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Role of a Quality AnalystRole of a Quality Analyst
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What is Quality AssuranceWhat is Quality Assurance
´The Quality assurance process is a
process for providing adequate
assurance that the software
products and processes in the
project life cycle conform to their
specified requirements and adhereto their established plans.µ
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What is Quality ControlWhat is Quality Control
Quality control is a set of product
specifications which prioritizes and
links the product development
process so that it assures high quality as defined by the end-user.
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Difference between QADifference between QA
and QCand QC
QC QA
Focused on improving
product quality
Focused on processes
and procedures
Verifies specificattributes of the product
Defn of work proceduresand guidelines
Specific products and
services
Sets measurement
program to evaluate
process
Focuses on inspection,testing and removal of
defects
Identifies weakness inthe process and improves
them
Responsibility of worker Responsibility of
Management
Doing good!! Doing right!!
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The QA PhilosophyThe QA Philosophy
The inherent philosophy of Quality
Assurance for software systems
development is to ensure the system
meets or exceeds the agreed uponrequirements of the end-users; thus
creating a high-quality, fully-functional
and user-friendly application.
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Quality AttributesQuality Attributes
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Is There a Difference betweenIs There a Difference between
TestingTesting and Qualityand Quality AAssurance(QA)?ssurance(QA)?
The goals of testing and QA are
different:
The goal of testing is to find the
errors.
The goal of QA is to prevent the
errors in the program.
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Phases of the TestingPhases of the Testing
ProcessProcess
1. Master test plan
2. Test requirements development
3. Test case design4. Test case development
5. Test execution
6. Results analysis
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The Master Test PlanThe Master Test Plan
The testing group project plan
² Written for a testing phase
² Inputs: Development project plan, system
specifications Purpose
² Describes the scope, approach, resources,
and schedule of the testing activities
² Identifies features to be tested, testing tasks,people responsible for tasks, risks associated
with plans
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Master Test PlanMaster Test Plan
Requirements and limitations ² Defines the goals of the testing process, technical
requirements imposed by the customer, by developers, or bythe product itself.
Items to be tested ² Identifies the software features and the combination of
features that will or will not be tested Testing approach
² Specifies the major activities, techniques, and tools which are used to test the designated group of features.
Success/failure criteria ² Defines criteria to determine whether test cases pass or fail
Exit Criteria ² Determines when to suspend, resume and exit the test cycle
Test environment ² Required hardware, software, configurations, operating
systems
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Role and responsibilities ² Identifies the groups, staffing, and skills required for
managing, designing, and executing the testingproject.
Schedule ² Includes milestones in the testing project
Risks and contingencies ² Identifies high-risk issues and contingency plans
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Test RequirementsTest Requirements
DevelopmentDevelopment
Writing test requirements
System Decomposition ² Divide system into manageable units
based on functionality, modules, or business areas
Specify test requirements
² Types of input (without specific data) ² Interactions
² Environment conditions
² Positive / negative requirements
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Writing Test RequirementsWriting Test Requirements
Input sources
² Specification document (if exists)
² Internal/external documentation
² Interview developers ² Training materials
² Software itself
Tools
² Microsoft Word
² QSS Doors
² TBI Caliber
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Designing TestsDesigning Tests
Design test cases that cross over requirements
² More efficient
² Minimize number of required tests ² Greater chance of detecting bugs
Create tests that cross over functional areas, based on possibleuser scenarios.
Find the ¶golden path· between sizeand maintainability
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Test ContentTest Content
Developing a test
² Starting/environment conditions
² Test cases
Specific input data Expected results for each input
(Verification points)
² Test procedures (actions)
Reviewing a test ² Test design requires review and/or
debugging
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Levels of TestLevels of Test
Basic/Sanity ² Most risky areas
² Most visible/frequently performed by users
² Address positive requirements
Medium/Standard ² The majority of the tests
² Combine positive/negative requirements
² Address requirements with high chance of customer execution
Advanced ² Mainly negative requirements
² Risky areas, but less likely to be reached by customer
² Complicated sequences
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Order of Test ExecutionOrder of Test Execution
1. Big fixes verification
Perform even if no tests exist
Check fix and ¶around· fix
2. Change verification
New features
Modified features
3. Test cycle execution
Cycle- a group of tests executed
together with a common objective
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Other Kinds of TestingOther Kinds of Testing
Black box testing
White box testing
Unit testing
Incremental integrationtesting
Integration testing Functional testing
System testing
End-to-end testing
Regression testing
Acceptance testing
Load testing Stress testing
Performance testing
Usability testing
Alpha testing
Beta testing
Mutation testing
Comparison testing
User acceptance testing
Ad-hoc testing Exploratory testing
Compatibility testing
Security testing
Recovery testing
Install/Uninstall testing
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Independent VerificationIndependent Verification
and Validationand Validation
Software IV&V is a systems engineering processemploying rigorous methodologies for evaluatingthe correctness and quality of the softwareproduct throughout the software life cycle
Independent ² Technical: IV&V prioritizes its own efforts
² Managerial: Independent reporting route to ProgramManagement
² Financial: Budget is allocated by program andcontrolled at high level such that IV&V effectiveness isnot compromised
Verification (Are we building the product right?)
Validation (Are we building the right product?)
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IV&V ApproachIV&V Approach
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IV&V ActivitiesIV&V Activities
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QA across the SDLCQA across the SDLC
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Software used to Test aSoftware used to Test a
Quality SystemQuality System
TestDirector
Winrunner
QuickTest Professional
Loadrunner
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TestDirector TestDirector
TestDirector provides the
framework for the entire testing
process
TestDirector affects the testing
process and organization
² Requirement Engineering
² Test Case Development ² Test Set Scenarios
² Defect Tracking
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Mapping Customer Mapping Customer
Methodology to TDMethodology to TD
TestDirector implementation plan musttake into account:
Current state of the customer ² Project deadline
² Project status (stability, completeness)
² Technology
² Existing process & methodology
² Potential volume of testware
Customer expectations ² Short-term goals
² Long-term goals
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Winrunner Winrunner
Creates automated scripts for GUI,
functional and regression testing of
the AUT
Uses multiple verification types to
ensure sound functionality
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QuickTest ProfessionalQuickTest Professional
Provides the industry·s best solution for
functional test and regression test
automation
Introduces next-generation ́ zero-configurationµ Keyword Driven testing
technology in QuickTest Professional 8.2
Preserves your investments in Mercury
WinRunner test scripts, by leveraging TSL assets from QuickTest
Professional/WinRunner integration
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LoadRunner LoadRunner
Prevents costly performance problems inproduction by detecting bottlenecks before anew system or upgrade is deployed
LoadRunner is used when:
² Trying to find how many users can be added withoutdecreasing system performance
² Which server to use for supporting multiple users
² Finding if the system response time meets therequirements
² Assessing whether the system is reliable enough to go
into production
² Finding what is the cause of performance degradation
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Examples of QAExamples of QA
RequirementsRequirements
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