Recent Work in Recent Work in Citrus EntomologyCitrus Entomology
David KernsDavid KernsUniversity of ArizonaUniversity of Arizona
Yuma Agricultural CenterYuma Agricultural CenterYuma, AZYuma, AZ
Particle Films Particle Films vsvs Standard, 2002Standard, 2002
4/1/02
4/1
5/02
4/29/0
2 5/1
3/02
5/27/0
2 6/1
0/02
6/24/0
2 7/8
/02
7/22/0
2
% in
fest
ed fr
uit
0
2
4
6
8
10
12Surround Snow Standard
1Surround 50 lbs/ac, 2Snow 80 lbs/ac, 3Baythroid 6.4oz/ac4Danitol 21 oz/ac, 5Success 8oz/ac
1, 2, 3 1, 2 1+4, 2+4, 4 5
1" fruit
Particle FilmsParticle Films
Snow Surround Standard
Bin
s per
acr
e
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1st Harvest, #9 Strip Harvest
PyrethroidPyrethroid UseUse
Use only in early Use only in early Spring.Spring.Do not use when Do not use when temperatures exceed temperatures exceed 9595ooF.F.
Rotation Test, 2003Rotation Test, 2003
Surround 35 lbsSurround 35 lbsSurround 35 lbsSurround 35 lbsSurround 35 lbsSurround 35 lbsUntreatedUntreatedUntreatedUntreatedUntreatedUntreated
Success 6 ozSuccess 6 ozSuccess 6 ozSuccess 6 ozCarzolCarzol 1.25 lbs1.25 lbsSuccess 6 ozSuccess 6 ozCarzolCarzol 1.25 lbs1.25 lbsSuccess 6 ozSuccess 6 ozCarzolCarzol 1.25 lbs1.25 lbsSuccess 6 ozSuccess 6 ozDimethDimeth. 2 lbs. 2 lbs--aiaiCarzolCarzol 1.25 lbs1.25 lbsSuccess 6 ozSuccess 6 ozBaythroidBaythroid 6.4 oz6.4 ozCarzolCarzol 1.25 lbs1.25 lbsSuccess 6 ozSuccess 6 ozDanitolDanitol 21oz21ozApplication #3Application #3Application #2Application #2Application #1Application #1
Rotation Test, 2003Rotation Test, 2003* Success*Surround *Success
05/05/03 05/19/03 06/02/03 06/16/03 06/30/03
% in
fest
ed fr
uit
0
5
10
15
20
25
30Untreated Danitol Baythroid Dimethoate Success Carzol Surround
*Carzol
*Carzol*Success
PyrethroidPyrethroid Efficacy 2003Efficacy 2003
05/05/03 05/19/03 06/02/03 06/16/03 06/30/03
% in
fest
ed fr
uit
0
10
20
30
40
50Untreated Danitol Baythroid Zeta-cyper(L) Zeta-cyper(H) Success
Yuma Spider MiteYuma Spider MiteRecommendationsRecommendations
Ignore or conserve them when relegated to the Ignore or conserve them when relegated to the leaves.leaves.–– Predaceous habit far outweighs minor leaf damage.Predaceous habit far outweighs minor leaf damage.–– Mature citrus can withstand a great deal of foliar Mature citrus can withstand a great deal of foliar
damage.damage.
Treat with a Treat with a miticidemiticide when they move to the fruit when they move to the fruit in significant numbers.in significant numbers.–– Probably 1 mite per 10 fruit, before May.Probably 1 mite per 10 fruit, before May.–– Probably 2 to 5 mites per fruit, May Probably 2 to 5 mites per fruit, May -- July.July.
New New PyrethroidPyrethroid RecommendationsRecommendations
Use only one Use only one application of any application of any pyrethroidpyrethroid per per season.season.Use Use DanitolDanitol for for thripsthripscontrol only when control only when mites are also mites are also problematic.problematic.Use Use BaytrhoidBaytrhoid when when targeting only targeting only thripsthrips..
Experimental InsecticidesExperimental Insecticides
200 & 200 & 400 400 gg--ai/haai/ha
Feeding Feeding paralysisparalysis
Not Not reportedreported
LabsLabs--140140--F01F01
0.15, 0.20 & 0.15, 0.20 & 0.30 lbs0.30 lbs--aiai/ac/ac
Not reportedNot reportedPyridanilPyridanilSS--18121812
2 lbs2 lbs--aiai/ac/acOctopamineOctopamineneuroreceptorneuroreceptorinhinh..
Rosemary Rosemary oiloil
HexacideHexacide
RatesRatesMOAMOAChemicalChemicalNameName
ExperimentalsExperimentals TestTest
05/05/03 05/19/03 06/02/03 06/16/03 06/30/03
% in
fest
ed fr
uit
0
5
10
15
20
25Untreated Hexicide S-1812(L) S-1812(M) S-1812(H) Labs-140(L) Labs-140(H) Success
Foliar WWF TestFoliar WWF Test
UntreatedUntreated
16 oz/ac + 2 lbs16 oz/ac + 2 lbs--aiai/ac/acDanitolDanitol + + DimethoateDimethoate
0.5 lbs/ac0.5 lbs/acApplaudApplaud
19 oz/ac19 oz/acProvadoProvado
10 oz/ac10 oz/acEsteemEsteem
RateRateTreatmentTreatment
Impact on EggsImpact on Eggs
8/18/03 8/25/03 9/1/03 9/8/03 9/15/03 9/22/03
Egg
s per
leaf
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Untreated Esteem 10ozApplaud 0.5 lbsProvado 19ozDan 16oz + Dim 2 LAA
Impact on NymphsImpact on Nymphs
8/18/03 8/25/03 9/1/03 9/8/03 9/15/03 9/22/03
Nym
phs p
er le
af
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350Untreated Esteem 10ozApplaud 0.5 lbsProvado 19ozDan 16oz + Dim 2 LAA
Impact on Impact on EclosedEclosed PupaePupae
8/18/03 8/25/03 9/1/03 9/8/03 9/15/03 9/22/03
Ecl
osed
pup
ae p
er le
af
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Untreated Esteem 10ozApplaud 0.5 lbsProvado 19ozDan 16oz + Dim 2 LAA
Admire for Woolly WhiteflyAdmire for Woolly Whitefly
Admire at 16 & 32 oz/ac injected 8 inches at 9 gal/ac volume
Impact on AdultsImpact on Adults
DAT
pre 23 30 38 44 50 58 64 71 78 84
Adu
lts p
er le
af
0
1
2
3
4
5
6Untreated Adm-16oz Adm-32oz
Injected6/23/03
Impact on EggsImpact on Eggs
DAT
pre 23 30 38 44 50 58 64 71 78 84
Egg
s per
leaf
0
10
20
30
40
50Untreated Adm-16oz Adm-32oz
Injected6/23/03
Impact on NymphsImpact on Nymphs
DAT
pre 23 30 38 44 50 58 64 71 78 84
Nym
phs p
er le
af
0
2
4
6
8
10Untreated Adm-16oz Adm-32oz
Injected6/23/03
Impact on Impact on EclosedEclosed PupaePupae
DAT
pre 23 30 38 44 50 58 64 71 78 84
Ecl
osed
pup
ae p
er le
af
0
10
20
30
40
50
60Untreated Adm-16oz Adm-32oz
Injected6/23/03
Woolly Whitefly / Citrus Woolly Whitefly / Citrus ThripsThripsPopulation DynamicsPopulation Dynamics
Woo
lly w
hite
fly e
mer
genc
e
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0
100
200
300
400
500
Woolly whiteflyCitrus thrips
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Citr
us th
rips
per p
late
Key to WWF Management is Key to WWF Management is BiocontrolBiocontrol
There are a number of There are a number of naturally occurring naturally occurring parasitoids that prey on parasitoids that prey on WWF in Arizona.WWF in Arizona.An An EretmocerusEretmocerus sp. sp. appears to be the primary appears to be the primary parasitoid, and appears parasitoid, and appears to be key to sustainable to be key to sustainable WWF management.WWF management.A number of predators A number of predators including lacewings and including lacewings and mites have been mites have been observed feeding on observed feeding on WWF.
Eretmocerous sp.
WWF.
Current recommendations for Current recommendations for woolly whitefly managementwoolly whitefly management
SpringSpring–– use oils to suppress WWF use oils to suppress WWF
populations.populations.–– avoid harsh insecticides for avoid harsh insecticides for
thrips when WWFs are thrips when WWFs are present, ie use Success.present, ie use Success.
SummerSummer–– primarily adults present primarily adults present -- use use
ProvadoProvado or or DanitolDanitol / OP tank / OP tank mixes (hard on mixes (hard on beneficialsbeneficials).).
–– when large numbers of when large numbers of immatures begin to appear immatures begin to appear ––use Esteem or Applaud.use Esteem or Applaud.
Use only ground applications.Use only ground applications.On large trees or tight groves, On large trees or tight groves, use high spray volumes 200use high spray volumes 200--400 400 gpagpa.
Woo
lly w
hite
fly e
mer
genc
e
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0
100
200
300
400
500
Woolly whiteflyCitrus thrips
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Citr
us th
rips
per p
late
.
Traditional ControlTraditional Control
Interfere with natural Interfere with natural controlcontrol–– AnagraphusAnagraphus sp.sp.
LorsbanSupracideLorsbanSupracide
MealybugMealybug TestTest
UntreatedUntreated
2 lbs/ac2 lbs/acApplaud Applaud –– 2 applications2 applications
1 lbs/ac1 lbs/acApplaud Applaud –– 2 applications2 applications
2 lbs/ac2 lbs/acApplaud Applaud –– 1 application1 application
1 lbs/ac1 lbs/acApplaud Applaud –– 1 application1 application
RateRateTreatmentTreatment
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