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Forest
Management in
India
Challenges and
opportunities
Dr V K Bahuguna, IFSDirector GeneralICFRE
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Status of forest management in India
with references to challenges and
opportunities
What is ICFREs contribution in
meeting those challenges
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Forest Cover in India
23.81% of the total geographic area of the country is
under forests and Tree cover (as per ISFR 2011)
Against the goal of 33.33% as per national forest
policy
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ConservationDevelopment
Balancing Pressures on Forests
ChallengesDegradation of biodiversity and life support systems
Food and water security
Ever mounting Population pressure on natural resources
Forest Dependence syndrome
Sustainable Management
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Forestry
Increasing quality of the natural forest, scaling up
tree cover outside forest, and enhancement of
productivity of plantations both inside & outside
forest through technological interventions
Meeting
enhanced
industrial raw
material
requirements.
Limited land
availability.
Climatechange:
Drought,
salinity,
flooding,
high CO2
Meeting National goal of 3 to 4 cubic meters of biomass per
hectare per year
Livelihood
means for
farmers
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Net-Change in the Forest Cover since2001 Assessment
(Area in km2)
Assessme
nt Year
Dense
Forest
Open
Forest
Total Forest
Cover
2001 416,809 258,729 675,538
2003 390,564 287,769 678,333
Change - 26,245 29,040 2,795
2005 403,420 286,751 690,171
2007 402,522 288,377 690,899
2011 6,92,027
Change-
(2007)
- 898 1,626 728
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Comparative Figures of Growing Stock(2003 Assessment)
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
India
South and South East Asia
Asia
World
Cubic meter per hectare
2011 Assessment: Total GS of India is 6047.15 m cum(Inside Forest: 4498.73 m cum & TOF: 1548.42 m cum)
Total carbon stock ofcoutrys forests: 6663 m tonnes
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GS in forest for top 10 forest species 2007Assessment
Name of theSpecies
Total Vol % Total Stem %
Shorea robusta 8.53 8.13
Tectona grandis 4.59 7.32
Pinus roxburghii 3.10 2.14
Terminaliacrenulata 3.06 3.74
Anogeissus latifolia 2.80 4.26
Abies pindrow 2.47 0.44
Quercussemicarpifolia
2.15 0.96
Cedrus deodara 2.05 0.59
Pinus excelsa 2.03 0.83
Abies smithiana 1.98 0.20
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NATURAL FOREST MANAGEMENT Present challenges
Reduced dependence on natural forests for
wood production.
The inventories suggest that the contributionof commercial timber species of the growing
stock of forest is fast decreasing. Regeneration is insignificant for these valuable
spp.
Yield of bamboo coupes decreasing due to lackof appropriate clump managementinterventions in natural bamboo forests.
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Substantial decrease of NTFP &medicinal plants.
Retrogressive succession is fastengulfing the different types of foresttypes giving place to obnoxious weeds.
Serious impairment of nutrient cyclingof the forest ecosystem because ofregular incidences of fire, uncontrolledgrazing, erosion and compactness of
the site.
NATURAL FOREST MANAGEMENT Present Scenario
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- Advent of JFM to manage and protect thedegraded forest through manipulation ofvarious cultural operations (revitalization ofviable rootstock of economically important
species, stool coppicing, singling, gapplanting; clump management of bamboos;preferential treatment of NTFP species) withintensive smc works.
- No sustainable livelihood base in terms ofshort-rotation plantations to get continuousannual economic returns
NATURAL FOREST MANAGEMENT Present Scenario
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Joint Forest Management as strategyto link livelihood with conservation
Two decades of evolution.
1,18,213 JFMCs managing 22.94 million haof forest land in the country.
Annual benefit per JFMC works out to Rs2.50 lakhs and annual monetary benefit offorest produce per family comes to Rs
1943.94.
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Arid Forest Research InstituteJodhpur
Himalayan Forest Research InstituteShimla
Rain Forest Research Institute
Jorhat
Institute of Forest Productivity
Ranchi
Tropical Forest Research InstituteJabalpur
Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree BreedingCoimbatore
Forest Research InstituteDehradun
Institute of Wood Science and TechnologyBangalore
ICFRE National presence
Centre for Social Forestry & Eco-rehabilitation, Allahabad
Centre for Forestry
Research & HRD, Chindwara
Forest Research Centre,
Hyderabad
Advanced Research Centre for Bamboo &Rattans, Aizawl
ICFRE headquarters
Dehradun
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HUMAN RESOURCEA. Scientific staff
i) Scientists 280
ii) IFS 85
iii) RO 62
B. Technical staff
(RA I, RA II, TA Gr C, etc.) 682
C) Others
(Administrative / Support) 1048
Total 2157
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ICFREs contributionManaging forests and forest products for
livelihood supportEx-situ medicinal plant gardens (NE region)
Model plantations of bamboo (Six zones of TN)
Agroforestry demonstration plots (Central / NERegions)
Reclaiming waterlogged areas (TFRI)
Eco-restoration of overburden dumps mines
(Eastern region)Models for Jhum lands (NE)
Natural dyes (FRI)
Bio-fertilizers (IFGTB)
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Biodiversity conservation and ecological
security Eco-friendly pest management (Southern India)
Precision silviculture practices for casuarina(IFGTB)
Plant diversity assessment of protected areas
(TFRI)
Digitization of FRI herbarium (3.3 lakh specimen) Preservation of DNA of 1000 fungi (FRI)
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Forestry interventions for climate change
mitigation and adaptation
Micro met tower to measure canopy level
gaseous exchange at FRI
Soil organism carbon inventory for some
states Phenological studies in relation to climate
change
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Task Force
to undertake a comprehensive study on
Assessment of Forest Types of IndiaThe forest types of India classified in 1968,
Since then forests of India have undergone anumber of changes due to several factors includingclimatic variations
Vital basic information for Forest Management
Key for monitoring impact of climate change
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Management and improvement of forest genetic
resources
Guidelines for Testing and Releasing of TreeVarieties and Clones
High yielding clones of Eucalyptus, Casuarina, poplar
and other species released
188 rhizomes of 115 bamboo clones conserved (NE)
Germplasm bank of selected oil yielding trees (FRI)
Productive hybrids and clones of Shisham (FRI)
Genetic Improvement of tamarind in South India
Genotyping and DNA fingerprinting (IFGTB/FRI)
Timber Forensics (FRI)
FRI U i it
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FRI University Doctoral programmes (1285)
4 M.Sc. Courses (2649)M.Sc. Forestry, M.Sc. Wood Science & Technology, M.Sc. Environment
Management & M.Sc. Cellulose & Paper Technology
1 Post Masters Diploma Course (Natural ResourceManagement )
2 Post Graduate Diploma CoursesForest Genetics, Tree Improvement & BiotechnologyAroma Technology
SAARC Scholarship
South Asian Network of Forestry Research
Institutes
NEW INITIATIVES.
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Extension Activities
Van Vigyan Kendrasjoint collaboration with SFD
Demonstration Village
joint collaboration with SFD
Inbuilt extension component
Direct to Consumer SchemeAn innovative initiative to link researchdirectly with field application.
i
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Environment Management
Consultancies NumberTotal cost
(Rs. in crore)Completed 30 11.55
Ongoing 13 5.62
Total 43 17.17
Hydropower, Mining, Tourism and Infrastructure DevelopmentOnly organisation doing holistic EIA
I i P l b d A f i
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Innovative Poplar based Agroforestry program in
Vaishali district 76 lakh plants
Spread over 1,398 villages, 61,000 farmers, all 16
blocks of Vaishali district
4.5 to 7.0 lakh metric tonnes of wood production
from 2015 onwards
Expected income of USD 4000 per ha
NEW INITIATIVES
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NEW INITIATIVES.
FIRST INDIAN FOREST CONGRESS 2011
Organized from November 22nd to 25th, 2011
Key Scientific event in India in the International
Year of forests 2011
Eminent personalities attended
Broad spectrum of Stakeholders participated Adoption of 17 point Charter
http://charter-ifc%202011.doc/8/1/2019 Revised Forest Mgt Challenges Icfre Dg
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Forestry in the Service of
Nation: ICFRE
Technologies-Lack of informationearlier
- Now in Public Domain
- ICFRE technologies &
processes developed,extension activities
undertaken, contribution
in forestry education &
informing readers about
the history of scientific
forestry in India.
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Voices From The Field- 36 stories from grass-roots to share and inspire
- Have impacted the life of a common man- Forest Protection
Research Publications of ICFRE & Institutes
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Research Publications of ICFRE & Institutes
S.No
Institute Publications
1 Forest Research Institute, Dehradun 7,9232 Arid Forest Research Institute, Jodhpur 484
3 Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Shimla 166
4 Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding,Coimbatore
599
5 Institute of Forest Productivity, Ranchi 83
6 Institute of Wood Science and Technology,Bangalore
626
7 Rain Forest Research Institute, Jorhat 63
8 Tropical Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur 728
Total 10,662
On an av., 500-600 per year; 25% in foreign
published journals
R d Th A
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Revamped Thrust Areas
1. Managing forests and forest products for
livelihood support and economic growth2. Biodiversity conservation and ecological
security
3. Forests and climate change4. Forest genetic resource management and Tree
Improvement
5. Forestry Education and Policy Research to meet
emerging challenges
6. Forestry Extension for taking Research to People
Above thrust areas are further divided into 35
themes for focused research.
NEW INITIATIVES
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Ginger Group
Consultative group of ICFRE scientists To think beyond the traditional concept of
stakeholder / demand driven / need driven
research concepts To bring innovative ideas and out of box
thinking for solving the problems of
Consumers on the issues relating to emergingchallenges of forestry science
NEW INITIATIVES.
NEW INITIATIVES
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Knowledge Pool
Consultative group of field foresters at ICFRE To bring innovative ideas for solving the
contemporary problems of forest management
in the country
To improve the communication between
scientists, research workers and consumers/
stakeholders of research
NEW INITIATIVES.
NEW INITIATIVES.
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NEW INITIATIVES.
Think Tank
Nationwide representation of scientific
force
Eminent Foresters and Scientists from all
over the country
To infuse new thinking and address the
gaps between forestry and research
All I di C di t d P j t
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All India Coordinated Projects
All India Climate Change Forestry Research
Programme AICFP
Fringe forest area development linked to livelihood,
food and water security and climate change
Resource potential of NTFPs Bio-prospecting and Bio-piracy
Tree improvement
Forest hydrology
Mangrove and marine ecologyAgro-forestry
Biodiversity
P d N I iti ti i th il
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Proposed New Initiatives in the council
State of knowledge report in 35 thematic
areas. Establishment of Forest Phyto-diversity
Network in India
Establishment of Conservation Centre forRare and Endemic Species at Nilgiris in
India
Establishment of National Bureau of Forest
Genetic Resources
Establishment of Certification Mechanism
for Sustainable Forest Produce
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Upgrading Aizawl Centre as an Institute (Bamboo
and Rattans Research Institute)
Upgradation of Forest Research Centre, Hyderabadto a full fledged Forest Research Institute
Establishment of an Advanced Research Centre for
Ecology and Biodiversity in Western Ghats of
Maharashtra Establishment of Centre for Forestry research and
Technology Demonstration Agartala, Tripura
Disaster Management
Establishment of Adivasi Van Vikas Kendras
(AVVKs) in states
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Tree Ambulance concept in urban areas
Centre for Saline and Coastal belt
Afforestation & Rehabilitation' under AFRI,Jodhpur
Centre for Transfer of Technology at Guwahati
Establishment of National Academy of
Forestry Sciences (NAFS) Establishment of the Institute of Forest
Chemical Technology
Institution for forest based livelihood
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Thank you for this
opportunity
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