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Roman Republic/Empire

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Advantage’s of Rome’s location?

• Peninsula

• Midpoint of Mediterranean Sea

• Vast rich farmland7/2013

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In 509 B.C., Romansoverthrew the Etruscan king (tyrant)

Rome began as acity state with a monarch.

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part of the official title of a king

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Republic

System of Government where the people have the power to work and chooseleaders

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All ___________ have the right to vote

2 executiveconsuls

Poor/Slaves/Newcomers Patrons

Status and influence

Land-owningAristocracy

Real power of important

decisions

ClientsStrikes &Refusals

To do duty

Tribune of the people

Peoples

CitizenFarmers/traders

Hold publicOffice for

Marry patricians

Veto Lawsmade bysenate

12 StoneTablets in

forum

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What is the Significance of the Twelve Tables?

• The Foundation of Roman Law• Settled dispute between Patricians and

Plebeians• The Earliest Surviving piece of

Literature coming from the Romans.• Held the Society together7/2013

Izydorczak 97/2013

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Punic Wars

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Punic Wars• 1st War: Rome wins and gains Sicily

• 2nd War: Hanibal crosses the Alps and invades Italy. He does much damage but is unable to take Rome

• 3rd War: Roman Politicians convince the Roman military to attack Carthage.

- Carthage is destroyed- The people are killed or sold into slavery- - Romans pour salt on the fields to make them barren7/2013

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Republic Collapses

• Rome’s victory in Carthage brought conflict between the rich and poor in Rome

(Civil War)• Triumvirate (three leaders) formed.• Civil War between three leaders• Generals are popular with discontented

(unhappy) citizens • Julius Caesar made reforms and

increased his popularity7/2013

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Republic Collapses

• Julius Caesar wins civil war and becomes absolute ruler

• Members fear that he is becoming to powerful, kill him

• Augustus, Caesar’s nephew take over power

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Octavian Augustus

Pax Romana - Roman Peace 7/2013

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- Bible- Old Testament- New Testament

- Golden Rule- Morality (right & wrong)

- 10 Commandments- Dietary Laws (fasting,

no meat on Friday)

- Roman Emperor Constantine converts

- Eventually all Roman citizens become Christians

- Jesus = Savior/Messiah- Baptism

- Monotheistic- Resurrection

- Holly Trinity (Father, son,holy spirit)

- Heaven- Spiritual Morality

- Jesus- 12 Apostles/

Disciples- Priests/Bishops/Pope

- Peter, Paul- Constantine7/2013

Izydorczak 177/2013

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Downfall of theEmpire:

Decline of Rome

•Oppressive gov’t loss or • pop support

• No way to choose next emperor

• Strongest general• became emperor• Gladiators

•Mercenaries- Army • full of hired

soldiers• with divided

loyalties• Invasions

• Heavy taxes• high

unemployment• gap between rich and poor

• Are selfish & lazy

• Low morals• Patriotism is

down

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