SA Rhino Poaching Incidents 2000 – 2010 (August)
Jan – August 2010
391R 136,850,000
R 65,100,000
290R 101,500,000
Northern Cape
Western Cape
Eastern Cape
Free State
North West
Limpopo
Mpumalanga
Kwazulu Natal
GP
14
10
KNP79
27
15
35
3
2
Rhino Poaching Incidents : South Africa Jan – August 2010Illegally Hunted =(186) : Arrests = (62)
1
9
5
4
32
12
KNP Rhino Poaching Incidents 2000 – 2010 (August)
KNP Sections Jan – Aug 201012 / 22
R 27,650,000
124R 43,400,000
18
4
14
8
7
Rhino Poaching Incidents : KNP Jan – August 2010Illegally Hunted =(79) : Arrests = (32)
3
8
4
4
3
2
4
1
4
4
5
4
1
8
5
Rhino Poaching Incidents: South Africa : Jan – Aug 2010
1Protected Area /Private Land - Poaching Individual / Groups
(Park and Farm Management)
4International
Couriers / Buyers / Exporter(NWCRU)
3National – Couriers / Buyers / Exporter
(NWCRU)
2Local – Poaching Groups / Couriers / Buyers
(NWCRU, Park and Farm Management)
Rhino Horn Conduits - Organized Crime Levels of Threat
5InternationalConsumer
Buyer(NWCRU)
Conduit
NWCRUProvincial Teams
NWCRUNational Team
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
Rhino Poaching Arrests: South Africa : Jan – Aug 2010 (62)
Poaching Level KNP GP MP EC LP NW FS KZN WC NC SA Totals Level Description
Level 1 26 4 3 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 43 Poacher
Level 2 5 0 1 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 13 Poacher/Coordinator
Level 3 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Syndicate/National
Level 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Syndicate/Regional
Level 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Syndicate/Driver
Total Arrests 32 9 4 5 12 0 0 0 0 0 62
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
Incident
1 2 3 4 5
Levels of Threat
Illegal Hunting Illegal Possession / Trading Corruption / Racketeering
InterpolProvincial NWCRU National NWCRU
Investigation Process
LocalPark National International Consumer
Investigation Complexity
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
1
2
3
4
5
ThreatLevels
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
NWCRUInvestigations
National
Provincial
Parks
ProvincialSAPS OCU
DesignatedProsecutorsProvincial
PrivateLandowners
PrivateSecurity
EMI / APU
DEAEMI
1
2
3
4
5
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION
1
2
3
4
5
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
NWCRUInvestigations
National
Provincial
DesignatedSenior Prosecutor
NationalNational
SAPS OCU
SpecialistSupport
AssetForfeiture
SARS
1
2
3
4
5
ThreatLevels
INTERPOL
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION
DEAEMI
NWCRUInvestigations
National
Provincial
Parks
DesignatedSenior Prosecutor
National
ProvincialSAPS OCU
DesignatedProsecutorsProvincial
NationalSAPS OCU
SpecialistSupport
AssetForfeiture
PrivateLandowners
PrivateSecurity
EMI / APU
DEAEMI
SARS
1
2
3
4
5
ThreatLevels
INTERPOL
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
DEAEMI
Parks
Law EnforcementProsecuting Authority
PrivateLandowners
Local Authorities
NWCRUInvestigators
National
1
2
3
4
5
ThreatLevels
INTERPOL
Wildlife InvestigationsInternational
Authority
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
• Implementing an immediate action plan aimed at mitigating the current escalation;• Securing the shared commitment of government (at national and provincial level),
private land owners local communities and international stakeholders;• Supporting a national coordination structure for information management, law-
enforcement response, investigation and prosecution;• Developing an integrated national information management system for all
information;• Investigating proactive security measures aimed at facilitating regulated and
controlled international trade in the species, and any associated by-products.
Objectives
National Policy / Strategy: Rhino Poaching
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
• Focus - policy is on safety and security;• Recognize - marked escalation in the threat to the security of rhino;• Accept - resourcing of the initiatives & backed by political will is paramount;• Accept - positive interaction and relationships with all stakeholders facilitates effective and
efficient information exchange;• Support - development of an environmental crime investigation unit;• Support - national crime investigation and information management mechanism;• Accept - highly motivated, well trained, resourced and equipped personnel, are the single most
important factor ensuring the success;
Principle Statements
National Policy / Strategy: Rhino Poaching
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
• Accept - research data is currently not adequate;• Adhere - to accepted and lawful criminal investigation procedures;• Recognise - need for Research and Development of new investigation techniques;• Recognise - monitoring and evaluation systems are essential;• Accept - understanding of the end-user demand is required;• Adopt - relationship with all recognized NGO stakeholder groups;
Principle Statements continued
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
• Immediate action plan;• Shared commitment;• Resources;• Political will;• National coordination structure- Investigation & prosecution;• National information management system;• Proactive security measures aimed at facilitating regulated and controlled international trade;
Proposed Intervention strategies and/or activities
Implementing an immediate action plan aimed at mitigating the current threat, to the rhino population, posed by the escalation in poaching and the illegal trade in rhino horns and associated by-products;
Policy Outcome 1
Actions
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
• Interim National Wildlife Crime Reaction Unit (NWCRU);• Evolve into a permanent NWCRU structure;• Support from all stakeholders;• Secondment of officials;• Joint operations;• Inter-departmental analysis;• Risk and threat assessment;• Information sharing;• Common understanding of best practices;• Interim minimum standards;• Community-based security and policing initiatives;• Budget and skilled manpower;• Monitoring mechanisms;• Coordinated conservation initiatives and sensitise private sector to training;
Actions continued ….
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
Securing the shared commitment of government (at national and provincial level), private land owners’ local communities and international stakeholders, as well as the necessary financial and manpower resources and political will to implement this policy;
• Political commitment and mandate;• Identify relevant role-players/stakeholders;• Stakeholder participation and commitment;• Communication structure with all stakeholders;• Information sharing; • Adequate budget;• Additional financial resources;• Lobby support and acceptance;
Policy Outcome 2
Actions
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
Supporting the establishment of a national coordination structure for information management, law-enforcement response, investigation and prosecution;
• National Wildlife Crime Reaction Unit;• Implementation plan;• Memorandums of Understanding (MOU’s) with stakeholders;• Development of protocols and monitoring tools;• Sharing of best practices;• Minimum standards and specifications for enhancing compliance;• Specialised environmental courts;• Adequate human capital at the government and private sector level;
Policy Outcome 3
Actions
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
• National database;• Information sharing mechanisms;• Applied scientific research ; • National permit system for all CITES permits;• Inter-departmental analysis of all available information;
Developing an integrated and coordinated national information management system for all information related to rhino species in order to adequately inform security related decisions;
Policy Outcome 4
Actions
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
• Comparative technical study on current international projects and research;• Support all international initiatives;• Support Regional initiatives;• Support optimal demographic and genetic management of rhino populations;• Support Biodiversity Management Plan for species;• Monitoring;• Impact of agreements, legislation and policies not related to NEMA;• Research & Development of new investigation techniques;
Investigating proactive security related measures aimed at possibly facilitating a better understanding for any possible future regulated and controlled international trade in the species, and any associated by-products;
Policy Outcome 5
Actions
NATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIME REACTION INITIATIVE
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