TECHNICAL GLASS PRODUCTS, INC.WEB: www.technicalglass.com
EMAIL: [email protected]
881 Callendar Blvd., Painesville Twp., Ohio 44077
PHONE: 440.639.6399FAX: 440.639.1292
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Fused Quartz Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Fused Quartz Tubing for Compression Fittings . . . . . . . . .17
Tubing Tolerances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Fused Quartz Specialty Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Specialty Quartz, Flat & Oval Tubing. . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Specialty Quartz, Twin Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Specialty Quartz, Profiles & Bends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Specialty Quartz, Multi-hole Capillaries . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Specialty Quartz, Square & Rectangular Tubing . . . . . . . .19
Specialty Quartz, Precision Bore Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Specialty Quartz, Colored Quartz Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . .20
FUSED QUARTZ TUBING PAGES 16–17
FUSED QUARTZ ROD PAGE 15
How to Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Shipping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
About Our Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Technical Information & Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Calculations, Formulas & Trace Impurities . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Fused Quartz Transmittance Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Machined Quartz, Optical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Machined Quartz, Equipment, Material Available . . . . . . .11
Machined Quartz, Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Standard Fused Quartz, Polished Plates & Discs . . . . . . . .13
Standard Fused Quartz, Microscope Slides & Cover Slips . . .13
Machined Quartz, Scratch / Dig Specifications . . . . . . . . .14
Fused Quartz Rod. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
SEMICONDUCTOR WARE PAGE 29
3
FUSED QUARTZ LABWARE PAGES 21–25
FUSED QUARTZ WOOL & FRITS PAGES 30-31
FUSED QUARTZ MICROSCOPE SLIDES PAGE 13
Specialty Quartz, Fused Quartz Cylinders . . . . . . . . . . .20
Fused Quartz Labware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21–25
Evaporating Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Round Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Crucibles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Graded Seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Test Tubes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Stopcocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Boiling Flasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Distilling Flasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Kjeldahl Flasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Erlenmeyer Flasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Beakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Ball & Socket Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Flat O-Ring Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Ball O-Ring Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Conical Pipe Flange. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Standard Taper Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Quartz Screwthreads & Caps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Opaque Fused Quartz Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Opaque Labware & Trays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Custom Design, Fabrication & Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Semiconductor Ware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Fused Quartz Wool & Frits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30–31
Fused Quartz Usage Guidelines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
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CUSTOM REQUIREMENTSFor custom requirements, please contact our sales department located
in our Painesville Twp., Ohio location. Our mailing address is:
Technical Glass Products, Inc.881 Callendar Blvd.Painesville Twp., OH 44077
BY PHONECall our expert sales staff at 440.639.6399.
BY FAXFax your purchase order to us at 440.639.1292.
BY EMAILEmail [email protected]
ON THE WEBFor standard items, we offer online ordering. Simply go to our website
at www.technicalglass.com. Click on Order Online, Search Catalog, or on any item number link.
METHOD OF PAYMENTWe accept VISA, MasterCard, and American Express.
We also offer Net 30 Day terms on company or university purchase orders with prior credit approval. Orders shipped outside of the U.S. and Canada will require payment prior to manufacturing and shipping.
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TERMS AND CONDITIONSAll purchase orders and shipments are subject to the terms and
conditions listed below. Submission of an order to Technical Glass Products, Inc. is an acknowledgement that you have read, understand, and approve of these provisions.
METHOD OF SHIPMENTTGP will ship via UPS unless otherwise indicated by the customer. UPS
shipments will be prepaid and added to the invoice. (PP&A)
FOB: Shipping point. (Customer takes ownership at our dock.)
COMMON CARRIERIf a shipment is too large for UPS, TGP will ship using the trucking
company of the customer’s choice. All truck shipments will be shipped freight collect, FOB shipping point.
EXPORT SHIPMENTSAll export shipments will be FOB: EXWORKS Painesville, OH or
Gonzales, LA.
BREAKAGEOur expert shipping department takes every precaution to ensure that
your parts will arrive intact. However, breakage sometimes occurs due to reasons beyond our control. If you should happen to receive a part that is damaged, please take the following steps:
UPS shipments:• Inspect all items for damage• Retain all packaging materials• Contact TGP immediately
Truck shipments:• Contact carrier immediately• Inspect all items for damage
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Member
TGP has two manufacturing facilities, which allows us to maintain a broad inventory of labware, flat stock, rod and tubing. These items are all supported by the finest engineers, machinists and glass blowers in the industry. Therefore, we can strategically satisfy our customers’ requirements.
We also excel in technical product assistance of all types including design, temperature ranges and purity level qualifications. Because of our state-of-the-art equipment and methods, we are capable of achieving the industry’s most stringent standards and tolerances. Our products are always fully guaranteed for workmanship and quality.
Technical Glass Products is proud of its expertise, and we welcome the opportunity to supply all of your quartz needs.
For prompt evaluation and quotation of your project,
please contact us at
440.639.6399
or visit our website at
www.technicalglass.com
Technical Glass Products, Inc., was founded in 1990 as a fabricator of Fused Quartz Glassware. Our commitment to excellence has resulted in TGP becoming America’s fastest growing supplier of stock shapes and fabricated products in the industry.
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Technical Glass Products specializes in custom fabrication of fused quartz products to your exact specifications. From small diameter apparatus to large diameter furnace tubes and bell jars, our experienced craftsmen have decades of experience that enables us to exceed your expectations for quality. Along with custom items, Technical Glass manufactures a wide range of standard labware including:
• Flasks• Beakers• Test Tubes• Crucibles• Dishes
Technical Glass Products also offers a wide range of standard products for immediate shipment for your glassblowing needs:
• Tubing• Rod• Solids*• Standard Taper Joints• Ball & Socket Joints• Flat O-ring Connectors• GL Threaded Tubes• Quartz Wool & Felt• Fritted Discs• Quartz to Pyrex Graded Seals
* Solids include Discs, Plates, Flanges and other custom machined parts
Our headquarters, located in Painesville, Ohio, is an 11,000 square foot facility. It houses our sales office, Class 10000 clean-room manufacturing area, and warehouse. Our second plant, in Gonzales, Louisiana, accommodates an additional 11,000 square feet of manufacturing and distribution space.
We are known world wide for our quality, service and competitive pricing. We are world leaders in the fused quartz fabrication industry, and have the pleasure to be an authorized distributor and fabricator for a number of quartz raw material suppliers, including:
• Momentive Performance Materials (formerly GE Quartz)• Philips• Heraeus• Qsil
Our goal at TGP is not only to meet all of your quality, service and pricing expectations, but also to exceed those expectations and become the quartz fabricator and distributor of choice for your company.
Technical Glass Products has the pleasure to be an authorized distributor and fabricator of many quartz suppliers.
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PROPERTIES OF FUSED QUARTZSilica is found almost everywhere in nature, and represents
almost 1/3 the mass of the earth’s crust. Vitreous Silica is the generic term used to describe all types of silica glass, and manufacturers refer to the material as either Fused Quartz or Fused Silica.
Fused Quartz is manufactured by melting naturally occuring crystalline silica, such as sand or rock crystal. The production method is either electrically fused or flame fused. Afterward, items will appear transparent, translucent, or opaque; making it possible to create a wide range of products.
Fused silica, commonly referred to as synthetic fused quartz, is produced using high purity silica sand that is manufactured
from SiCL4. The finished product’s appearance will be transparent.
Vitreous Silica, in all its forms, offers a variety of properties such as:
PermeabilityExtreme HardnessVery Low Coefficient of Thermal ExpansionResistance to High TemperatureHigh Chemical PurityHigh Corrosion ResistanceExtensive Optical Transmission from Ultra-Violet to Infra-RedExcellent Electrical Insulation QualitiesRemarkable Stability Under Atomic Bombardment
DensityHardness
Design Tensile StrengthDesign Compressive StrengthBulk ModulusRigidity ModulusYoung’s ModulusPoisson’s RatioCoefficient of Thermal Expansion (20°C – 320°C)
Thermal Conductivity (20°C)Specific Heat (20°)Softening PointAnnealing PointStrain PointElectrical Resistivity (350°C)
PROPERTY
2.2 x 103 kg/m3
5.5–6.5 Mohs’ Scale570 KHN100
4.8 x 107 Pa (N/m2) (7,000 psi)> 1.1 x 109 Pa (160,000 psi)3.7 x 1010 Pa (5.3 x 106 psi)3.1 1010 Pa (4.5 x 106 psi)7.2 x 1010 Pa (10.5 x 106 psi)0.175.5 x 10-7 cm/cm °C
1.4 W/m °C670 J/kg °C1683°C1215°C1120°C7 x 107 ohm cm
TYPICAL VALUES
Dielectric Properties (20°C, 1 MHz) Constant Strength Loss Factor Dissipation Factor
Index of RefractionConstringence (Nu value) Velocity of Sound-Shear WaveVelocity of Sound/ Compressional WaveSonic Attenuation
Permeability Constants (700°C) Helium Hydrogen Deutrium Neon
3.755 x 107 V/m< 4 x 10-4
< 1 x 10-4
1.458567.56
3.75 x 103 m/s5.90 x 103 m/s
< 11 dB/m MHz
(cm3 mm/cm2 sec cm Hg)210 x 10-10
21 x 10-10
17 x 10-10
9. 5 x 10-10
PROPERTY TYPICAL VALUES
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ELEMENT( PPM )
TRACE IMPURITIESELECTRICALLY FUSEDTUBING AND ROD
( PPM )
FUSED SILICAFLAME FUSED
( PPB )
ELECTRICALLY FUSEDINGOT( PPM )
FLAME FUSEDINGOT( PPM )
AgAlAsAuBBaBeBiCaCdCoCrCuFeGaKLiMgMnMoNaNdNiPSbSrThTiUVYZnZrOH
—
14
<.002
—
<0.2
—
—
—
0.4
<0.01
—
<0.05
<0.05
0.2
—
0.6
0.6
0.1
<0.05
—
0.7
—
<0.1
<0.2
<0.003
—
—
1.1
—
—
—
—
0.8
<5
—
14
<.002
—
<0.2
—
—
—
0.4
<0.01
—
0.05
<0.05
0.2
—
0.6
0.6
0.1
<0.05
—
0.7
—
<0.1
<0.2
<0.003
—
—
1.1
—
—
—
—
0.8
<5
—
15
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.5
—
—
<0.01
<0.01
0.1
—
0.2
0.2
—
0.01
—
0.1
0.1
—
—
—
—
—
1.3
—
—
<0.1
—
1.3
170
<2
<25
<15
<1
<10
<1
<0.5
<0
<15
<0.3
<0.5
<1
<2
<20
<0.5
<5
<7.2
<5
<1
<1
<187
—
<5
<50
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<10
<1
<1
—
<5
<25
<1000 PPM
INTERNAL PRESSURE CALCULATIONSBecause fused quartz is used in applications involving internal
pressures, it is helpful to know the maximum pressure that can be applied to a selected fused quartz tube. The formula below can approximate this information at room temperature. In addition, there are helpful calculator applications available on our website at www.technicalglass.com.
The above pressure calculations are recommendations only. Actual pressure points may vary depending on user applications.
RUPTURE FORMULA FOR TUBINGS = pr/t
Where: S = Hoop Stress in Pa
p = Working Pressure (Pa)
r0 = Inside Radius (mm)
t = Wall Thickness (mm)
This formula cannot be used when internal pressure exceeds 100 psi.
RUPTURE PRESSURE CALCULATIONS FOR DISCS AND PLATES
Determining pressure differential is required for many applications of stressed fused quartz discs, plates and sight glasses. The formulas below can be used for room temperature applications of parts having either clamped or unclamped edges:
A = Unsupported Area in sq/inches
T = Thickness (inches)
F = Safety Factor (7)
M = Modulus of Rupture (7,000 psi)
P = Pressure (psi)
Look for the Toolbox and Book icons at technicalglass.com and choose an application
from the menus below them.
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The curves in the figure below represent the average transmissions for a 10mm thick test sample for both commercial and optical grades. Fused quartz is very efficient for the
FUSED QUARTZ AVERAGE TRANSMITTANCE CURVES
Tubing Fused Silica
FusedSilicaFusedSilica
CommercialGrade
CommercialGrade
OpticalGrade
OpticalGrade
TubingTubing
Commercial GradeFused Quartz
Optical GradeFused Quartz
transmission of infrared radiation. Infrared transmission extends out approximately 4 micrometers, with little absorption in the “water band” at 2.73µm.
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Technical Glass Products offers a variety of grinding, lapping and polishing services for a wide range of sizes, shapes and grades of Quartz and other glasses. Our machine capabilities include:
• Grinding & Polishing to 28" diameter• O.D. Grinding to 24" diameter• Centerless Grinding up to 4" diameter• Milling Machines for special shapes
Technical Glass Products manufactures to your specifications; offering all types of glass components in any quantities desired.
EQUIPMENT & CAPABILITIES
• O.D. and I.D. Grinders• Grinding & Polishing• Core Drilling• Cylindrical Polishing• Centerless Grinding• Custom Machining• Lapping / Grinding• Laser
The optical properties of fused quartz allows you to choose between various types, because the degree of transparency defines material purity and the method of manufacture.
Certain indicators are the UV cutoff and the presence or absence of bands at 245nm and 2.73µm. The UV cutoff varies from 155 to 175nm for a 10mm thick test sample. The presence of transition metallic impurities will move the UV cutoff towards longer wavelengths.
OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF FUSED QUARTZ• Commercial Grade Fused Quartz • Optical Grade Fused Quartz • Fused Silica • Opaque Fused Quartz
GRINDING, LAPPING, & POLISHING
MATERIAL AVAILABLE
• Pitch Polishing• Wire Sawing• Surface Mills• Blanchards• Slicing Saws• Full CNC Capabilities• Boring• Water Jet
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SURFACE QUALITY – MIL SPEC.– PRF-13830B 80/50TOLERANCE BLOCK:
On inside sharp corners, R.125 preferred. Ex: Rectangular holes and corner contours.
x..x.xx.xxxANGLE
= ±.040= ±.030= ±.010= ±.005= ± 1°
x..x.xx.xxxANGLE
= ± 1 mm= ± .75 mm= ± .25 mm= ± .13 mm= ± 1°
SYMBOL CHARACTERISTICS
FlatnessStraightnessCircularity (Roundness)CylindricityPerpendicularity (Squareness)AngularityParallelismProfile of a SurfaceProfile of a LineCincular RunoutTotal RunoutPositionConcentricitySymmetry
CHARACTERISTIC
.005"
.005"
.010"
.010"1°1°.005".030".020" .010".010".020".010".010"
SYMBOL STANDARD TOLERANCE
NOTE: These tolerances apply to machined ground only and mechanically polished parts only.
STANDARD SURFACE FINISHES (MICRO-INCH)
N6
N5
N4
N2
N2
32√D
16√D
9√G
2√MP
2√FP
32 Rq (RMS)
16 Rq (RMS)
9 Rq (RMS)
2 Rq (RMS)
2 Rq (RMS)
Diamond finish
Diamond finish
Ground finish
Ground & Polish finish
Flame Polish finish
INCHES MILLIMETERS(mm)
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TOLERANCES
PLATELength: Width:Thickness:
DISCDiameter:Thickness:
STANDARD*
±.010" ±.010"±.005"
±.010"±.005"
* Special tolerances available.
GROUND & POLISHED PLATES
1"1-1/4"1-1/2"1-3/4"
2"2-1/2"
3"3-1/2"
4"4-1/2"
5"5-1/2"
6"
GROUND & POLISHED DISCS
STANDARD FUSED QUARTZ • POLISHED ITEMS
1"1-1/4"1-1/2"1-3/4"2"2-1/2"3"3-1/2"4"4-1/2"5"5-1/2"6"
xxxxxxxxxxxxx
1"1-1/4"1-1/2"1-3/4"2"2-1/2"3"3-1/2"4"4-1/2"5"5-1/2"6"
LENGTH OF SIDES DIAMETER
STANDARD THICKNESS: 1/16", 1/8", 1/4"
COVER SLIPS
STANDARD FUSED QUARTZ • POLISHED ITEMSMICROSCOPE SLIDES
THICKNESS: 1mm
1"2"3"
LENGTH WIDTH
1"1"1"
1" SQ.1" DIA.
xx
.2 ±.05mm THICK
.2 ±.05mm THICK
Additional sizes available upon request.
Polished Plates & Discs Microscope Slides & Cover Slips
Radius:Bevel:Maximum Chip:Flatness:Parallelism:Scratch/Dig:
STANDARD*.030"–.060".020"–.040"<.020"within .00011" per inchwithin .005"80/50
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SCRATCH / DIG SPECIFICATIONSThis parameter measures the allowable defects in a coating
or on the surface of an optical element, and is specified as a numerical value. For example, a specification may read “Scratch/Dig = 80/50”, explained as follows:
DIGDigs represent the apparent diameters of allowable defects
such as bubbles, pinholes and inclusions on the surface of lens or coating. Digs are specified in units of 0.01mm, so a dig value of 50 is actually .5mm diameter allowable inclusion. The allowable number of maximum size digs within the useful area of the lens is one, and the sum of the diameters of all digs cannot exceed twice the diameter of the minimum size dig number specified.
SCRATCHScratch numbers are the apparent widths of hairline scratches
allowed in units of 0.001mm. A scratch number of 80 is really 0.08 mm wide. Additionally, the combined length of maximum-size scratches on the surface of the lens in question cannot exceed 1/4 the diameter of the usable lens area.
SCRATCH SPECIFICATIONMAXIMUM WIDTH
.00020
.00039
.00079
.00157
.00236
.00315
.00472
SCRATCH CLASS
51020406080
120
DIG SPECIFICATIONMAXIMUM DIAMETER
.0020
.0039
.0079
.0118
.0158
.0197
.0276
.0394
NOTES:1. All class 5 and 10 digs must be separated by at least .040 inches.2. The sum of the dig diameters must be less than 2 times the maximum dig diameter allowed within any .80 inch diameter.
DIG CLASS
5102030405070
100
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1.01.52.02.53.04.05.06.06.47.08.09.0
10.011.012.013.014.015.016.017.0
± .20mm± .30mm± .20mm± .25mm± .30mm± .15mm± .15mm± .15mm± .20mm± .30mm± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%
.10mm
.12mm
.15mm
.10mm
.10mm
.10mm
.10mm
.10mm
.10mm
.10mm1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.
1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long
SIZE (mm) O.D. TOLERANCES OVALITY BOW
FUSED QUARTZ RODS
18.019.020.022.025.026.027.028.029.030.031.032.033.034.035.036.037.038.040.0
± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%± 1.5%
1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.1% max.
1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long1.3mm / 1220mm long
SIZE* (mm) O.D. TOLERANCES OVALITY BOW
PLEASE NOTE: Quartz Rod 26mm diameter and larger is subject to minimum case quantities.Please call 440.639.6399 for availability.
Fused Quartz Rod
16
I.D. (mm) O.D. (mm)
FUSED QUARTZ TUBING
1.001.001.001.001.002.002.002.002.002.002.303.003.003.003.003.604.004.004.004.104.505.005.005.005.005.006.006.006.006.007.007.007.007.75
2.003.004.005.006.003.004.005.006.008.006.304.005.006.008.008.006.006.358.00
10.009.107.007.258.009.00
10.008.00
10.0012.0013.009.009.60
10.409.75
I.D. (mm) O.D. (mm)
8.008.008.009.009.009.009.00
10.0010.0010.0010.5010.5010.5011.0011.0012.0012.0012.0013.0013.0013.0013.0013.5014.0014.0014.0015.0015.0015.0016.0016.0016.0017.0017.00
10.0011.0012.0011.0011.8013.0015.0012.0013.0014.0012.7513.0015.8013.0015.0014.0015.0016.0015.0015.8016.0016.2019.0016.0018.0019.0017.0018.0020.0018.0019.0020.0019.0020.00
I.D. (mm) O.D. (mm)
18.0018.0018.0018.0019.0019.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0020.0022.0022.0022.0022.0024.0024.0024.0025.0025.0025.0026.0026.0027.0028.0028.0030.0030.0030.0032.0032.0034.0034.00
20.0020.5021.0021.6022.0025.0022.0022.5023.0024.0024.5025.0024.0024.5025.0025.8026.0028.0030.0027.0028.0028.8029.0030.0030.0031.0032.0033.0034.0036.0035.0038.0037.0038.00
I.D. (mm) O.D. (mm)
35.0035.0036.0037.0038.1040.0040.0040.0040.0042.0042.0044.0045.0046.0047.0048.0050.0050.0052.0053.0055.0057.0060.0060.0063.0064.0065.0066.0070.0070.0073.0075.0080.0085.00
38.0040.0040.0040.0042.1043.0044.0045.0046.0045.0046.0048.0048.0050.0050.0052.0054.0055.0058.0057.0059.0061.0064.0065.0067.0068.0069.0070.0074.0075.0077.0080.0085.0090.00
I.D. (mm) O.D. (mm)
90.0095.00
101.60101.60105.00105.00110.00115.00115.00120.00125.00130.00130.00130.00135.00135.00140.00140.00145.00145.00150.00150.00155.00160.00165.00165.00170.00170.00176.00178.00180.00184.00184.00190.00
95.00100.00106.60114.30110.00117.70115.00120.00127.70125.00130.00135.00136.00142.70141.00147.70146.00152.70151.00157.70156.00162.70161.00166.00171.00177.70176.00182.70184.00185.00192.70190.00196.70196.00
I.D. (mm) O.D. (mm)
195.00200.00203.00208.00211.00215.00215.00220.00220.00220.00221.00225.00227.00230.00230.00235.00240.00241.00241.00245.00250.00257.00260.00265.00270.00290.00300.00306.00320.00
201.00206.00211.00216.00221.00221.00225.00226.00228.00230.00229.00235.00235.00236.00240.00245.00246.00249.00251.00253.00260.00265.00268.00275.00280.00300.00309.00315.00330.00
PLEASE NOTE: Additional sizes of Fused Quartz Tubing are available upon request. Please call 440.639.6399 for availability.
Fused Quartz Tubing
17
O.D. INCHES
1/43/81/25/8
O.D. MILLIMETERS
6.359.50
12.7015.80
FUSED QUARTZ TUBINGFOR COMPRESSION TYPE FITTINGS DIAMETER
RANGE(mm)
DIAMETERREFERENCE
OUT OF ROUND% OF O.D.MAXIMUM
WALLTHICKNESS
BOW1200(mm)
LENGTH(mm)
DIAMETERNOMINAL
%
SIDINGMAXIMUM% WALL
TUBING TOLERANCES
UP TO 5.96–35
35.1–79.980–150
151–189190 UP
O.D.O.D.O.D.O.D.O.D.O.D.
± 2.5 %± 2 %± 2 %± 2 %± 2 %± 2 %
2 %1.5 %1.5 %1.2 %1.2 %1.2 %
± 10 %± 10 %± 10 %± 10 %± 20 %± 25 %
222333
10 %10 %10 %20 %20 %20 %
± 3.2± 3.2± 6.4± 6.4± 9.5± 12.7
FLAT AND OVAL TUBING
TWIN TUBES
Oval & Flat Tubing
Twin Tubes
18
PROFILES AND BENDS
Profiles and bends are available in various shapes.
MULTI-HOLE CAPILLARIES
With 2, 3, 4 and more holes. Other sizes and tolerances are available upon request.
Inner diameter range is 0.4mm to 2mm.
Outer diameter range is .5mm to 30mm.
19
PRECISON BORE TUBINGThe manufacturing of Precision Bore Tubing involves the
heating and softening of standard tubing over a precision mandrel when precise tolerances are required. The final product is formed as the tube is pulled over the mandrel.
2 x 4 3 x 5 3 x 7 3 x 9 4 x 6 4 x 8 5 x 7 5 x 9 6 x 8 6 x 10 7 x 9 7 x 11 7 x 13 8 x 12
1.3 mm1.3 mm1.3 mm1.3 mm1.3 mm1.3 mm1.3 mm1.3 mm1.3 mm1.3 mm1.3 mm1.3 mm1.3 mm1.3 mm
RECTANGLE SIZE I.D. (mm) STANDARD WALL THICKNESS
RECTANGULAR TUBING • CLEAR FUSED QUARTZ
0.5123456
0.25 0.50 0.75 0.75 1.3 1.3 1.3
SQUARE SIZE I.D. (mm) WALL (mm)
SQUARE TUBING • CLEAR FUSED QUARTZ
789
10121314
1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
SQUARE SIZE I.D. (mm) WALL (mm)
0.25 mm 0.50 mm 0.75 mm 0.90 mm 1.30 mm 1.75 mm
NOMINAL WALL ± TOLERANCE
WALL TOLERANCE
0.15 mm 0.25 mm 0.30 mm 0.30 mm 0.50 mm 0.50 mm
PLEASE NOTE: Additional sizes are available upon request for items on this page. Please call 440.639.6399 for availability.
Square & Rectangular Tubing
WHEN ORDERINGBecause we provide a wide range of Precision Bore Tubing, we
cannot list all that is available. Please call or write us with your specific requirements.
Size availability up to 2.75"
Tolerances available as tight as ±.002"
20
COLORED QUARTZ
FUSED QUARTZ CYLINDERS
21
255075
100150200250300350400450500
5065708090
100110120130140150160
253335404550556065707580
CAPACITY(cc)
DIAMETER(mm)
HEIGHT(mm)
EVAPORATING DISHES
2 x 4 3 x 5 4 x 6 5 x 7 6 x 8 7 x 9 8 x 10 9 x 11 10 x 12 11 x 13 12 x 14 13 x 15
14 x 16 15 x 17 16 x 18 17 x 19 18 x 20 20 x 23 22 x 25 25 x 28 27 x 30 30 x 33 32 x 35 35 x 38
I.D. x O.D.(mm)
I.D. x O.D.(mm)
I.D. x O.D.(mm)
GRADED SEALS • QUARTZ TO PYREX
20356575
100120125
55607089
100110127
15151515151515
APPROXIMATECAPACITY(cc)
DIAMETER(mm)
HEIGHT(mm)
ROUND DISHES
37 x 40 38 x 42 40 x 43 42 x 45 45 x 48 46 x 50 48 x 52 50 x 54 55 x 59 60 x 64 65 x 69 70 x 74
10203050
100
2836435062
3040384866
CAPACITY(cc)
TOPDIAMETER(mm)
HEIGHT(mm)
CRUCIBLES w/LIDSBASE
DIAMETER(mm)
1417222235
10203595
12151825
100125150200
APPROXIMATECAPACITY(cc)
INSIDEDIAMETER(mm)
HEIGHT(mm)
TEST TUBES w/LIP
2468
8101216
BORE(mm)
STOPCOCKS • STRAIGHT BORESIDE ARM O.D.
(mm)
Round Dishes Test Tubes
Evaporating Dishes Graded Seals • Quartz To Pyrex
Crucibles With Lids Stopcocks
PLEASE NOTE: Additional sizes are available upon request for items on this page. Please call 440.639.6399 for availability.
22
102550
100125150200250500750
1000150020003000400050006000
3040526569747986
102124136149162183202218230
50657795101108115126159214231249272333367393415
4762749196
103110120150206221238260320353378398
1720222224252728343434384044445050
2025253032343640509095
100110150165175185
CAPACITY(cc)
GLOBEDIA.(mm)
OVERALLROUND HT.
(mm)
OVERALLFLAT HT.
(mm)
NECKDIA.(mm)
NECKLENGTH
(mm)
BOILING FLASKS
50100125150200250500750
100015002000
526569747986
102124136149162
117132136141146153176231243256269
114128132136141147168223233245257
2228.828.828.828.828.828.834343434
65676767676767
107107107107
CAPACITY(cc)
GLOBEDIAMETER
(mm)
OVERALLROUND HT.
(mm)
OVERALLFLAT HT.
(mm)
NECKDIAMETER
(mm)
NECKLENGTH
(mm)
BOILING FLASKS W/Ts OUTER JOINT
19/3824/4024/4024/4024/4024/4024/4029/4229/4229/4229/42
JOINTSIZE
102550
100125150200250500750
1000150020003000
3040526569747986
109124136149169183
95100122155163170181192254284301319340373
1519191919222424262628303232
657070909496
102106145160165170178190
100100110110110110130130130130140140140140
CAPACITY(cc)
GLOBEDIA.(mm)
OVERALLHEIGHT(mm)
NECKDIA.(mm)
NECKLENGTH
(mm)
SIDE TUBEDIA.(mm)
DISTILLING FLASKS
50100250300500650750800
171199250289308318323326
2020252730303335
130130180190190190190190
CAPACITY(cc)
OVERALLHEIGHT(mm)
NECKDIAMETER
(mm)
NECKLENGTH
(mm)
KJELDAHL FLASKS
4156708096
104108110
GLOBEDIAMETER
(mm)
SIDE TUBELENGTH
(mm)
6777888899
11111111
Boiling Flasks Boiling Flasks With Outer Joint Distilling Flasks Kjeldahl Flasks
PLEASE NOTE: Additional sizes are available upon request for items on this page. Please call 440.639.6399 for availability.
23
102550
100150200250300500750
1000150020003000400050006000
3040496771838493
109127138152166200220236248
516785
110122138146156194224232264288320360390410
1013152224283034343740454850525456
1317212530303036405258647076808690
CAPACITY(cc)
BASEDIAMETER
(mm)
OVERALLHEIGHT(mm)
NECKDIAMETER
(mm)
NECKLENGTH
(mm)
ERLENMEYER FLASKS
50100200250300500750
100015002000
4967838493
109127138152166
129132175183187221241243269287
2228.828.828.828.828.834343434
65676767676769696969
CAPACITY(cc)
GLOBEDIAMETER
(mm)
OVERALLHEIGHT(mm)
NECKDIAMETER
(mm)
NECKLENGTH
(mm)
ERLENMEYER FLASKS W/Ts OUTER JOINT
19/3824/4024/4024/4024/4024/4029/4229/4229/4229/42
JOINTSIZE
102550
100150200250300400500600800
10001500200025004000
2533455159646774808490
100107132138142160
3245506276848692
105112119127140152168190254
CAPACITY(cc)
BASEDIAMETER
(mm)
OVERALLHEIGHT(mm)
BEAKERS • LOW FORM
102550
100150200250300400500600
1000
45577389
102111118124140146168181
CAPACITY(cc)
OVERALLHEIGHT(mm)
BEAKERS • TALL FORM
222935454954576168747792
BASEDIAMETER
(mm)
Erlenmeyer Flasks Erlenmeyer Flasks With Outer Joint Low Form Beakers Tall Form Beakers
PLEASE NOTE: Additional sizes are available upon request for items on this page. Please call 440.639.6399 for availability.
24
12/2 12/3 12/5 18/7 18/9 28/12 28/15 35/20 35/25 40/25 50/30 65/40 75/50 102/75
12121218182828353540506575
102
444
4-1/24-1/2
555555666
12121218182828353540506575
102
SIZE TUBEI.D. x O.D.(mm)
GROUND BALLDIAMETER(mm)
OVERALLLENGTH (inches)
A(mm)
BALL & SOCKET JOINTS
12/2 12/3 12/5 18/7 18/9 28/12 28/15 35/20 35/25 40/25 50/30 65/40 75/50 102/75
011011011112112116116120120124128137142153
444
4-1/24-1/2
555555666
SIZE TUBEI.D. x O.D.(mm)
O-RING SIZE(mm)
OVERALLLENGTH (inches)
BALL O-RING JOINTS
1/4 1/2 3/4 1” 1-1/2
FLANGESIZE
FLANGEO.D.
CONICAL PIPE FLANGE
579
1215202530405075
100125150200
5 x7 x9 x
12 x15 x20 x25 x30 x40 x50 x75 x
101.6 x125 x150 x203 x
89.511.8151823.628.834435580106.6130156211
2-1102-1112-1122-1162-1162-2142-1242-2232-2262-2292-3412-3492-3552-3622-371
SIZE TUBEI.D. x O.D.(mm)
OVERALLLENGTH (inches)
O-RING SIZE(mm)
FLAT O-RING CONNECTORS
3/4 1” 1-17/64 1-9/16 2-1/8
2 x3 x5 x7 x9 x
12 x15 x20 x25 x25 x30 x40 x50 x75 x
6689.511.815182328.828.834455580
44-1/24-1/2
555566666666
2 x3 x5 x7 x9 x
12 x15 x20 x25 x25 x30 x40 x50 x75 x
6689.511.815182328.828.834455580
Ball & Socket Joints Ball O-Ring Joints Flat O-Ring Connectors Conical Pipe Flange
25
5/12 5/20 7/15 7/25 10/30 12/30 14/35 19/38 24/40 29/42 34/45 40/50 45/50 50/50 55/50 60/50 71/60 86/50 103/60 115/60 135/60 145/60 155/60 160/60 175/60 200/70 210/60 220/60 230/60
3 x 5 3 x 5 4 x 6 4 x 6 6 x 8 7 x 9.5 9 x 11.8 12 x 15 18 x 21.6 20 x 24 25 x 28.8 35 x 38 38 x 42 42 x 46 46 x 50 50 x 55 60 x 65 75 x 80 90 x 95 105 x 110 130 x 135 135 x 141 145 x 151 150 x 156 160 x 166 184 x 90 200 x 206 208 x 216 220 x 226
1220152530303538404245505050506060506060606060606070606060
1220152530303538404245505050505060506060606060606070606060
SIZE INNER JOINTI.D. x O.D.
(mm)
OUTER JOINTI.D. x O.D.
(mm)
GROUNDLENGTH
(mm)
B(mm)
STANDARD TAPER JOINTSA
(mm)
5 x 8 5 x 8 7 x 10 7 x 10 9 x 13 12 x 15 15 x 18 18 x 21.6 25 x 28.8 30 x 34 34 x 38 40 x 45 46 x 50 50 x 55 55 x 59 60 x 65 70 x 75 75 x 80 95 x 101 105 x 110 125 x 131 135 x 141 145 x 151 150 x 156 160 x 166 184 x 90 200 x 206 208 x 216 220 x 226
5577
1012141924293440455055607186
103115135145155160175200210220230
4444
4.54.54.55555566666666688888888
OVERALLLENGTH(inches)
SIZEGL
CAP SIZEGL
QUARTZ SCREWTHREADS & CAPS
1418253245
10/18 12/18 14/20 19/22 24/25 29/26 34/28 40/35
6 x 8 7 x 9.6 9 x 11.8 12 x 15 18 x 21.6 20 x 24 25 x 28.8 35 x 38
1818202225262835
1818202225262835
SIZE INNER JOINTI.D. x O.D.
(mm)
OUTER JOINTI.D. x O.D.
(mm)
GROUNDLENGTH
(mm)
B(mm)
STD TAPER JOINTS • MEDIUM LENGTHA
(mm)
9 x 13 12 x 15 15 x 18 18 x 21.6 25 x 28.8 30 x 34 34 x 38 40 x 45
1012141924293440
4444
4.54.54.55
OVERALLLENGTH(inches)
TUBE O.D.(mm)
WALL(mm)
LENGTH(mm)
1418253245
110110110150180
1216222838
1.5 1.8 1.8 1.5 2.0
Standard Taper Joints Quartz Screwthreads & Cap • Open Ended Quartz Tube
26
OPAQUE FUSED QUARTZThe opaque quality comes from quartz sands of high purity
when reduced to a molten state at a temperature of approximately 2000° C. The high temperature produces a vitreous material characterized by the presence of a multitude of gaseous micro-bubbles. These bubbles diffract light, giving the material its opacity. The term opaque silica is mainly used for molded or centrifuged parts, while the product obtained by drawing is normally referred to as translucent.
Opaque silica glass offers a number of exceptional properties, such as:
• Extreme Hardness • Low Expansion • Excellent High Temperature Resistance • Extreme Chemical Purity • Excellent Corrosion Resistance • Excellent Electrical Insulation Properties • Remarkable Stability Under Atomic Bombardment
Specific Density (according to fusion process)Hardness (Mohs scale)Rupture stress: traction compression
N.m -2
N.m -2
1.98 to 2.1272.10 7
5.10 8
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
SiO2 contentElement content (typical analysis) Fe Ti Al Ca Mg Na K Li
%ppmppmppmppmppmppmppmppm
99.870
100220
40112540
5
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Dielectric constantsDielectric rigidityLoss coefficient at 1 MHz
V.m -13.55.10 6
20.10 -4
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
Linear expansion coefficientSpecific heat at 20° CHeat conductivity at 20° CAnnealing pointSoftening point
K -1
J.kg -1. K -1
W.m -1. K -1
°C°C
5.4.10 -7
7.5.10 2
1.0511201650
THERMAL PROPERTIES
27
34
5/83/4
SIZE (inches) L x W x H
COMBUSTION BOAT WITH HANDLE
3/87/16
xx
xx
OPAQUE LABWARE & TRAYS
PLEASE NOTE: Translucent tubing is availablein a number of sizes.
Pricing is available upon request. Please call 440.639.6399 for more information. Combustion Boat With Handle
466666
6.187
7.788
9.251010
10.2512121213
13.6
2233
3.56
3.824
7.946
2.63.7766686
9.8
SIZE (inches) L x W x H
RECTANGULAR TRAYS
11.52
2.51.25
3.9375.984
11.52511
.875414
4.71.41.2
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Additional sizes are available upon request. Please call 440.639.6399 for more information.
Rectangular Trays
28
CUSTOM DESIGN, FABRICATION & REPAIRTechnical Glass Products is one of America’s leading
fabricators of Fused Quartz products. TGP is also a custom job shop that provides precision tolerance fabrication and machining of products to your specifications. We pride ourselves on the unique methods and equipment we have developed for the production and/or repair of quartzware. In addition, we offer our customers low-cost, time-saving alternatives.
If you need help in the area of custom fabrication or repairs, please contact us for a no-obligation evaluation of your project.
SemiconductorFiber OpticMedicalLamp ManufacturersChemicalEnvironmental TestingCompound Semiconductor
AerospaceWater PurificationSteelPetroleumLaser TechnologyInfrared HeatingSolar
We have provided our services to numerous industries, some of which are listed below:
29
SEMICONDUCTOR GRADE FUSED QUARTZFused quartz, with its combination of high purity and
mechanical stability at high temperatures, is the ideal material used in the processing of silicon wafers. Technical Glass Products uses only the highest grade raw materials, offering contaminant levels less than 25 ppm. Quartz tubing is available in a number of sizes up to 400 mm, with excellent diameter and wall-thickness tolerances. We offer a full range of fabricated semiconductor ware, along with design assistance from our technical staff. At right is a list of some of the items we manufacture:
Plasma ChambersTanksLattice TraysEpitaxial SystemsHanger SupportsPedestalsRemovable BafflesDiffusion TubesWhite ElephantsEnd CapsDiffusion Boats
Sensor SheathsBell JarsPull RodsStorage TubesBoat HoldersBoat Holder InsertsThermocouple SleevesPaddle SystemsSledsWheeled Carriers
30
FUSED QUARTZ WOOLFused Quartz Wool has the same properties as pure quartz
glass. The fibers are non-flammable and incombustible. The fibers maintain their usable mechanical properties up to 1050°C. Fused Quartz Wool is available in the following forms:
COARSE 9 µm NOMINAL WOOLBulk Wool consists of woven basic fibers between 5µm and
15µm. The arrangement of the fibers gives the wool its curly appearance, which prevents compression of the material and improves the desired insulating qualities. The fibers are flexible and have excellent torsion and bending resistance. Standard specifications are:
Size Before Rolling & Pressing L 3700mm x W 1600mm x H 150mm
Unit Weight .5 lb. bags 1.1 lb. bags
FINE 4 µm NOMINAL WOOLFine Wool consists of woven basic fibers between 1.5µm
and 7µm. This product was developed to meet severe technical specifications required by markets that demand a larger specific area. Therefore, this wool offers more efficient thermal conductivity than our standard bulk wool.
Unit Weight 10 grams .5 lb. bags
Other sizes available upon request. Maximum size is 3000mm x 1000mm.
FELTS (MATS)A Felt is quartz wool that has been impregnated with a starch
binder to provide a stable sheet that can be handled, cut or fabricated to exact sizes. The binder can be removed by heating the Felt to 900°F for 1 hour, or 500°F for 24 hours. Binder content on the Felt is 4–5% by weight. Standard specifications are:
Sizes 1000mm x 1000mm 1000mm x 500mm 500mm x 500mm
Thickness 5mm (0.2 in)
Weight 80 g/m (2.3 oz/yd)
Density 0.016 g/cm (1 lb/ft)
• Coarse
• Fine
• Wool Felts
Quartz Felt
Quartz Wool
31
QUARTZ FRITSA frit is defined as a porous filter composed of bonded grains
of quartz glass. Frits are manufactured from the same high purity raw material as our tubing and rod. Some applications of fritted discs include filtration of liquids or corrosive gas, heat diffusion, flow regulation, and chemically inert and high purity applications.
POROSITYChoosing the correct porosity is key for success in working
with glass filters. These frits vary in porosity according to grades that are expressed as 00, 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. The table below shows the various fields of application for each grade of porosity. The pore size indicates the the largest pore in the disc, as well as the the diameter of the smallest particle retained during filtration.
POROSITY)
FRITTED DISC APPLICATIONS
Liquid and gas distribution
NOMINAL MAXIMUMPORE SIZE ( µ )
EXAMPLE FIELDS OFAPPLICATION
200 – 300
Gas distributionGas distribution in liquids at low pressureFiltration of very coarse precipitates
150 – 200
Coarse filtration, Filtration of coarse precipitates, gas distribution in liquidsLiquid distribution, coarse gas filtrationExtraction apparatus for coarse grain mineralsLoose filter layer substrates for gelatinous precipitates
90 – 150
Preparatory fine filtrationPreparatory work with crystalline precipitatesMercury filtration
40 – 90
Analytical filtrationAnalytical work with medium-fine precipitatesPreparatory work with fine precipitatesFiltration in cellulose chemistry, fine gas filtrationExtraction apparatus for fine-grained minerals
15 – 40
Analytical fine filtration, Analytical work with very fine precipitates (e.g., BaSO4, Cu2O)Preparative work with precipitates of appropriate finenessNon-return and stop valves for mercury
4 – 15
DIAMETER (mm)
QUARTZ FRITS
•••••••••••
THICKNESS(mm)
POROSITIES AVAILABLE00 0 1 2 3 4
101520253035405060708090
100
2–32–33–53–53–53–53–54–64–64–64–64–64–6
•••••••••••••
•••••••••••••
•••••••••••••
•••••••••••••
••••••••••••
Quartz Frits
0001
200–300 micron150–200 micron
90–150 micron
234
40–90 micron15–40 micron
4–15 micron
POROSITY PORE SIZE POROSITY PORE SIZEAVERAGE POROSITY
00
0
1
2
3
4
32
CLEANINGThe cleaning of fused quartz is critical before it is used in
any application. The fused quartz should be cleaned by placing it in a 7% maximum solution of Ammonium Bifluoride for no more than ten (10) minutes, or a 10% volume maximum solution of Hydrofloric Acid for no more than five (5) minutes. After cleaning, using the above method, the fused quartz should be rinsed in deionized or distilled water and then dried.
To further reduce the possibility of contamination, care should be used in handling fused quartz. The use of clean cotton gloves at all times is essential.
WHEN JOINING FUSED QUARTZ AND OTHER MATERIALS
Quartz and silica glass only slightly expand with increases in temperature compared to other materials. Care must be taken when these glass products are connected to other materials and the temperature rises, in order to avoid the development of cracks.
RUNNING IN PROCEDUREIn order to increase resistance to devitrification and sag of
your quartzware, an even layer of cristobalite must be formed on the O.D. of quartz tubes. Expose a new tube to a temperature of up to 1200°C and rotate it 90° every two (2) hours for the first 12 to 24 hours.
STORAGESpace permitting, fused quartz should be stored in its original
shipping container. If that is not practical, at least the wrapping should be retained. In the case of tubing, the end coverings should be kept in place until the product is used. This protects the ends from chipping and keeps out dirt and moisture which could compromise the purity and performance of the tubing.
CARE MUST BE TAKEN DURING FURNACE INSERTION
Quartz and silica glass feature low thermal conductivity. If the glass product comes too close to a heating element, or is put in direct contact with a flame, it may become locally heated and develop cracks. Long glass tubes may also deform at temperatures of 1100°C or higher. Care should be taken to support both glass types, especially large-sized products.
DEVITRIFICATIONDevitrification of quartz and silica glass means transition
from a metastable (vitrified) state to a stable crystallized state of cristobalite. Devitrification occurs when the product is used at high temperatures over a long period of time, or it is heated while impurities adhere to its surface. Even very small impurities on the surface can have a major influence. Under such conditions, devitrification may even occur at temperatures of 1000°C or less. This hardly ever occurs at temperatures of 1150°C or less, if the glass surface is perfectly clean. Devitrification usually starts when the temperature rises to 1200°C or higher, then further develops as the temperature increases.
BECAUSE THE PRODUCTS ARE ANNEALEDBoth quartz and silica glass are annealed at approximately
1150°C. However, they reach a strain point at about 1120°C. These glass products, if rapidly cooled after use at temperatures above this strain point, will develop strain again. Special care should be taken when using large sized products.
SPECIAL HANDLING & PRECAUTIONSWhen handling, always wear clean, lint free gloves or powder
free latex gloves. Be sure to avoid direct contact of the glass with bare hands. The skin’s natural salts contain alkali metal elements such as sodium and potassium that speed devitrification.
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