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REVIEW VOCABRoman Republic

Chapter 11

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WHAT ARE GROUPS OF UP TO 6,000 ROMAN SOLDIERS? IT ALSO MEANS A CROWD OR MULTITUDE.

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LEGIONS

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WHAT IS A POLITICAL SYSTEM IN WHICH PEOPLE ELECT LEADERS TO GOVERN THEM? IT TRANSLATES TO “THE PEOPLE OR PUBLIC AGAIN.” IT ALSO MEANS NATION OR DEMOCRACY.

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REPUBLIC

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WHO ARE THE COUNCIL OF WEALTHY AND POWERFUL ROMANS THAT ADVISED THE CITY’S LEADERS. THEIR JOB IS SIMILAR TO THE LEGISLATURE COMMITTEE.

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ROMAN SENATE

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WHAT ARE RULERS WHO HAVE ALMOST ABSOLUTE RULE OR POWER? IT TRANSLATES TO “A PERSON WHO TELLS.” IT ALSO MEANS TYRANT OR AUTHORITARIAN.

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DICTATORS

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WHAT DO YOU CALL AN ELECTED OFFICIAL IN ROME? IN SOME COUNTRIES, THIS TERM MEANS JUDGE.

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MAGISTRATE

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WHO ARE THE TWO MOST POWERFUL OFFICIALS OR MAGISTRATES IN ROME? IT ALSO MEANS DIPLOMAT OR REPRESENTATIVE. THEY WERE ELECTED EACH YEAR TO RUN THE CITY AND LEAD THE ARMY.

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CONSULS

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WHO WAS THE FORMER ROMAN GLADIATOR WHO LED A SLAVE REVOLT AGAINST ROME. A MOVIE WAS MADE WITH THE TITLE AS HIS NAME. A FAMOUS LINE: “I AM ______.”

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SPARTACUS

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WHO WERE THE COMMON PEOPLE OF ANCIENT ROME? IT ALSO MEANS WORKING-CLASS. THE ENTRY SOLDIERS OF THE NAVY ARE CALLED THIS TERM.

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PLEBEIANS

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WHO WAS THE CARTHAGINIAN GENERAL WHO WAS ONE OF THE GREATEST GENERALS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD. HE INVADED ITALY DURING THE 2ND PUNIC WAR, BUT WAS EVENTUALLY DEFEATED BY SCIPIO AT THE BATTLE OF ZAMA. HE USED ELEPHANTS AS PART OF HIS ARMY.

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HANNIBAL

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WHAT IS THE THIRD PART OF ROME’S GOVERNMENT, THE PART THAT PROTECTED THE COMMON PEOPLE WITH TWO BRANCHES? BOTH PATRICIANS AND PLEBEIANS TOOK PART IN THIS TERM AND THEIR JOB WAS TO ELECT THE MAGISTRATES WHO RAN THE CITY OF ROME. THIS IS SIMILAR TO THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH. THIS TERM ALSO MEANS MEETING OR GET-TOGETHER.

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ASSEMBLIES

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WHO WAS THE LEGENDARY ROMAN HERO WHO ROMANS CAN TRACE THEIR HISTORY. HE WAS A TROJAN HERO WHO LEFT TROY AFTER THE TROJAN WAR, AND HE EVENTUALLY SETTLED IN ITALY.

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AENEAS

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WHAT IS THE THIRD PART OF ROME’S GOVERNMENT, THE PART THAT PROTECTED THE COMMON PEOPLE WITH TWO BRANCHES? THESE PEOPLE ARE ELECTED BY THE PLEBEIANS AND HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO VETO THE ACTIONS BY OTHER OFFICIALS. THIS IS SIMILAR TO THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH. A FORM OF THIS WORD MEANS COURT, HEARING, BOARD, OR PANEL.

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TRIBUNES

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WHAT WAS THE SERIES OF WARS BETWEEN ROME AND CARTHAGE IN THE 200’S AND 100’S BC?

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PUNIC WARS

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WHO WAS THE ROMAN DICTATOR WHO WAS CHOSEN BY THE ROMANS TO DEFEND THEIR LANDS FROM ATTACK. LATER, HE WILLINGLY GAVE UP POWER AND WAS CONSIDERED AN IDEAL LEADER BY THE ROMANS. A CITY IN OHIO IS NAMED AFTER HIM.

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CINCINNATUS

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WHO WAS THE ROMAN CONSUL WHO WAS A POPULAR GENERAL WHO ENCOURAGED THE UNEMPLOYED POOR TO JOIN THE ROMAN ARMY?

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GAIUS MARIUS

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WHO WERE THE NOBILITY IN ROMAN SOCIETY? OTHER TERMS USED: ARISTOCRATIC, NOBLES, UPPER-CLASS. THERE IS A GIRL’S NAME WITHIN THIS TERM.

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PATRICIANS

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WHAT IS A ROMAN PUBLIC MEETING PLACE CALLED? IT IS ALSO CALLED A DISCUSSION OR DEBATE.

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FORUM

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WHO WAS THE ROMAN CONSUL WHO BATTLE GAIUS MARIUS IN A CIVIL WAR.

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LUCIUS CORNELIUS SULLA

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WHO ARE THE LEGENDARY FIGURES IN ROMAN HISTORY WHO BUILT A CITY THAT EVENTUALLY BECAME ROME. THEY WERE RAISED BY WOLVES BECAUSE A MOTHER WOLF RESCUED THEM FROM THE TIBER RIVER.

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ROMULUS AND REMUS

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WHAT IS THE LANGUAGE SPOKEN BY THE ROMANS? IT IS NOW CONSIDERED A ‘DEAD LANGUAGE.’ MUCH OF OUR ENGLISH COMES FROM THIS TERM.

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LATIN

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WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO REJECT OR PROHIBIT ACTIONS AND LAWS OF OTHER GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS? THE PRESIDENT OF THE US HAS THE RIGHT TO DO THIS TO BILLS TRYING TO BECOME LAWS.

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VETO

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WHAT IS THE SYSTEM THAT BALANCES THE DISTRIBUTION OF POWER IN A GOVERNMENT? THIS KEEPS ONE PART OF A GOVERNMENT FROM BECOMING STRONGER OR MORE INFLUENTIAL THAN THE OTHERS.

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CHECKS AND BALANCES