis of policies.

MISSION AND FUNCTIONS OF LABOUR OCCUPATION SAFETY HEALTH DEPARTMENT

To contribute to the economic and social development of Guyana by executing appropriatepolicies and programmes that will:

Maintain a stable industrial relations climate;

Enhance the safety and health of workers by ensuring improved working conditions at worksites;

Develop a social compact aimed at increasing the productivity and competitiveness ofenterprises in the production and service sectors and;

Provide a range of services to employers, trade unions and employees in order to create anatmosphere of mutual trust and social justice between management and labour.


7/46

Page6of45

Purpose of the survey

Major objectives of the survey include:

1. Provision of up-to-date salary statistics / information for Wages and Salaries Administrationin Guyana and to facilitate monitoring of trends and informing related policy.

2. Generation of annual workforce data for use by Tripartite Sectors of the economy: public,private, trade unions, also students and international organizations among others.

3. Continuity of up to date labour statistics and surveys to facilitate upgrading Guyanas rankingamong other countries from Category 3 to Category 2.

4. Provision of data for monitoring progress towards achievement of related MDGs.

5. Providing data to assist with facilitating productivity analysis / assessment.

The Salary / Wage data gathered is useful for the following purposes:

Career Planning or Counselling: To provide youths with data required to make wise careerplanning choices e.g. which are the higher paying jobs / industries and which are lower paying.To assist Management with data required for counselling staff in making decisions relative tocareer changes.

Educational Planning & Allocation of Educational Resources: To assist employer/investorwith making informed decisions relative to educational planning & allocation of educationalresources. Knowledge of the current salary levels could determine whether to invest ineducation or hire from the job market; when employer is planning his / her educational

investment programme.

Industrial Differences: Provide investors with approximate cost of wages and salaries costsand facilitate comparison of differences in remuneration between industries.

Differences in Educational Attainment & Experience: To sensitize all relative to the roles ofdifferences in educational attainment and experience and salary determination/ wagecomparisons.

Wage and Salary Negotiation: This data is important in setting wage rates and comparisonsfor salary negotiation.

Comparison With Wages, Salaries in Other Countries: Many other countries conductsimilar surveys.

Policy Decisions Relative To Salary / Wage Levels: This is used by Policy Makers indecisions relative to Salary and Wage rates and levels.


8/46

Page7of45

LIST OF ACRONYMS

BIT: Board of Industrial Training

BOS: Bureau of Statistics

CBA: Collective Bargaining Agreement

CRMA: Central Recruitment & Manpower Agency

ILO: International Labour Organisation

ISCO: International Standard Classification of Occupation

LOSH: Labour Occupational Safety & Health

MDGs: Millennium Development Goals

MNC: Multi National Cooperation

SPSS: Statistical Package for Social Sciences


9/46

Page8of45

DEFINITIONS

Average Employment Cost: is derived by accumulating employment cost for all theestablishments and dividing by the total number of employees in the establishments.

Clerks: This includes records clerks, accounts clerks and storekeepers.

Craft and Craft Related Workers: This comprises of occupations such as mechanics, joiners andelectricians.

Educational Attainment and Experience: Educational attainment refers to whether the workerwould have completed primary, secondary, technical or tertiary education. In terms of experience,the survey was used to find out whether the worker would have finished one year on the job, twoto four years, five to nine, ten to fourteen years or worked in excess of fifteen years on the job.

Elementary Occupations: This includes occupations such as cleaners, labourers, maids, officeassistants, factory hand. For these occupations, skills are not required.

Employment Cost: Information on employment costs was also collected. Employment cost refersto the total amount the employer expended on employees. This includes cost for training, welfareassistance, National Insurance Scheme - employers contributions, uniform and housingallowances, bonuses as well as wages and salaries.

Enumerator: Persons who collected data for survey from establishments.

Legislators, Senior Officials and Managers: Those employees classified in this group includedmainly senior managers, and directors within various establishments.

Para Public- Refers to NGOs and other semi Public institutions whose staff are not paid bygovernment, but might receive subvention and other forms of government assistance to executetheir functions.

Plant and machine operators, assemblers: This comprises of such occupations as drivers,machine operators, plant operators and pump attendants.

Professionals: This includes accountants, pharmacists, agronomists, economists, computerprogrammers, engineers and lawyers.

Reference Month: The reference month was July, 2009. This month was used in previous surveys

and for purpose of consistency the month ending 31st

July is being maintained.

Sales and Service Workers: This includes stores attendants, security, cooks and waiters.

Skilled Agricultural Workers: Workers falling in this group included gardeners and planters.

Technicians: This category includes occupations such as electronic technicians, teachers, anddraughtsman.


10/46

Page9of45

SAMPLE AND SURVEY METHODOLOGY & DESIGN:

TRAINING, FIELD WORK & CODING & DATA PROCESSING

The Survey was done based on models and standards developed by ILO designed to collectinformation on occupational wages and hours of work. Additionally the Unit continuously updatesthe establishment listing from which it draws the related samples.

The questionnaire attached was administered in order to collect the requisite data.

Training and field work

This lasted for approximately 2 months, from mid Octoberto mid December 2009.

Data processing

Data was coded in accordance with International Labour Classification coding requirements andkey entered in our data base using SPSS and Excel by 2 members of staff, in 2 portions and internalconsistency checks were performed. Data coding and processing were executed in January toFebruary 2010 and report completed in March 2010.


11/46

Page10of45

Chapter 1: Introduction and Background

The Statistical Unit, Ministry of Labour Human Services and Social Security, conducted its sixthOccupational Wages and Hours of Work Survey during the period October 2009 to December2009. Previously Occupational Wages and Hours of Work Surveys were executed in 2003,2004, and 2006, 2007 and 2008.

During this survey, expanded coverage of a greater number of Regions was achieved due to theinvaluable interventions from the Minister and the Permanent Secretary and Heads ofDepartments in Ministry of Labour. Additionally, important contributions by way ofenumeration were made by the Staff of LOSH and CRMA Depts.

The assignments of enumerators were as follows:2007 - 10 Enumerators, 2008 - 3 Enumerators, and 2009 - 21 Enumerators.

For these years TheRegional breakdowns of the questionnaires received are as follows:


12/46

Page11of45

A total of two hundred and fifty-one (251) establishments participated in the survey in eight (8)regions of Guyana. fourteen (14) in Region Two, twenty eight (28) in Region Three, one hundredand twenty (120) in Region Four, five (5) in Region Five, forty (40) in Region Six, twenty (20) inRegion Seven, fourteen (14) in Region Nine and ten (10) in Region Ten. The regions were betterrepresented in the current survey.

In 2008, 130 questionnaires were dispatched and 59 returned as against 400 being dispatched and

218 returned in 2007. This shows a fluctuation between the years with the least questionnairesdispatching in 2008.

GRAPH 1.1Distribution of Responses in Sample2007 to2009

TABLE 1.1 QUESTIONNAIRES DISTRIBUTED & RETURNED 2007- 2009

Regions2007 2008 2009

Dispatched Returned ResponseRate %

Dispatched Returned ResponseRate %

Dispatched Returned ResponseRate by Region%

ResponseRate bySample

Pop.

Region 1 - - - - - - - - - -

Region 2 - - - - - - 19 14 74 6

Region 3 - - - - 8 - 31 28 90 11

Region 4 - 60 - - 12 - 391 120 31 48

Region 5 - 19 - - 13 - 15 5 33 2

Region 6 - 108 - - 19 - 40 40 100 16Region 7 - - - - - - 20 20 100 8

Region 8 - - - - - - - - - 0

Region 9 - 15 - - - - 14 14 100 5

Region 10 - 16 - - 7 - 10 10 100 4

Total 400 218 55% 130 59 45% 540 251 47% 100%


13/46

Page12of45

Chapter 2 Summary Facts on the Respondents

In 2009, two hundred and fifty-one (251) questionnaires were classified by sectors of which ninetypercent (90%) originated from the Private Sector, six percent (6%) Public Sector and four percent(4%) Para-Public Sector. These represent general increases over 2008. Further, the private andpara public sectors portions of the establishments sampled in 2009 indicate significant increasesover the previous years. However, overall analysis might indicate the need to aim for improvement

in the numbers dispatched and returned in all sectors, but more especially the public and parapublic sectors in future.

GRAPH 2.1 Distribution of Responses by Sectors 2007 to 2009

TABLE 2.1-TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS IN SAMPLE BY SECTORS- 2007- 2009

2007 2008 2009

Private Sector 195 48 227

Public Sector 18 9 13

Para Public Sector 5 2 11

Total 218 59 251


14/46

Page13of45

Mode of Operation

Of the 251 establishments in 2009, ninety percent (90%) of the establishments are WhollyGuyanese owned while six percent (6%) and four percent (4%) are Ownership with Foreign Equityand Wholly Foreign owned respectively. There was fair representation of the institutions that wereforeign owned/ had foreign equity, operated in both markets and those that were unionized. Withthe exception of export activities, all other entities realized increases in all aspects for 2009 above

those for2008.

GRAPH 2.2 DISTRIBUTION OF ESTABLISHMENTS IN SAMPLE BY OWNERSHIP: 2007-2009

TABLE 2.2 ESTABLISHMENTS BY OWNERSHIP, MARKET AND SOCIAL ORGANISATION-2007-2009

ENTITIES BY LOCATION OF OWNERSHIP 2007 2008 2009

Wholly Guyanese Owned 197 57 226

Foreign Owned Entities 21 2 25

ENTITIES BY LOCATION OF MARKET

Engaged solely in Export Activities 9 4 2

Engaged solely in domestic market 194 38 219Engaged in both markets 15 17 30

ENTITIES BY SOCIAL ORGANISATION

Establishments whose workers are unionized 30 8 21

Establishments with Collective Bargaining Agreements(CBA 16 3 9


15/46

Page14of45

For 2009, of the organizations sampled, eighty seven percent (87%) operated in the domesticmarket and twelve percent (12%) in both markets while one percent (1%) of these, engaged inexport market only. These represented increases in the first 2 markets categories for 2009 over theprevious years.

GRAPH 2.3 DISTRIBUTION OF ESTABLISHMENTS IN SAMPLE BY MARKET: 2007-2009

In 2009, eight percent (8%) of the sampled establishments are unionized and four percent (4%)have Collective Bargaining Agreements (CBA).

GRAPH2.4DISTRIBUTION OF ENTITIESBY SOCIAL ORGANISATION-2007- 2009


16/46

Page15of45

Employees within Establishments - Gross

According to data below, women seem to be maintaining a substantial share of the workingpopulation; even working to reduce the male- female gap in some instances. While 218organizations in 2007 employed 9753 workers, in 2009, 251 organizations utilized 9263employees. This could indicate that more proportionately smaller firms were used in the 2009survey or that employers seem to be managing with relatively less staff. Data shows consistent

increase in both categories and total for 2009 relative to the previous years, despite being belowthe figures for 2007.

GRAPH2.5GROSS NUMBER OF PERSONS WORKING IN THE ESTABLISHMENTS: 2007-2009

TABLE 2.3: DISTRIBUTION OF GROSS STAFFING IN ORGANISATIONS BY GENDER 2007-2009

2007 2008 2009Male 5299 2047 4952

Female 4454 1694 4311

Total 9753 3741 9263


17/46

Page16of45

Employees in Establishments - Sample

The total sample for 2009 was far in excess of the previous years, more than double that for 2007and more than 4 times that of 2008; in most circumstances the higher sample would be preferredsince it might usually be expected to give a better indications.

GRAPH 2.6 EMPLOYEES IN ORGANISATIONS SAMPLED BY GENDER 2007-2009

TABLE 2.4 DISTRIBUTION OF INTERVIEWEES SAMPLED BY GENDER

2007 2008 2009

Male 650 294 1176

Female 432 203 1070

Total 1082 497 2246


18/46

Page17of45

Occupational Types

The chart displays significant increases in the categories of legislators/ managers, associateprofessionals, clerks, service workers, and elementary occupations recorded approximately 2times or more in numbers for 2009 compared to 2007. There is also a great improvement over theprevious years in the numbers identified in the category as unclassified, there being none in 2009.

GRAPH 2.7 DISTRIBUTION OF SAMPLE BY OCCUPATIONAL CATEGORIES 2007- 2009

Table 2.5 Occupational classifications by Gender according to ISCO-88: 2007-2009

Occupational Classifications 2007 2008 2009M F T % M F T % M F T %

1 Legislators, SeniorOfficials, Managers

61 17 78 7 16 12 28 6 96 63 159 7

2 Professionals 33 37 70 6 8 19 27 5 51 38 89 4

3 Technical & AssociateProfessional

53 42 95 9 38 46 84 17 110 137 247 11

4 Clerks 46 134 180 17 17 44 61 12 202 150 352 16

5 Service Workers, Shop &Market Sales Workers.

92 109 201 19 42 37 79 16 236 387 623 28

6 Skilled Agricultural &Fisheries Workers.

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 2 6 0

7 Craft & Related TradeWorkers

99 10 109 10 38 5 43 9 115 15 130 6

8 Plant & MachineOperators & Assemblers

93 19 112 10 55 0 55 11 165 28 193 8

9 Elementary Occupations 87 55 142 13 47 32 79 16 197 250 447 20

10 Unclassified 86 9 95 9 33 8 41 8 0 0 0 0

Total 650 432 1082 100 294 203 497 100 1176 1070 2246 100


19/46

Page18of45

Chapter 3 Educational Attainment & Experience

The educational attainment level of the 2246 persons who were sampled from the 9263respondents indicate that 29 % gained primary education, 52 % completed secondary schooleducation, 9 % obtained technical education, 8 % achieved a tertiary level education and 2% did notindicate. Thus, tertiary and technical levels account for 17 %. More men than women have beenconsistently noted in the total samples from these 3 yrs. Men out number women at primary,

technical and for those not stated for the 3 years. The exception to this trend was 2009 wherewomen attained higher numbers at secondary level and 2008 when more women at tertiary levelsthan men were observed. For 2009, technical and tertiary percentages declined relative to previousyears, while 2%of the academic levels were not indicated.

GRAPH 3.1 DISTRIBUTION OF ACADEMIC ATTAINMENT IN SAMPLE: 2007-2009

Table 3.1 Educational Attainment: 2007- 2009

Educationallevel attained

2009 2008 2007

M F T % M F T % M F T %

Primary 393 251 644 29 116 50 166 33 233 110 343 32

Secondary 508 652 1160 52 93 72 165 33 227 198 425 39

Technical 130 73 203 9 36 26 62 13 113 64 177 16

Tertiary 110 78 188 8 29 43 72 15 71 57 128 12

Not Stated 35 16 51 2 20 12 32 6 6 3 9 1

Total 1176 1070 2246 100 294 203 497 100 650 432 1082 100


20/46

Page19of45

In 2009, those with 1 yr experience accounted for 26%, 2 - 4 yrs amounted to 32 percent (%), 5-9yrs experience totaled 19%, 10-14 yrs amounted to 10%, 15 yrs totaled 10 %, while 3% did notstate. That fact that 20 % for 2009 and 2007 had between 10-15 yrs experience is commendabledespite the mobility of employees and the attrition rate of some organizations. This has implicationsfor decisions relative to planning for training of staff versus efforts to retain staff.

Comparison of the 3 years showed men exceeding women in each category with the exception of

2008 at 1-14 yrs and 15 yrs categories and 2009 at did not indicate section. Approximately half ofthe persons had less than 5 years experience generally. The highest number of males in 2009 was inthe 2-4 yrs experience category similar for females. For the other years the pattern was similarindicating persons might not be staying too long in their jobs.

GRAPH 3.2 DISTRIBUTION OF EXPERIENCE IN THE SAMPLE: 2007- 2009

Table 3.2: EXPERIENCE ON THE JOB BY GENDER - 2007- 2009

YEARS 2009 2008 2007

M F T % M F T % M F T %

1 yr 256 329 585 26 72 44 116 23.3 180 128 308 28.5

2-4 yr 372 343 715 32 92 63 155 31.1 161 131 292 27

5-9yrs 251 186 437 19 48 40 88 18 98 76 174 16

10-14 yr 129 85 214 10 19 21 40 8 74 34 108 10.315 yrs 148 77 225 10 23 24 47 9.4 63 48 111 10

Did Not Indicate 20 50 70 3 40 11 51 10.2 49 40 89 8.2Total 1176 1070 2246 100 294 203 497 100 625 457 1082 100


21/46

Page20of45

Chapter 4 Employment Composition Of Workers By Industry And Ethnicity

Based on the sample, Indo-Guyanese seem to prefer jobs in sawmilling, beverage retail, textileretail, motor vehicle repair, quarrying, rice milling, furniture manufacturing. Etc while Afro-Guyanese seem to prefer jobs in Hotels and restaurant, household items retail, telecommunication,postal services, security among others.

TABLE 4.1 SAMPLE OF EMPLOYMENT COMPOSITION OF WORKERS BY INDUSTRY AND ETHNICITY JULY 2009

Sample-Industry and Ethnic Composition of Workers

No. Code Omitted Afro Indo Amerindian Mixed Other Total

Sawmill 2010 0 54 154 22 12 1 243

Hotel 5513 0 104 47 9 35 0 195

Restaurant 5520 27 95 79 7 23 4 235

Wholesale/Retail 5123 0 7 6 1 0 0 14

Beverage Retail 5211 0 60 92 10 12 1 175

Textile Retail 5232 7 27 78 6 18 5 141

Household Items Retail 5233 0 28 14 2 0 0 44

Specialized Stores Retail 5239 0 10 11 2 2 4 29

Machinery Sales 5150 0 7 4 2 0 0 13

Automotive Sales 5030 23 9 39 2 3 0 76

Motor Vehicles Repair 5020 0 25 44 5 14 0 88

Quarry 1411 0 8 20 3 0 0 31

Food Processing 1511 0 3 12 0 8 1 24Rice Milling 1531 0 3 37 0 1 0 41

Stock Feed Mfg. 1533 0 1 11 0 3 0 15

Bakery 1551 0 13 39 3 6 0 61

Gold Mining 1319 0 13 3 2 1 0 19

Paint Manufacture 2422 0 5 8 0 1 1 15

Metal Fabrication 2899 0 9 8 2 6 0 25

Furniture Manufacturing 3610 15 7 31 1 4 0 58

Jewellery 3691 0 6 7 1 1 0 15

Water Processing/Dis. 4100 15 7 7 1 3 2 35

News Paper Pub/Adv. 7430 12 7 16 0 3 1 39

Electricity Gen/Dist. 4010 15 0 0 0 0 0 15

Taxi 6021 0 5 5 0 1 0 11

Trucking Service 6030 0 1 4 0 0 0 5

Shipping Service 6301 0 3 11 0 0 1 15

Travel Service 6304 0 9 4 1 1 0 15

Telecommunication 6420 0 20 9 0 4 0 33

Banking 6919 15 0 0 0 0 0 15

Postal Service 6411 0 14 1 0 0 0 15

Credit Union 6592 0 10 0 0 0 0 10

Pawn Brokery 6592 0 3 0 0 2 0 5

Money Transfer 6599 0 3 0 0 2 0 5

Insurance Service 6601 0 3 0 0 2 0 5

Computer Repairs 7250 0 9 0 0 12 0 21

Accounting & Auditing 7412 0 6 5 1 3 0 15

Security Service 7523 0 10 2 2 1 0 15

Primary Education 8010 0 1 19 0 0 0 20

Secondary Education 8021 0 12 7 1 14 0 34

Technical Education 8022 9 27 22 1 5 0 64

Waste Disposal 9000 0 3 6 1 0 0 10Trade Unions 9111 0 20 13 3 6 0 42

Funeral Service 9303 0 4 1 0 0 0 5

Hospital 8512 0 11 3 0 1 0 15

Other Health Care 8519 0 3 0 1 1 0 5

HIV/AIDS Awareness 8519 0 5 2 2 1 0 10

Government Service 7511 6 25 12 2 4 0 49

Town/ Village Council 7514 4 22 22 1 3 0 52

Gas Station 5050 12 29 37 3 1 0 82

Drug Manufacturing 2423 0 5 7 1 2 0 15

Optician 3320 0 2 3 2 5 0 12

Total 160 773 962 103 227 21 2246


22/46

Page21of45

Chapter 5 Employment Cost: Occupational Wages, Hours Of Work And Employment Cost

The average for the current sample is G$650,114. This figure depends on various expendituresrelative to employment costs and the level of employment of the organizations involved. Up to2007 average cost of employment was increasing, with positive increments /additions, however,between 2007- 2008 AEC declined by 8 % due to negative increments. This trend continuedbetween 2008- 2009 with continued decline in AEC resulting in 10% decline.

GRAPH 5.1 DISTRIBUTIONS OF COMPARATIVE AVERAGE EMPLOYMENT COSTS 2003-2009

Table 5.1 Average Employment Cost 2003-2009

Year Average Employment Cost G$ Increase G$ Increase %2003 466,898 - -

2004 559,395 92,497 20

2006 724,586 165,19130

2007 786,899 62,313 9

2008 724,715 (62,184) -8

2009 650,114 (76,001) -10

Source: OWS 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009.


23/46

Page22of45

Changes over the period could depend in part on the types and sizes of the organizations included inthe samples over the years, the level of efficiency, level of employees used among others.

From the table below it is observed that increases were noted in the following: Rice milling, bakery,saw milling, furniture manufacturing, construction, sale of petroleum, travel service among otherswhile decline was observed in security service.

Table 5.2 COMPARATIVE ANNUAL AVERAGE EMPLOYMENT EXPENSES 2007- 20092009 2008 2007

No.

ISICCode

Economical ActivityAnnual Total Expenditure

on Labour Cost

Annual Average

Employment Cost

Annual Average

Employment Cost

Annual Average

Employment Cost

1 1319 Gold Mining $ 47,433,698.00 $ 765,059.65 0

2 1411 Quarry $ 37,510,734.80 $ 914,895.97 0

3 1419 Bauxite 0 0 $1,124,526 $670,67

4 1511 Food Processing $302,644,600.00 $ 669,567.70 0

5 1512 Fish Processing 0 0 $273,762 $927,82

6 1513 Canning of Food 0 0 $82,560

7 1531 Rice Milling $ 51,135,475.00 $ 581,084.94 $535,695 $461,15

8 1533 Man. Livestock Feeds $ 60,243,339.00 $ 860,619.13 0

9 1551 Man. of Bakery Product $ 38,363,371.00 $ 599,427.67 $340,363 $144,08

10 1561 Manufacturing of Liquor $ 21,991,200.00 $ 1,099,560.00 0

11 1564 Beverage manufacturing 0 0 $62,277 $285,94

12 2010 Sawmilling $284,505,119.00 $ 476,557.99 $421,452 $316,82

13 2022 Manufacturing of Blinds $ 5,079,340.00 $ 1,015,868.00 0

14 2102 Packaging 0 0 $831,429

15 2422 Manufacturing of Paints $ 75,449,701.00 $ 838,330.01 0

16 2423 Manufacture of Drugs $ 20,397,484.80 $ 551,283.37 0

17 2424 Paint Manufacturing 0 0 $647,652.

18 2899 Welding Fabrication $427,648,766.00 $ 497,266.01 0

19 3320 Optical Service $ 3,662,000.00 $ 457,750.00 0

20 3610 Production of Furniture $120,143,248.00 $ 1,133,426.87 $468,394 $211,17

21 3691 Sale of Jewellery $ 33,101,924.00 $ 472,884.63 0 $418,00

22 4010 Transmission of Power $ 27,038,229.00 $ 844,944.66 0 $1,658,53

23 4100 Sale of Purified Water $731,175,049.00 $ 1,334,261.04 0

24 4520 Construction $ 42,687,800.00 $ 656,735.38 $239,835 $401,91

25 5010 Auto Parts Sale 0 0 $586,389 $412,04

26 5020 Machine Shop $ 5,748,376.00 $ 479,031.33 0

27 5030 Sale of Automotive Parts $ 58,201,589.91 $ 538,903.61 0

28 5050 Sale of Petroleum prod. $319,112,849.80 $ 795,792.64 $437,142 $311,98

29 5121 Wholesale of life animals $ 18,892,519.00 $ 64,260.27 0

30 5123 Sale of Industr. Chemicals $ 9,627,576.00 $ 687,684.00 0

31 5150 Sale of Mining Equipment $ 14,463,720.00 $ 602,655.00 0

32 5200 Retail Trade 0 0 $518,254 $606,10

33 5211 Retail of food items $100,724,898.80 $ 434,159.05 0

34 5231 Retail of Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics $ 80,404,681.00 $ 992,650.38 0

35 5232 Retail of Textiles & HH Goods $140,408,086.00 $ 426,772.30 0


24/46

Page23of45

36 5233 Electronics Shop $ 66,054,918.00 $ 475,215.24 0

37 5234 Retail of Hardware $161,549,843.80 $ 841,405.44 0

38 5239 Retail of Stationary $ 57,440,641.00 $ 692,055.92 0 $444,74

39 5510 Hotels 0 0 $468,727 $384,98

40 5513 Hospitality/Accommodation $227,300,771.00 $ 666,571.18 0

41 5520 Restaurants, Bars and Canteens $117,636,924.00 $ 435,692.31 $425,068 $348,97

42 6021 Transportation (Taxi Service) $ 5,499,360.00 $ 274,968.00 0

43 6030 Transportation (Trucking Service) $ 2,952,600.00 $ 492,100.00 044 6301 Shipping $ 84,059,254.00 $ 2,334,979.28 0

45 6304 Travel Services $ 17,776,800.00 $ 888,840.00 0 $406,30

46 6411 Mail $ 47,574,400.00 $ 98,702.07 0

47 6420 Telecommunications $194,712,000.00 $ 255,863.34 $2,328,593. $1,303,69

48 6519 Banking $ 0 - $ 0 - 0 $2,466,01

49 6592 Credit Granting $ 8,383,703.00 $ 349,320.96 0

50 6599 Money Transfer $ 3,596,568.00 $ 719,313.60 0

51 6600 Insurance 0 0 $1,147,203 $868,62

52 6601 Sale of Insurance $ 4,204,200.00 $ 700,700.00 0

53 7250 Repair & Maintenance of Computer $ 17,344,480.23 $ 619,445.72 0

54 7290 Other Computer related activities, sales 0 0 $480,11

55 7412 Accounting Services $ 30,995,713.00 $ 815,676.66 0

56 7430 Advertising $ 77,011,612.00 $ 846,281.45 0 $1,170,04

57 7511 General Public Service Activities $577,654,476.58 $ 2,396,906.54 $724,310 $723,20

58 7511 Para Public Sector 0 0 $444,10

59 7512 Municipality 0 0 $407,638 $916,364

60 7514 Collection of Rates & Taxes $134,827,180.30 $ 740,808.68 0

61 7523 Security Services $ 50,450,400.00 $ 471,499.07 0 $557,56

62 8010 Primary Education $ 9,062,016.00 $ 362,480.64 0

63 8021 Secondary Education $ 33,593,080.00 $ 559,884.67 $3,402,698

64 8022 Technical Education $125,024,619.88 $ 806,610.45 0

65 8030 University 0 0 $1,642,539

66 8511 Medical Services $243,162,312.00 $ 711,000.91 $858,630 $473,31

67 8511 Private Hospitals 0 0 1,073,692

68 8519 Human Health Activities $ 27,467,040.00 $ 1,831,136.00 0 $542,01

69 9000 Garbage Disposal $ 69,629,015.00 $ 511,978.05 $518,464

70 9111 Business $ 24,733,322.68 $ 1,075,361.86 0

71 9233 Conservation $143,271,520.00 $ 1,053,467.06 0

72 9303 Funeral Services $ 1,578,612.00 $ 315,722.40 0

Grand Total $5,642,342,757.58 $41,135,419.10 $19,567,292. $18,356,373.0


25/46

Page24of45

Data below indicates that female dominate in traditional jobs such as food processing, retail,hospitality/ accommodation, restaurant/bars, mailing, banking, medical services and males in goldmining, quarrying, rice milling, sawmilling, welding/fabrication, garbage disposal among others.-though women hold substantial numbers in welding & fabrication.

Table 5.3 GROSS EMPLOYEES BY ETHNICITY, ANNUAL LABOUR EXPENSES, and AVERAGE EMPLOYMENTEXPENSES 2009

No.

ISICCode

Economical Activity

No.ofBusinesses

Male

Female

Afro

Indo

I M O

NotStated

Total

Annual TotalExpenditure on

Labour Cost$

AnnualAverage

EmploymenCost

$

1 1319 Gold Mining 3 62 0 0 0 0 0 0 62 62 47,433,698 765,05

2 1411 Quarry 2 38 3 13 15 13 0 0 0 41 37,510,734 914,89

3 1511 Food Processing 3 151 301 2 11 0 1 1 437 452 302,644,600 669,56

4 1531 Rice Milling 3 81 7 7 78 0 3 0 0 88 51,135,475 581,08

5 1533 Man. Livestock Feeds 1 59 11 16 50 0 4 0 0 70 60,243,339 860,61

6 1551 Man. of Bakery Product 4 53 11 13 42 5 4 0 0 64 38,363,371 599,42

7 1561 Manufacturing of Liquor 1 16 4 4 15 0 1 0 0 20 21,991,200 1,099,56

8 2010 Sawmilling 22 513 84 37 131 101 13 47 268 597 284,505,119 476,55

9 2022 Manufacturing of Blinds 1 4 1 2 0 0 3 0 0 5 5,079,340 1,015,86

10 2422 Manufacturing of Paints 1 61 29 40 43 0 6 1 0 90 75,449,701 838,33

11 2423 Manufacture of Drugs 1 15 22 10 24 1 2 0 0 37 20,397,484 551,28

12 2899 Welding Fabrication 3 625 235 6 1 2 1 0 850 860 427,648,766 497,26

13 3320 Optical Service 1 4 4 5 3 0 0 0 0 8 3,662,000 457,75

14 3610 Production of Furniture 6 93 13 23 59 1 5 1 17 106 120,143,248 1,133,42

15 3691 Sale of Jewellery 1 35 35 0 0 0 0 0 70 70 33,101,924 472,88

16 4010 Transmission of Power 1 22 10 0 0 0 0 0 32 32 27,038,229 844,94

17 4100 Sale of Purified Water 3 396 152 3 1 1 0 0 543 548 731,175,049 1,334,26

18 4520 Construction 1 39 26 36 12 8 5 4 0 65 42,687,800 656,73

19 5020 Machine Shop 2 11 1 2 8 0 2 0 0 12 5,748,376 479,03

20 5030 Sale of Automotive Parts 7 72 36 13 60 2 33 0 0 108 58,201,589 538,90

21 5050 Sale of Petroleum prod. 10 245 156 206 149 35 11 0 0 401 319,112,849 795,79

22 5121 Wholesale of life animals 1 168 126 121 92 20 61 0 0 294 18,892,519 64,26

23 5123 Sale of Industrial. Chemicals 2 10 4 8 5 1 0 0 0 14 9,627,576 687,68

24 5150 Sale of Mining Equipment 2 20 4 14 7 2 1 0 0 24 14,463,720 602,65

25 5211 Retail of food items 20 100 132 73 110 16 14 9 10 232 100,724,898 434,15

26 5231 Retail of Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics 4 48 33 5 13 0 0 0 63 81 80,404,681 992,65

27 5232 Retail of Textiles & HH Goods 21 132 197 109 140 23 54 3 0 329 140,408,086 426,77

28 5233 Electronics Shop 10 77 62 45 81 4 8 1 0 139 66,054,918 475,21

29 5234 Retail of Hardware 16 84 108 25 139 8 20 0 0 192 161,549,843 841,40

30 5239 Retail of Stationary 2 38 45 22 53 3 0 5 0 83 57,440,641 692,05

31 5513 Hospitality/Accommodation 18 126 215 173 82 16 59 4 7 341 227,300,771 666,57


26/46

Page25of45

32 5520 Restaurants, Bars and Canteens 24 54 216 97 72 19 25 10 47 270 117,636,924 435,69

33 6021 Transportation (Taxi Service) 2 17 3 5 12 0 3 0 0 20 5,499,360 274,96

34 6030 Transportation (Trucking Service) 1 6 0 1 5 0 0 0 0 6 2,952,600 492,10

35 6301 Shipping 1 11 25 6 26 0 4 0 0 36 84,059,254 2,334,97

36 6304 Travel Services 1 7 13 13 4 2 1 0 0 20 17,776,800 888,84

37 6411 Mail 1 183 299 0 0 0 0 0 482 482 47,574,400 98,70

38 6420 Telecommunications 3 229 532 16 4 0 1 0 740 761 194,712,000 255,86

39 6519 Banking 1 206 378 0 0 0 0 0 584 584 - -

40 6592 Credit Granting 2 14 10 21 1 0 2 0 0 24 8,383,703 349,32

41 6599 Money Transfer 1 1 4 3 0 0 2 0 0 5 3,596,568 719,31

42 6601 Sale of Insurance 1 2 4 3 3 0 0 0 0 6 4,204,200 700,70

43 7250 Repair & Maintenance of Computer 2 20 8 17 0 0 11 0 0 28 17,344,480 619,44

44 7412 Accounting Services 1 18 20 17 20 0 1 0 0 38 30,995,713 815,67

45 7430 Advertising 3 39 52 32 30 3 2 3 21 91 77,011,612 846,28

46 7511 General Public Service Activities 5 105 136 117 79 6 39 0 0 241 577,654,476 2,396,90

47 7514 Collection of Rates & Taxes 6 128 54 90 63 24 5 0 0 182 134,827,180 740,80

48 7523 Security Services 1 69 38 0 0 0 0 0 107 107 50,450,400 471,49

49 8010 Primary Education 2 4 21 2 22 0 1 0 0 25 9,062,016 362,48

50 8021 Secondary Education 4 20 40 24 18 4 12 2 0 60 33,593,080 559,88

51 8022 Technical Education 6 82 73 84 53 5 13 0 0 155 125,024,619 806,61

52 8511 Medical Services 1 74 268 230 92 7 13 0 0 342 243,162,312 711,00

53 8519 Human Health Activities 2 4 11 8 3 1 3 0 0 15 27,467,040 1,831,13

54 9000 GarbageDisposal 1 136 0 30 91 15 0 0 0 136 69,629,015 511,97

55 9111 Business 3 13 10 17 5 0 1 0 0 23 24,733,322 1,075,36

56 9233 Conservation 2 108 28 49 60 13 13 1 0 136 143,271,520 1,053,46

57 9303 Funeral Services 1 4 1 4 1 0 0 0 0 5 1,578,612 315,72

Grand Total 251 4952 4311 1919 2088 361 463 92 4340 9263 5,642,342,757 41,135,41

Percent 100 53 47 21 23 4 5 1 47 100


27/46

Page26of45

From the sample below one notes that wages and salaries depend on the nature of the industryinvolved, and the technical nature of the job among others.

TABLE 5.4 AVERAGE SALARIES AND HOURS OF WORK - 2009

Average Wages, Salaries and Hours of Work

Occupation Code July Earnings ($) Hours/Worked Paid

Saw Milling & Lumber Yard Establishments 2010

Janitor 9132 16,000 124Clerk 4111 28,620 166

Cleaner 9132 29,600 184

Sales Clerk 5220 31,200 160

Foreman 8141 31,500 180

Cashier 4211 32,000 170

Clerk 4115 36,750 160

Operator 8141 37,011 174

Checker 4131 40,600 160

Saw Doctor 8141 41,000 174

Accounts Clerk 4121 41,599 172

Mechanic 7231 42,666 170Labourer 9332 43,335 168

Security Guard 5169 43,628 164

Porter 9151 46,666 216

Cross Cut Operator 8141 50,000 200

Foreman 8141 50,025 183

Timber Grader 8141 52,000 208

Gang saw operator 8141 55,000 208

Tractor Driver 8331 55,000 208

Junior. Foreman 8141 59,800 208

Manager 1210 63,683 170

Band saw Operator 8141 65,000 208

Fork Lift Operator 8141 65,000 208Managing Director 1317 66,000 176

Scaler 8141 67,600 208

Accountant 2411 68,000 160

Senior Supervisor 3439 75,000 208

Welder 7212 80,000 160

Captain 2470 80,000 160

Administrator 3431 84,000 160

General Manager 1229 85,750 160

Restaurants 5520

Sales Persons 5220 38,333 192

Labourer 9131 29,159 184Cook 5122 29,305 184

Clerk 4111 29,453 184

Counter Staff 5123 32,000 160

Pastry Maker 7412 33,612 192

Kitchen Staff 5122 34,000 184

Cake Decorator 7412 36,000 192

Baker 7412 37,094 192

Clerk 4211 40,000 192


28/46

Page27of45

Supervisor 7410 48,974 192

Washer 9133 42,000 192

Manager 1315 66,000 192

Chief cook 5122 66,139 173

Hotels 5513

Pastry Maker 7412 22,000 96

Bartender 5123 29,477 160

Charwoman 9132 29,658 184

Gardener 6113 32,669 160

Janitor 9132 33,000 172

Maintenance Staff 6113 35,000 163

Cleaner 9132 36,000 184

Handyman 9313 37,491 184

Laundry Attendant 9132 38,133 184

Assistant Cook 5122 38,320 193

Housekeeper 9131 41,250 170

Bar Attendant 5520 43,813 189

Cashier 5123 44,000 160

Cook 5122 44,868 167

Laundry Staff 3439 48,934 176Check in Clerk 4222 50,130 192

Beverage Retailing 5211

Driver 8322 23,968 189

Clerk 4113 27,804 200

Salesman 5220 29,745 179

Sales girl 5220 30,000 176

Clerk 4112 36,000 160

Housekeeper 9131 36,000 168

Labourer 9151 37,278 179

Clerk 4211 38,282 176

Sales Clerk 5220 39,167 176

Bond Clerk 4113 42,500 190

Inventory Clerk 4131 47,910 192

Salesman 5220 49,134 163

Supervisor 3439 49,798 176

Technician 3114 60,000 163

Human Resource Manager 1221 69,000 166

Chief Security 5169 73,800 172

Credit Controller 1221 84,000 166

Manager 1210 91,133 172

Director 1210 147,500 166

Machine Shop- 5020

Bond Clerk 4113 29,250 184Salesman 5220 35,930 179

Maid 9132 50,380 154

Manager 1314 62,500 175

Clerk 4211 69,423 194


Mechanic 7231 75,753 192

Quarry 1411

Labourer 9213 21,600 160


29/46

Page28of45


Carpenter 7123 54,375 160

Security 5169 56,998 166

Guard 5169 59,614 160

Driver 8322 68,000 160

Welder 7212 71,100 166

Captain 8141 92,600 160

Serviceman 7111 99,370 172

Machine Operator 8141 138,852 192

Food Processing 1511/14

Processor 7411 33,400 200

Porter 9151 33,750 184

Advertiser 3415 36,875 184

Driver 8322 40,000 184


Store Clerk 4131 50,000 200

Branch Manager 1210 65,000 176

Payroll Supervisor 3439 80,000 200

Supervisor 3152 90,000 200

Wharf Supervisor 3142 90,000 200Director 1210 100,000 200

Managing Accountant 2411 100,000 200

Office Manager 2470 102,032 173

Rice Milling 1531

Packer 9151 26,000 139

Labourer 9322 28,112 139

Operator 8141 44,350 167

Electrician 7241 45,525 139

Dryer Worker 9322 48,000 184

Quality Control 3152 52,300 206

Senior Operator 8141 56,475 208

Driver 8322 60,000 184

Dryer Operator 8141 60,000 184

Security 5169 61,000 236

Administrative Officer 3439 65,000 200

Stock Feed Manufacture 1533

Cook 5122 35,000 115


Payroll Clerk 4121 35,000 160

Office assistant 9131 35,646 160

Stores Attendant 4131 40,000 160

Cashier 4211 40,000 160

Hatchery Operator 8290 40,000 240Billing Clerk 4131 45,000 184


Supervisor 3439 50,000 240


Operator 8141 76,172 184


Electricity Distribution 4010

Meter Reader 9153 40,733 173


30/46

Page29of45

Clerk 4211 43,333 173


Data Entry Clerk 4114 48,394 173

Driver 8322 56,155 173

Accounts Supervisor 2411 92,400 203

Finance Manager 1221 123,067 173

Engineer 8160 130,000 173

General Manager 1210 175,813 173

Telecommunications 6420

Salesman 5220 32,000 160

Senior Accounts Clerk 4121 35,000 160

Payroll Analyst 4122 40,000 168

Technician 7442 45,000 160


Recruiter 2412 60,000 168

Network Technician 7242 89,000 160

Executive Director 1233 170,000 160

CEO 1210 175,000 160

Water Processing & Distribution 4100

Pharmacist 3221 71,878 171Inventory Clerk 4131 32,625 183

Cashier 4211 40,111 183

Security 5169 49,500 176

Handyman 5220 41,622 160

Sales Clerk 5220 34,450 183

Sales Rep 5220 50,000 176

Customer Service 7134 42,286 146

Plumber 7134 55,211 160

Welder 7212 24,386 84

Mechanic 7231 47,364 176

Craftsman 7239 42,884 160

Plant Operator 9401 45,335 160

Porter 9401 18,400 184

Manager 3152 200,000 146

Advertisement/News Media 7430

Receptionist 4222 43,645 160

Clerk 4211 45,192 192


Junior Graphic Artist 2452 55,000 168

Reporter 3462 56,000 168

Graphic Artist 2452 60,000 160

Administrative Head 1221 76,840 192

Accounts Executive 2419 80,000 160Art Director 1234 170,000 160

Fabrication of Metal 2899

Welder 7212 35,142 176

Data Entry Clerk 4114 40,000 176

CEO 1210 50,000 176

Primary Education (Private) 8010

Clerk 4111 25,000 160

Teacher 3310 29,333 160


31/46

Page30of45

Head Teacher 1228 60,000 160

Secondary Education (Private) 8021

Teacher 3310 41,765 160

Head Teacher 3310 85,000 160

Technical Education 8022

Typist 4112 30,450 150

Janitor 9141 36,990 160

Checker 5219 37,730 146


Typist Clerk 1 4111 37,830 146

Typist Clerk 2 4111 40,245 146

Store Keeper 4131 43,297 160

Clerk 4111 43,894 160

Technician 2330 47,959 160

Customer Relation 5220 50,000 176

Technician 2 2330 50,032 146

Lecturer (Part time) 2330 52,500 42

Instructor 2330 52,984 140

Finance Officer 2411 60,000 136

Lecture 1 2330 81,661 146Lecture 2 2330 111,619 146

Deputy Principal 2413 155,000 160


Government Ministries/Agencies 7511

Cleaner 9132 30,549 168

Librarian 4141 36,344 168

Stores Clerk 4131 37,730 168

Typist Clerk 4112 37,830 164

A/c Clerk 4121 42,915 160

Driver 8322 44,170 163

Lands Surveyor 3431 63,344 168

Laboratory Technician 3152 56,007 160

Clerk 4113 58,915 160

Technician 8161 60,000 160

Documentation Officer 3431 63,324 168


Adm. Officer 2413 79,500 160

Metrication Officer 2413 79,500 160

P.P.O 1224 89,880 160

Junior Manager 2413 105,828 160

Snr. PO 1222 108,639 168

Manager 1212 110,000 160

Manager Scholarship 2412 153,926 168Head of Department 1120 176,954 160

Senior Manager 1212 221,516 160

Town Councils 7514

Charwoman 9132 24,330 148

Janitor 9141 27,700 148

Market Clerk 4211 28,741 168

Clerk 4211 29,520 176

Caretaker 9141 33,390 148


32/46

Page31of45

Handyman 9401 35,661 173

Office Assistant 9151 38,296 160

Finance Clerk 4122 41,305 174

Toll Clerk 4211 47,523 173

Treasurer 3443 54,509 176

Driver 8322 57,564 173

Admin Officer 3439 64,000 168

Town Clerk 3434 64,410 176

Manager 1221 110,769 173

Gas Stations 5050

Attendant 9153 33,434 192

Data Entry 4111 40,200 192

Driver 8322 41,400 192Driver RTW 8322 71,518 192

Wash bay Supervisor 8159 76,596 190

Pump Mechanic 7231 77,845 190

Manager 1314 80,000 180

Depot Supervisor 3431 89,662 192

Operation Manager 3434 112,079 192

Director 1314 160,000 192

Computer Repairs 7250Secretary 4115 30,000 160

Technician 7343 45,000 160

Accounting & Auditing 7412

Security 5169 44,640 196Support Staff 9131 51,692 173

Administrative Assistant 3439 65,000 178


Driver 8322 85,500 208


Audit Clerk 4121 87,595 193

Accountant/Auditor 2411 232,500 202

Tax Senior 2411 750,000 202Director 1210 800,000 171

Waste Disposal Service 9000

Mechanic 7231 36,000 120

Clerk 4122 44,000 120

Supervisor 2412 48,000 128

Security 5169 48,000 192

Manager 1210 56,000 124

Hospitals 8512

Cleaner 9132 34,055 160


Cook 5122 37,732 160

Statistical Clerk 4122 38,315 180Mechanic 7231 41,691 146

Technician 3133 43,297 160

Technician 2221 43,297 160


Hospital Administrator 1221 162,680 160

Medical Doctor 2221 172,033 208

RHO 1228 206,493 160

Drug Manufacturer 2422


33/46

Page32of45

Factory Worker 9151 28,000 160


Sales Clerk 5220 42,790 189

Salesman 5220 42,790 189

Computer Clerk 4114 46,000 160

Labourer 9152 52,500 152


Driver 8322 60,000 160

Driver Salesman 5220 60,000 160

Asst. Supervisor 3439 60,285 203


Credit Supervisor 3411 75,000 176

Production Manager 1222 200,000 173

Managing Director 1210 250,000 173

Sales Manager 1233 265,000 173

Taxi Service 6021

Chauffeur 8332 54,000 216

Travel Service 6304

Cleaner 9132 24,000 72

Clerk 4222 36,000 170Travel Manager 1233 150,000 170

Auto Sales 5030

Store Clerk 4131 30,000 144

Cleaner 9131 30,800 102



Cashier 4211 38,764 155


Labourer 9331 40,000 160

Sales Clerk 5220 40,000 180

Security 5169 43,419 165

Computer Operator 4113 44,744 164

Clerk 4152 46,000 160

Secretary 4115 47,478 170

Technician 3115 47,623 170

Supervisor 3439 66,189 169

Spare Parts Sup 3439 84,000 170

Accountant 2411 142,147 170

Manager 1210 190,000 180

Service Centre Mng 1210 247,642 170


Sales Of Machinery 5150

Office Assistant 9151 41,000 160Administrator 3439 78,000 160

Commercial Banking 6519

Clerk 4222 40,000 180

Cambio Teller 4212 40,800 180


Teller 4212 49,679 180

Customer Service Officer 5220 58,693 180

Officer-in-Charge 1221 161,157 180


34/46

Page33of45

Junior Analyst 3433 166,010 180

Marketing Officer 1223 197,801 180

Managing Assistant 1222 211,450 180

Communications Officer 1224 222,059 180

Security Service 7523


Pawn Broker 6892

Janitor 9132 24,000 192

Attendant 5220 28,000 192

Safe Room Staff 4139 32,000 192


Secretary/Mng 4111 42,588 176

Coordinator 1210 54,000 192

Money Transfer Agency 6599

Security 5169 50,000 192


Supervisor 6599 58,000 192

Insurance Service 6601

Clerk 4121 40,000 176

Accountant 4121 60,000 176

Supervisor 3439 65,000 176

Claim Investigator 3439 65,000 176

Branch Manager 1210 95,000 176

Postal Service 6411


Postal Apprentice 4141 35,000 104

Postman 4142 35,312 104

Clerk 4122 35,436 104

Postal Clerk 4141 47,937 104

Accountant 2412 56,811 104

Senior Postmaster 3431 70,236 104

Managing Accountant 2411 123,259 104


35/46

Page34of45

TABLE 5.5 Some of the top jobs by Industries: JULY 09

Occupation Code July Earnings ($) Hours/Worked Paid

Accounting & Auditing 7412

Security 5169 44,640 196

Support Staff 9131 51,692 173

Administrative Assistant 3439 65,000 178


Driver 8322 85,500 208

Payroll Clerk 4222 87,414 178Audit Clerk 4121 87,595 193

Accountant/Auditor 2411 232,500 202

Tax Senior 2411 750,000 202

Director 1210 800,000 171

Drug Manufacturer 2422


Sales Clerk 5220 42,790 189

Salesman 5220 42,790 189

Computer Clerk 4114 46,000 160

Labourer 9152 52,500 152


Driver 8322 60,000 160

Driver Salesman 5220 60,000 160Asst. Supervisor 3439 60,285 203


Credit Supervisor 3411 75,000 176

Production Manager 1222 200,000 173

Managing Director 1210 250,000 173


Commercial Banking 6519

Clerk 4222 40,000 180

Cambio Teller 4212 40,800 180


Teller 4212 49,679 180


Officer-in-Charge 1221 161,157 180Junior Analyst 3433 166,010 180

Marketing Officer 1223 197,801 180

Managing Assistant 1222 211,450 180

Communications Officer 1224 222,059 180

Technical Education 8022

Typist 4112 30,450 150

Lecture 1 2330 81,661 146

Janitor 9141 36,990 160

Checker 5219 37,730 146


Typist Clerk 1 4111 37,830 146

Typist Clerk 2 4111 40,245 146

Store Keeper 4131 43,297 160Clerk 4111 43,894 160

Technician 2330 47,959 160

Customer Relation 5220 50,000 176

Technician 2 2330 50,032 146

Lecturer (Part time) 2330 52,500 42

Instructor 2330 52,984 140

Finance Officer 2411 60,000 136

Lecture 2 2330 111,619 146

Deputy Principal 2413 155,000 160


36/46

Page35of45


Chapter 6 Conclusion

The 6th Occupational Wages and Hours of Work Survey continues to garner valuable informationon trends regarding wages, salaries and hours of work across occupations and industries inGuyana.

There were significant improvements in producing a survey that has more extensive coverageand an improvement in the quality of the data. Responses were received from eight regionscompared to five regions during the previous years.

Based on the data, approximately 58% of the workforce are on the job between 1 and 4 yearswhich gives an indication of serious problems with retaining workers. Efforts are needed to retainworkers, while providing reasonable compensation packages or conditions of services.

We must take cognizance that more than 90 % of labour force does not have an education abovesecondary level. This issue needs to be addressed in order to maintain a more competitiveeconomy.

Of the 251 establishments, 90 % were Guyanese owned, while 6 % and 4% were ownership withforeign equity or completely foreign owned which indicates the need to move towards increasingforeign investment in the country.

Job categories such as Accountancy, Drug Manufacturing and Commercial Banking, attracted thelargest number of employees and higher paying salaries, while a significant number of personspreferred to work in the heavy-duty machinery working environment on the basis of receiving highpaid salaries resulting in increased demand for training in the latter jobs from our BIT department.


37/46

Page36of45

APPENDIX - AMINISTRY OF LABOUR, HUMAN SERVICES & SOCIAL SECURITY

Lot 1 Water & Cornhill Streets, Stabroek, Georgetown.Tel: 225- 0566, Fax: 227- 1308

2009-08-15

Ministry of Labour, Human Services and Social Security,1 Water and Cornhill Streets.

Phone Statistical Unit2237408

Dear Sir/Madam,

The Ministry of Labour Human Services and Social Security in conjunction with theInternational Labour Organization is conducting an Occupational Wages and Hours ofWork Survey amongst establishments in Guyana from 15thAugust to 31St October 2009.

The Occupational Wages and Hours of Work Survey is intended to generate statistics forwages and salary administration in Guyana. This survey covers establishments in the

regions as well as the private and public sectors.

Your establishment was selected to respond to our questionnaire.Our request is in keeping with provisions of the ILO Convention 160 and Recommendation170, which deal with labour statistics.

Please note that information collected will be held in the strictest confidence and data willnot be reported or presented in any personal manner. From observation of thequestionnaire it will be noticed that on pages 3 and 4 detailed data will requiredaccording to random selection of fifteen positions held. There is provision on page five fortotal earnings for all the employees over a one year period.

This would be our sixth Occupational Wages and Hours of Work Survey, havingcommenced in 2003. The International Labour Organisation has expressed satisfaction inour efforts to provide this vital information and many thanks for your cooperation if youmay have been previously contacted and responded positively.

Queries may be forwarded to our Statistical Unit, telephone number 223-7408

We will be very thankful for your kind assistance and wish your establishment success inits future endeavors

Thanking you,

Trevor Thomas

Permanent Secretary.PHONE # 22-68996, 22- 37408

National HIV & AIDS Workplace PolicyEmbracing the fight against HIV & AIDS


38/46

Page37of45

Visitour website:www.mlhsss.gov.gy

APPENDIX-B

Questionnaire

Ministry of Labour Human Services & Social Security Guyana Occupational Wages Survey, 2009

Date Issued and Identifier

ISIC Code

Name of Establishment: _________________________________________________

Main Economic activity _________________________________________________

Main Product or Services ________________________________________________

Address: _________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

Region: _________________________________________________

Head of Organization:(Name) __________________________________________________

Contact Person: __________________________________________________

Position of Contact person: ________________________________________________

Telephone No.: _________________________________________________

E-mail Address ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Kindly read explanatory notes before responding to questions.
http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/http://www.mlhsss.gov.gy/


39/46

Page38of45

Purpose of Survey

Your establishment has been selected to participate in the Occupational Wages Survey (OWS). The main purpose of this survey is to generatestatistics for wages and salaries administrators and wages and salaries determination in collective bargaining negotiations as well asproductivity computations.

Coverage

Your report should include data only for the establishment in the box to avoid multiple reporting as your other branches may have also beenselected to participate in our survey. The provision of data specific to your establishment will allow us to come up with reliable estimate of

wage rates by industry, region and employment size.

Reference

The reference date of this survey is July 31,2009.

Collection Authority

The information asked for is collected under authority of ILO Convention 160 and recommendation 170. ILO convention 160deals with the importance of collection and dissemination of Labour statistics. Our country is a member of the ILO and hasstrongly supported the progressive policies of the ILO over the years.

Authorized Field Personnel

The MLHS&SS will supervise this survey with guidance and assistance from the ILO Caribbean Office. Staff identified is

employed with the MLH&SS and ID should be presented.

Confidentiality

All information from your establishment will be integrated with others and will be disseminated only in summary orstatistical table.

Available Assistance

If you have problems completing this form or feel you may have difficulties meeting the due date please feel free to contactthe Statistical Unit of the Ministry of Labour Human Services & Social Security at 1 Water & Cornhill Streets, Georgetown.Telephone number223-7408.

Part A- Total Employment by Category

(i) Total ------------------- Male----------- Female------------------

ii)Ethnicity: Afro/Guyanese----------- Indo/Guyanese--------- Amerindians ------------- Mixed ------------- Others ---------------------

iii) Age Range 15- 24 ------------ 25- 29 ----------- 30- 49----------- 5059------------ Over 60 years-------

(ii) Working Proprietor/Partner- Total---------- Male------ --Female ----------

(iii) Contributing Family Member Total------ Male--------Female---------------

(iv) Employees./Wage Earners/Salaried Employees Total------ Male---------Female----------------

2. Please provide the following information for your establishment.

A) Ownership with foreign equity / / Wholly Guyanese owned / / Wholly Foreign owned / /

B) Engaged in export market only / / Domestic market only / / Both / /

C) Multinational YES/ No

D) With Union YES/ No

E) With CBA YES/ No

F) Private Sector/ / Public sector / / Para-Public Sector / /


40/46

Page39of45

Thank you for completing Part A. Please complete Part B.

Part B Occupational Wages

Enter information as required for the remaining items in questionnaire. The information should refer to personsemployed as of July 31, 2009 and the data on earnings refer to the full month of July 2009.

No.SEX

M/F

AGE15

andOver

ETHNICITYAG---Afro

IG IndoI- -Amerindian

M- MixedO-Other

OccupationManager eg Admin.

Mng.Technician eg.

Electrician,Engineer eg Civil,

Mechanical, Electrical

Brief descriptionof main task\and duties

EducationalAttainment(Use Code)1=-Primary2=-Secondary3=. Technical4=-Tertiary0=-None

Experience(use Code)

1=1yr.2=-2-4 yrs.3=-5-9 yrs4=.10-14 yrs5= . >15 Yrs.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15


41/46

Page40of45

OCCUPATIONAL WAGES AND HOURS OF WORK

9NO.

10Enter theMODE OFPAYMENTas follows:1 MTH2 DAY3 HR4 PR5 COMM6 OTH-weekly etc(See Note6)

11Wage paidfor either afull hours, afull days ora fullmonthswork

12Wage paid foreither a fullhours, a fulldays or a fullmonths work

13Enter thetotalearningsreceivedby theemployeefor themonth ofJuly 2009

TotalMonthlyEarnings(See Note9)

$

14Type ofEmployee

(See Note 2)

15Type of

Employee

(See Note 2)

16No. ofnormalhoursworkedin July 2009

(See Note10)

17No. of hourspaid forin July 2009

(See Note11)

Enter thecommencingbasic wagepaid to therespectivenewemployee

(See Note 7)$

Enter thebasic wagepaid to therespectiveEmployee(SeeNote 8)

$

Enter thetype ofemployee ifappropriateas follows:1Apprentice/

Trainee

2 Temporary3 Part time4 Piece- rated

5 Contract6 Full Time7 Others

1

2

3

45

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Thank you for completing Section B. Please complete Section C for the period 1stAugust 2008-31stJuly 2009.


42/46

Page41of45

SECTION C

Total Expenditure of Employer on the following item for the period 1stAugust 2008 to 31st July,2009(12 months or one year).

Labour Cost All Employees G$A Total Earnings (Wages and Salaries paid) in Cash

(See Note 12a)

B Total Earnings in Kind

(See Note 12b)

C Cost of Housing by Employer

(See Note 12c)

D Employers Social Security Expenditure

(See Note 12d)

E Vocational Training

(See Note 12e)

F Cost of Welfare Services

(See Note 12f)

G Other Labour Cost

(See Note 12g)

Total Expenditure on Labour Cost

FOR OFFICAL USE CODED BY: CHECKED BY:

REMARKS:


43/46

Page42of45

IMPORTANT

EXPLANATORY NOTES

1. Please note that columns 1-16 will refer to one case or occupation.2. Assemble a list of the employees of the organization. The list should only consist of employees of the

organization. The list should consist of employees who receive pay for any part of the referenceperiod.

Include:

Full time and part time workers Permanent, temporary and casual employees

Managerial and executive employees Employees who commence work during reference period

Employees who finished work during reference period

Employees absent on paid or prepaid leave (e.g. Annual leave, sick leave.) Employees on workers compensation who continued to be paid

Working proprietors of incorporated businesses.

Exclude all employees who did not receive pay for the reference period, e.g.

Irregular casual who did not receive pay for the reference period

Employees on leave without pay. Employees on strike or stood down without pay.

Exclude also the following persons who, for purposes of this statistical return, are not regarded asemployees:

Directors who are not paid by salary.

Proprietors/ partners of unincorporated businesses. Self employed persons such as subcontractors, owners/drivers and consultant.

Persons paid solely by commission without retainer.

3. From the assembled list enter in the questionnaire the number of persons by category if the totalnumber of employees are more thantwo employees but less than ten employees enter all.

4. If more than nine employees, but less than fifteen employees, enter all.

5. If more than fourteen, then a random sample of fifteen employees will be taken. (Interviewer willguide accordingly).

6. MODE OF PAYMENT

(a) Refers to the manner in which employees are paid as shown by the following categories:

Description Abbreviation Code Description Abbreviation Code(i) MONTHLY MTH 1 (iv) PIECE-RATED PR 4(ii) DAILY DAY 2 (v) ON COMMISSION COMM 5(iii) HOURLY HR 3 (vi) OTHERS -weekly etc OTH 6

(b) PIECE-RATED employees include those who are paid a fixed basic wage plus piece ratedremuneration.


44/46

Page43of45

(c)ON COMMISSION employees include those who are paid a fixed basic wage plus commissions eventhough they may not have earned any commission in July 31 ,2009.

8. BASIC WAGE

Refers to the amount paid to an employee for either a full hours, or a full days or a full months work.

EXCLUDES, overtime payments, shift/food/housing/transport allowances, payroll tax, skill

development levy, other cash payments and payments in kind.

7. COMMENCING BASIC WAGE

Refers to the basic wage (as defined in Note 2) paid to a new employee without any prior relevant

working experience and who was recruited by your company between August1 2008,and July 31,

2009. NOT REQUIRED for apprentices and trainees.

9. TOTAL MONTHLY EARNINGS

a. Refers all remuneration received by an employee for July 2009 before deductions of the employeescontribution to the NIS lateness for work, equipment spoilage, personal income tax deductions and

other deductions payable by the employee.

b. INCLUDES overtime payments commissions, allowances (e.g. shift, food, housing and transport),

service points and other regular cash payments.

c. EXCLUDES payroll tax, skill development, levy, employers contribution to bonuses, productivity or

incentive bonuses, other lump sum payments and payments in kind.

10. Normal hours of workNumber of hours per day, or week, in excess of which any time worked is

remunerated at overtime rates or forms an exception to the rules or customs of the establishment.

11. Hours paid for: include all hours actually worked, as well as hours paid for annual leave, public

holidays, sick leave, and similar paid absences or time away from work.


45/46

Page44of45

12.SECTION C

Labour Cost:Labour cost is the actual cost incurred by the employer in the employment of labour. A description ofeach type of expenditure on labour cost is given below.

a) Total EarningGross pay for normal and overtime work, bonus & gratuities.

b) Payments in kindThis represents the value of goods and services given to the worker by the establishment asremuneration. If the goods or services are produced by the establishment they should be valued at

production cost; if purchased by the establishment they should be valued at acquisition cost.Included are payments in kind for fuel (e.g. electricity, gas), food, drinks and other items such asclothing and footwear. Housing and social security benefits are not included here.

c) Cost of workers housing:Where the dwelling is owned by the establishment, this cost takes the form of the cost of repairs,maintenance, interest and depreciation. Where the dwelling is not housing: owned by theestablishment, the cost takes the form of housing allowances and grants paid directly to employees.

d) Employers contribution to National Insurance SchemeThis comprises the employers contributions on behalf of the workers to the National Social InsuranceScheme, as well as to private pension and medical insurance schemes. also security included areseverance and termination pay.

e) Vocational Training InstitutionsTeaching materials, and reimbursement of school fees to workers. Cost of instructors and trainingIncluded are fees and other payments for training done by instructors

f) Cost of welfare services

This includes the cost of cultural and recreational facilities and services for staff.

g) Other labour cost

Included here are the cost of transporting workers to and from work by the employer and thereimbursement of fares and labour costs not elsewhere included.

END OF QUESTIONNAIRE


46/46

APPENDIX C. List ofPersonnel Involved in theSurvey

Survey Coordinator:

Blenman, Carole

Steering Committee:

Name Designation

Henry, Ivelaw Chief Statistical Officer

Blenman, Carole Statistical Officer

Benjamin-Samuels, Abike Statistical Officer

Onwuzirike, Onyekachukwu Statistical Officer

Enumerators:

Basdeo, Prandatt

Benjamin-Samuels, Abike

Bess, Maxean

Bissoondial, Ronald

Blenman, Carole

Branco, Merlene

Forde, Karen

Gardiner, Dawn

Glasgow, Shondell

Henry, Ivelaw

Moore, Valerie

Nichols, Neville

Onwuzirike, Onyekachukwu

Primus, Carol

Rawana, Marioye

Semple, Dexter

Solomon, Charles

Steaman, Corleen

Sultan, Saudia

Williams, Brenda

Willis, Stanislaus

Data Entry:

Henry, Ivelaw

Onwuzirike, Onyekachukwu