Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8
Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 Q14 Q 15 Q 16
Q17 Q18 Q19 Q20 Q21 Q22 Q23 Q24
Q25 Q26 Q27 Q28 Q29 Q30 Q31 Q32
Answer #1
Geology= study of earthMeteorology= study of weatherAstronomy= study of all objects in spaceOceanography= study of the oceans
Answer #2
Geosphere= layer that contains core, mantle, crust
Hydrosphere= layer that contains waterAtmosphere= layer that contains breathable
airBiosphere= layer that contains all life
Answer #3
Physical Geology studies that size, shape, texture, and appearance of rocks and formations on earth
Historical Geology= study of the past history of the Earth
Answer 4
Combustion of fossil fuelsBurning of ForestsRespiration from living thingsMelting of permafrostVolcanic eruptionsWeathering
A6
Igneous=cooled magma, extrusive outside, intrusive inside
Sedimentary= rock formed from eroded and weathered rock
Metamorphic=rock that has been pressurized by heat and pressure
A7
Heat from the center of the Earth creates igneous rock and forces it to the surface, heat also pressurizes metamorphic
A8
Index fossils are used because they are only found in certain time periods and are used to date rocks.
http://www.phschool.com/atschool/phsciexp/active_art/index_fossils/index.html
A9
Continental drift is the slow movement of the continents as they float on the liquid mantle…..
EVIDENCE1. The fossil glosspteris2. Ice found in Africa3. The same mountains in Europe and
America
Q10
10. List the three types of plate boundaries and the landforms or geologic processes that can occur at each.
A10
Divergent: moves apart, mid-ocean ridge, rift zone
Convergent: come together, mountains, subduction, explosive volcanoes
Transform: sliding, faults, earthquakes
A11
Relative Dating: Compares relative positions of rocks using three principles:
Superposition: Layer on top youngest Crosscutting Principle: Faults or intrusion cutting
through rock is youngest Original Horizontality: all rock laid down horizontally at
first, -unconformities : Gap in the rock record
Radioactive Dating: Uses the percentage of a remaining isotope of carbon 14 or uranium 238 to find the age of rock… scientists must know the half life to do the calculations.
Radioactive dating animation
http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/carbondating/
A12
What happened in the past happened today… the same processes that made the earth are at work today shaping our planet.
A13
http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/carbondating/
Radioactive dating animation
Radioactive Dating: Uses a percentage of a remaining isotope of carbon 14 or uranium 238 to find the age of rock… scientists must know the half life to do the calculations.
A14
Molds and castes(3d preservation)Preserved specimens(hair and skin present)Trace fossils(footprints and markings)Carbon film(black film imprint)
A15
Age of the Earth?4.6 billion years
Age of the Universe?14 billion yearsExistence of humans?2 million yearsExistance of Animals?500 million years
Q 23: Describe How scientists measure a star’s brightness
A stars brightness is either called its absolute MAGNITUDE or it apparent MAGNITUDE.
It is measured on a scale of -10 to +10. -10 is the BRIGHTEST.
A16
Precambrian: 2 bya to 600 myaPaleozoic: 600 mya to 200 myaMesozoic: 200 mya to 65 myaCenozoic: 65 mya to present
Q17
Terrestrial Jovian
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
Rocky, dense, small Gases, light, large
Few moons Many moons
No rings Each has rings
A18
The idea that our solar system formed from a disk of gas and dust called a nebula, gaseous planets formed in a cold zone for away from the sun, and rocky planets formed in a hot zone close to the sun.
Q 20: What is Hubble’s Law
This law states that the universe is expanding, and at one time must have formed from a large explosion called the “Big Bang”
Q 21: List the three main types of stars and their temperatures
Red: coolYellow: MediumBlue: hottest
Q 24: How are stars organized on the HR diagram
Supergiants: Largest stars, often brightestWhite Dwarfs: Tiny, hot, and dimMain-Sequence Stars: 90% of all stars are
Main sequence
Q 25: Describe the life cycle of a star
1. Star Birth: Protostar reaches a temperature hot enough for nuclear fusion to begin
2. Main sequence: 90% of a stars life is contain in this stable stage
3. All stars run out of fuel and collapse4. Most stars(our Sun) go through a red giant
phase when they first run out 0f fuel.4. The largest stars have such a strong
gravitational pull when they collapse that they become BLACK HOLES
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