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Isu-isu moral
SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI
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Thirty years after the first test-tube baby, Nature asks various experts for theirviews on what the next thirty years of reproductive medicine will bring. Some ofthe more startling predictions are:
No more infertility, with both children and 100-year-olds able to have children
Embryos created from stem cells, increasing the ease of embryo research andgenetic engineering of children
with the resulting greater availability of embryos making it easier to createcloned humans
Artificial wombs, enabling babies to develop outside the mothers body
which, some worry, could become compulsory as an alternative to abortion, orto avoid premature birth or fetal alcohol syndrome
Genetic cassettes implanted in embryos to counteract the effects of inherited
diseases Increase in litigation following evidence that IVF babies may later suffer adverse
effects from the environment in which they were grown as embryos
http://www.practicalethicsnews.com/practicalethics/cloning/
http://www.nature.com/news/2008/080716/full/454260a.htmlhttp://www.nature.com/news/2008/080716/full/454260a.html7/31/2019 Sains Dan Teknologi_09
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Cloning and animal exploitation
The Daily Mail reports this morning that 8 clone-offspringcows have been born in the UK. Also today, the first survey ofpublic opinion on clone farming has been released indicating
significant unease and opposition to the idea of meat productsor milk from cloned sources.
There are strict prohibitions on reproductive cloning forhumans in most countries (for example, the recently debatedHFEA bill in the UK, and the Human reproductive CloningAct 2001). However there are few, if any, constraints on thecloning of animals. Is this the start of a new era of animalexploitation?
Continue reading "Cloning and animal exploitation"http://www.practicalethicsnews.com/practicalethics/cloning/
http://www.practicalethicsnews.com/practicalethics/2008/06/cloning-and-ani.htmlhttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1024578/Clone-farm-cows-born-Britain-How-long-meat-milk-sale-shops.htmlhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2008/jun/06/foodtech.foodhttp://www.practicalethicsnews.com/practicalethics/2008/05/hfea-and-regula.htmlhttp://www.practicalethicsnews.com/practicalethics/2008/06/cloning-and-ani.htmlhttp://www.practicalethicsnews.com/practicalethics/2008/06/cloning-and-ani.htmlhttp://www.practicalethicsnews.com/practicalethics/2008/06/cloning-and-ani.htmlhttp://www.practicalethicsnews.com/practicalethics/2008/06/cloning-and-ani.htmlhttp://www.practicalethicsnews.com/practicalethics/2008/05/hfea-and-regula.htmlhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2008/jun/06/foodtech.foodhttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1024578/Clone-farm-cows-born-Britain-How-long-meat-milk-sale-shops.htmlhttp://www.practicalethicsnews.com/practicalethics/2008/06/cloning-and-ani.html7/31/2019 Sains Dan Teknologi_09
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Isu etika dalam sains dan
teknologi
Sains adalah mendapat pengetahuan
Teknologi adalah cara sistematik untuk mencapai
tujuan atau matlamat manusia
Kedua-duanya baik
Masalah etika timbul apabila menggunakan teknologi
dan sains
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Isu etika dalam sains dan
teknologi
Penyelidikan sains menggunakan manusia
Kumpulan kawalan
Kumpulan treatmen
Beritahu kepada yang terlibat
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Isu etika
Patutkah memberitahu pihak yang terlibat
Jujur tak dalam menjalankan kajian saintifik?
Kemudaratan dan faedah berkait dengan penggunaan
teknologi?
Kebebasan
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Contoh isu etika
Reproduction and genetic technologies
Reproduction
Control conception, pregnancy and birth
Test-tube babies Cloning human beings
The use of surrogate mother
Genetics
Human Genome Project Detect diseases that are caused by genetics
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Contoh isu etika
Privacy, databases and screening procedures
Privacy of medical records
The value of privacy
Autonomy
Feelings
Relationship
Avoid harming oneself
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Contoh isu etika
Privacy, databases and screening procedures
Screening and drug
Employer to test for drug free employees The interest of one side must outweigh the interest of the other side
Consequentalistsmandatory testing would really produce more
harm than good or more good than harm
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Contoh isu etika
Risk and value of life
To determine whether a certain risk is acceptable some
people have urged us to use a willingness- to-pay
criterion
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Isu-isu etika dalam Human
Cloning
Potential for physical harms
Psychological harm
Possible loss of a sense of uniqueness
Issues of identity and individuality
Is there a moral human right to a unique identity?
Lack of independence
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Ethics of rights and personal autonomy versus
principles of equality, benevolence
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