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Architectural copper reviewMagazine for copper in the construction industry | 2004
p.3 Saaga in a Laplandish
environment
p.8 Beautiful building in a newsection of the city
p.13 Kungstrdgrden in
Stockholm
p.15 Construction on Svalbard
p.20 The Eesti Kunstimuuseum
project
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This edition of Outokumpus Architectural Copper Review
shows the many ways copper can be used in house building.New creative ways to use copper have been developed thatbuild upon traditions dating back several hundred years.We are also happy to see how our new methods for patina-tion are being used. Patination is an area where we haveconducted research for many years and that has been cre-ated for the purpose of renovating existing buildings, but thatis also ideal for new construction where a patinated look is
desired from day one.
If you would like to know more about the subject, please go to our websitewww.outokumpu.com where you will find information about techniques,assembly methods, products and reference buildings. The editorial boardwould also like to get your comments and hear about new and excitingprojects.
Lennart Engstrm, Editor
Architectural copper review 2. edition, December 2004
Architectural copper review is published twice a year and has a circulation of 1.000 copies. Publisher isOutokumpu. The magazine is distributed to architects and professionals in the building construction industry inEurope.
Editor:Lennart Engstrm +46 21-198254,Address: Outokumpu Copper Products, Metallverk sgatan 5, 721 09 Vsters, Sverige, fax: +46 21-198704,[email protected]
Publisher:Lennart Engstrm, Outokumpu.
Editorial staff:Mogens Prstegaard Denmark telephone : +45 4323 7700 mogens.prastegaard@ tibnor.seDennis Wraamann Denmark telephone: +45 3956 5056 [email protected] Jan Erik Holler Norway telephone: +47 6755 4620 jan.erik.holler@ outokumpu.comHannele Numminen Finland telephone: +358 2626 6616 hannele.numminen @outokumpu.comHkan Svedman Sweden te lephone: +46 21-198250 goran.aldestrom@ outokumpu.com
Layout and technical production:Det Danske Idselskab, telephone.: +45 3956 5056
Front page picturNew office for the pension insuran
company Sampensio
Tuborghavnevej 1
2900 Hellerup, Denma
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Saaga in a Laplandishenvironment
Finnish Lapland with its rolling hills, soothing to the eye, is a popular and
multifaceted travel destination. Tourists from all over the world visit the
northern mountains, especially during winter and autumn when the
landscape is coloured by the russet autumn glow.
By Hannele Numminen, Finland
Ylls is one of Finlands best known
mountains and a popular ski resort. Ylls
became even more diverse in the spring
of 2003, when the new spa hotel Saaga
was built.
Laplands nature and copper
Several different facade materials were
used for Hotel Saaga. When planning for
buildings in Lapland, particular considera-
tion must be given to the demanding and
changing conditions. The material must
be suitable for both the heat of the sum-
mer and the biting cold of the winter. Ar-
chitect firm Arktes Oy in Uleborg was
commissioned to design a hotel that
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gracefully blends in with the mountainous
landscape. The Nordic barren nature be-
came a magnificent framework for theproject.
As the weather conditions in Lapland are
unusually severe, the materials used must
be durable and have certain characteris-
tics. Over the course of the year the dif-
ference in temperatures can be as much
as 60 degrees! Because of this copper
was a suitable choice as one of the facade
materials. Copper is in a class of its own
when it comes to workability and durabil-
ity in all conditions.
A centre part in copper
In the centre of Hotel Saaga is the main
entrance to the hotels lobby and restau-
rants. In this part of the facade, pre-oxi-
dized, dark brown Nordic Brown copper
was used. The copper was assembled by
Napapiirin Yrityshallit from Rovaniemi.
To the building site, 1,100 square metres
of 1 x 700mm copper strips were deliv-
ered, which before assembly were divid-ed into different lengths. The strips were
then joined together by a simple vertical
seam, with consideration to the heat flow
in the copper. The seams were locked
with hidden cleats and then sealed with
oil. The assembly work itself, performed
during cold and snowy conditions, was
successful, even though the copper
smiths had to do the work wearing gloves
due to the freezing temperatures.
The beautiful and comfortable Hotel Saa-ga opened in March 2003 and has now
been in business for over a year and a
half. The hotel offers numerous facilities
in addition to regular hotel services and is
perfect for todays rushed people the
hotel is specialized in spiritual well-being
and physical revitalization. The hotel of-
fers 83 guestrooms, a spa and a large
number of rehabilitation services. Fur-
thermore, Saaga has a separate pool aresaunas and many possibilities for recrea-
tion.
The hotels exterior architecture and co
ours fit in nicely at the base of the moun
tain, where the landscape changes col-
ours with the season. And the natural
copper gracefully follows the colour
scheme of the surroundings.
Photographer:MikaelLinden
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The city hall building seen from the west, with the entrance to the left facing Stortorget. In the background Martenstorget and the Krogno building
dating from the 17th century.
Lunds city hall 40 years old By Per Qvarnstrm, architect, Sweden
After decades of discussions, investiga-tions and several architecture compe-titions for a new city hall building inLund, the municipality started theplanning in 1960 for the Stortorget ar-ea and the old city hall building. Cer-tain confusion existed due to the lackof an updated plan for this the oldestpart of Lund. Thus, as the hundreds ofconstruction plans for the building sitewere delivered in 1964, the architect
wrote on a note to the city represen-tatives: As I now hand over the build-ing plans for the city hall, I thank youfor giving me enough time to plan thisextraordinarily demanding work.Soon, the construction work was un-derway and after a few years the cityhall, stretching over an entire cityblock, was finished. As a child I of ten
peeked through a crack in the hoard-ing surrounding the building site. Atfirst it almost made me feel dizzy justto look down. Far down there in themud the archaeologist crawled aroundin small groups. Some of the itemsthey found are today exhibited at theMuseum of Cultural History in Lund.
Triangular block
When architect Klas Anshelm at the
end of his life alone with a small taperecorder described his projects, he didit with sharp direction in a single take.However, when it comes to the workwith Lunds city hall, Anshelm some-times returns to the subject with newcomments. The project was obviouslyexhausting but also of great personalsignificance to him. His descriptions
concern in particular the work withthe overall solution for the project.The answer was as simple as it wasbrilliant. The tall concert hall and thelower session hall for the city govern-ment council are placed freely in a tri-angular main building that in itself be-comes a small block. Around thebuilding, smaller, more intimate areasand defined office spaces are formed.There is also room for a bank, shops, a
foyer, a garage and much more. The in-terior becomes original and beautiful.
Simple materials
Brick, steel, concrete, glass and wood;these basic materials make up themain part of the building. But finelyscrubbed plaster and beautifully oxi-dized copper greatly influence the
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overall impression of the building. Inparticular, the totally copper-clad, tallconcert halls sweeping shape can beseen from all directions in the neigh-bourhood. From certain angles moredominating, but the architect has clev-erly pulled back the big volume fromStortorget to make the city hall more
prominent from that viewpoint. A fineachievement by a tradesman whosereputation in the cultural preservationcircles of the time was not always con-sidered the best.
Copper will last
Verner Andersson, born 1938 and nowa retired metal sheet worker, tellsabout the metal work on Lunds cityhall: Well, it was work for two-three
men in periods during a couple ofyears. I was 27-28 years old andworked together with a man namedEkholm. He was a few years older. Weworked for Srenssons metal worksin Lund - this company no longer ex-ists. We did piecework, but we seldomhad vertical metal work of this magni-tude. The architect was stubborn. The
large window ledges would have toconnect directly to the brick. We toldhim there would be runoff that wouldturn the facade green, which hap-pened. Subsequently we had to addextra ledges at the upper levels lateron.
Besides this, after almost 40 yearspractically nothing has changed on the
exterior of the building that is other-wise rather difficult to maintain. Thewindow areas, almost all front doorsand the scrubbed plaster are original.No exterior building parts have beenadded. And the copper has only partlybeen supplemented or replaced, main-ly in connection with additional insula-tion of the horizontal concrete roofs.
Tore Gransson at Lunds municipalitis responsible for the maintenance anhe sees no need for metal repairs formany years to come. The municipalityalso knows that it has a very specialbuilding in its care.
The construction of Lunds city hall involved a big investment of the munici-pality. They decided to go through
with a proposal from one of the mostsought after architects in the countrywho with great enthusiasm performea demanding task. In return Lund re-ceived a representative building thatsince its inauguration has drawn con-siderable and justified international attention.
The concert halls copper-covered structure
has external vertical ventilation ducts. In thebackground Lunds cathedral can be seen.
Architect Klas Anshelm in front of the city hall
building in 1969. In the background the town
hall can be seen to the left.
City hall seen from Botulfsgrnden. The to
roof area and the concert halls technolog
platform can be reached through the gla
encased spiral staircas
The chestnut tree to the left is irrigated. In th
foreground a sculpture by Eduardo Chillid
Surrounding brick buildings are reflected in t
large window
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Sweden House is renovatedand gets new copper roof
Sweden House, situated in one of Stockholms most desirable office and
business areas on Hamngatan across from the department store NK, is
presently going through a complete renovation and expansion with an
additional floor.
By Lennart Engstrm, Sweden
Built in 1969, Sweden House was de-
signed by architect Sven Markelius,one of the great names of the 1920sclassicism and later also the functional-ism. The building was initially designedto house organizations for cultural re-lations. With its characteristic facadeit has become a cultural landmark inthe centre of the city. During the lastyear the building proprietor, Vasakro-nan, has carried out an extensive ren-ovation of the building with assistance
from architect firm Ahlsn Inredning-sarkitekter AB, which won the prestig-ious task of combining 1960s aesthet-ics with the most modern quality anddesign. Two entirely new floors withoffice space have been added. Here,
future tenants are offered first-class
offices with the best location at a well-known address! The new floors havefacades entirely clad in copper and anew roof of strip-covered copper.Sheet metal works Svenska Pltentre-prenader AB performed the 2,500square metres large copper coveringof the new floors. The metal work wasdone with a factory-oxidized NordicBrown copper sheet. The factory-oxi-dized dark surface of the copper is
achieved by letting the copper strippass through an oxidation line in themanufacturing process in the rollingmill. The oxide layer has the same col-our and texture as the naturally devel-oped oxide. Depending on the climate
and other external circumstances the
dark surface will, with time, shift togreen patina when exposed outside.Also the strip-covered roof areas aredone with factory-oxidized half-hardcopper. The facade is built up withhorizontal copper strips connectedwith an angled seam verge. The newdark-oxidized addition to SwedenHouse is in my opinion another goodexample of how copper successfullycan be combined with other building
materials and create bridges betweendifferent styles, and thus contribute toa harmonious architectural dialoguebetween the materials.
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A beautiful building in a new section of the city
We have earlier written in Architec-tural Copper Review about the con-struction of a new office for the pen-sion insurance company Sampension inTuborg Syd, a brand new section ofthe city north of Copenhagen. Thebuilding is now finished and constitutesthe work environment for more than300 employees. Sampension is one ofDenmarks largest pension insurancecompanies and handles mainly pensionmatters for the labour market. Thebuilding has therefore been given asolemn, but at the same time open,welcoming architectural language.
The building is made up of two bodies:one angled that carries a square tu-bular element. The angled body of thebuilding is covered with verdigris-green granite from Brazil, while thesquare tubular body to a large ex-tent gets its characteristics from thecopper cladding, which consists ofshutters that are alternately turned in-wards and outwards. This gives the
copper facade a sophisticated relieffeeling that contrasts nicely with manyof the neighbouring buildings, whichare characterized more by todaysfondness of glass facades.
Well thought-out sun shield
The copper shutters of the facade ofSampension can be turned so that theemployees get a free view. But theyare also perforated with small holes
that make it possible to look out evenwhen the shutters are turned down toshield from the sun. The shutters aremanufactured in factory-oxidized Nor-dic Brown and no less than 60 tons ofcopper were needed for the facade.Rich. Mller A/S manufactured thematerial and delivered the perforatedcassettes, while the actual facade cov-
ering was performed by Kai AndersenA/S.
The story-high cassettes will with timechange to a light green patina andthereby give the building a lighteroverall impression. It will be very in-teresting to see how this patina will
match the green granite on the otherpart of the building. Unfortunately, thiswill not happen for a few years, as thepatination takes longer today than itused to. There is not a lot of heavypolluting industry in Copenhagen thatwill help the patination.
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Motor-driven work comfort
When looking at the solutions to Sam-pension's office building we find manyinteresting details that are worth men-
tioning. To remain with the copper,the shutters are motor-driven and ac-tivated by the employees pressing abutton. However, the buildings auto-matic system will turn all individualsettings back to zero at the end of theday, so that they are in their originalpositions when the employees come inthe next morning.
Kurt Norman Pedersen at Kai An-
dersen A/S tells us that all shutterframes are manufactured in stainlesssteel: The copper is extraordinarilycorrosion-aggressive towards steeland it is therefore necessary to usestainless steel in order for the con-struction to keep its high quality formany years to come.
Besides this, the motor-driven com-fort goes even further, with the instal-lation of a computerized mobile shelfsystem that employees can use by thetouch of a panel. Furthermore, aes-thetic considerations have been takennot only of the exterior, but also of
the interior. In the centre atrium theris a 27 metre tall light installation withfibre optic cables that attract atten-tion. The fibre optic creates a veil in
front of the meeting rooms and diversion with its changing colours, andgives off humidity through water droprunning along the fibres down into abasin at the bottom of the installationwhere the water is collected.
Proprietor:
SampensionArchitect:
3 x NielsenFacade:
Kai Andersen A/SMaterial:
Outokumpu Nordic Brown (Half hardManufacturing:
Rich. Mller A/SFacade covering:
Performed by Kai Andersen A/S
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Elegant combina-
tion of a city
building in brick
and the addition
characterized by
copper cladding.
Copper for a high schoolwith growing pains
In the heart of Roskilde is RoskildeCounty High School, situated rightnext to Roskilde Cathedral, whereDenmarks royalty are laid to rest.Roskilde was originally Denmarks gov-erning city and has an interesting his-tory, which gained a new dimensionwhen a Viking ship was found in thefiord in the early 1960s.
However, at Roskilde County HighSchool more contemporary problemsare occupying teachers and students.As more and more young people applyto the high school each year, the build-ing at Domkirkepladsen has becometoo crowded. With a prognosis ofmore than 700 students it is necessary
to expand, and this task was presentedto the countys permanent collabora-tion partner in this area: Skaarup &Jespersen in Hellerup.
Location, history, architecture andtodays demand on functionality shouldall be incorporated to an entity whenwe plan in such a sensitive area as cen-tral Roskilde says architect Hans Ap-pel at Skaarup & Jespersen who is incharge of the project. Initially, the en-tire discussion was about how to find
a site for the new building. This wasresolved by the possibility of buying aneighbouring house that could be torndown to give room.
Copper - a natural choice
When the necessary land area for thebuilding had been secured, the plan-ning and design work could begin. Ac-cording to Hans Appel it was a matterof course to use copper for the build-ing. This for two reasons: On onehand copper had already been used for
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the original part of Roskilde CountyHigh School, on the other hand cop-per had been used for the twin towersof the historic Roskilde Cathedral,which borders to the high school.
Architect Hans Appel: With coppercovering on the new buildings towerand facades we draw a straight line tothe rest of the block and back to the
historical buildings surrounding us inthe centre of the city. Furthermore,this is a protected area, which contrib-utes to the tight limits for how muchwe will allow ourselves to do.Architect Lone Busk drew the firstlines for the project, after which HansAppel took over and brought it to thebidding stage, which was the projectsfirst objective. In Denmark, an archi-tect firm such as Skaarup & Jespersen,
that serves as proprietor advisor forRoskilde County, cannot itself contin-ue the project and carry it through.
Almost 1,100 additional
square metres
The total contract was won by ElindcoByggefirma A/S, and together with,among others, Henrik Srensen MAA
Architects they were commissioned todo the actual construction, but withHans Appel as the countys represent-ative at the work site. Today the build-ing is finished and in use. It houses sev-eral classrooms and project rooms,and even the teachers lounge hasfound space in the new building. Thishas at the same time created space fora larger dining-hall in the older part of
the building.
Towards Bondetinget the buildinglooks like a regular city building withplastered facades and a red tile roof,says Hans Appel. The building facingthe courtyard is built in finely struc-tured brick with extensive use of cop-per cladding. We have used approxi-mately five tons 0,75mm thick coppersheet and strips. Eckeroth/Gladsaxe
Tag & VVS did the sheet metal work incooperation with the full contractorElindco.
The result is worth seeing. The highschool did not only get more space forthe growing number of students. It al-so got an extension that in spite of itsmodern details and functions fits nice-
ly into the protected city centre. Andnot least, the use of copper has built bridge between the past and thepresent.
Architect:
Henrik Srensen MAAProprietor:
Roskilde AmtBuilding year:
2002Consulting:
Full consultingSheet metal works:
Eckeroth/Gladsaxe Tag & VVS
Approximately five tons of copper were
used to cover the tower, roof and
facades.
The extension has many nice details, for example this courtyard with the Cathedral in the backgroun
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Kungstrdgrden in Stockholmadorned with copper
By Lennart Engstrm, Sweden
The drainpipes are built into the exterior wall
In the centre of the city and in theheart of Stockholm is Kung-strdgrden, popularly called Kungsan.The park dates back to the 15th cen-tury, when the land was used for hor-
ticulture. Several centuries later thepark was turned into a beautiful ren-aissance garden. For the last hundredyears, the park that is surrounded by20 metre tall leafy lime tree avenueshas been a green oasis in the city.Here different activities take place allyear, from music festivals to Christmasmarkets, and during the last few years
also a restaurants day. During thesefestivities the entire park is often filledwith people.As a result there have been extensivestudies of the condition of the trees in
the park over the last few years. Stud-ies show that most trees were seri-ously rot- and fungus damaged. Therotting weakens the trees and increas-es the risk of falling branches thatcould injure visitors to the park. Afrequently visited park such as Kung-
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san cannot risk injuries due to fallingbranches and because of this theStockholm department of streets andproperties decided to do a full renova-tion of the park. The old and diseasedlime trees will be replaced over athree-year period and the work will becarried out exactly according to the200 year old planting maps. In addi-tion, Sdergruppens ArkitektkontorAB was commissioned to draw theplans for four restaurant buildings inthe park. Architect Gabriel Herdevallcame up with a proposal where pavil-ions were placed along the east side ofthe park facing Kungstrdgrdsgatan.The pavilions serve as sound barriersagainst the street and large windowsopen up to the park and walkway. Thecharacteristic, curved pavilion roofswere made in copper. To use copperfor the pavilions was a natural choicein this part of Stockholm. In the blocksaround Kungsan with palace-like oldbuildings, there is a long tradition touse copper for roof covering. Many ofthe adjacent roofs have with time alsodeveloped the natural green patinathat is characteristic for copper.
When building on land dating backfrom the 15th century, great care hasto be taken in the detailed planning. Asfor the roof covering, an analysis ofhow rainwater from copper roofs af-fects the environment was made. In
this case, runoff from the roofs takesplace via drainpipes mounted in theexternal wall with connecting distribu-tion pipes to a sandstone bed for finalfiltration into the park ground. Withthe help of research results from,among others, the Royal TechnicalCollege in Stockholm, it is today possi-
ble to, with rather simple methods, es-timate the runoff from a copper sur-face and how the metal in the runoffreacts with the surroundings.The documented runoff from theroofs turned out to be within limits
and has no negative effect on the envronment. Cement and limestone arelong known to interact with rainwateand bind the copper ions during for-mation of the green mineral malachite
The first copper pavilion was built inthe spring of 2003 and another three
were built in 2004. The last pavilion isplanned for completion in spring 2005Hagalunds sheet metal works wascommissioned to install the copperroofs on the three pavilions built thisyear. The roofing is done with 0,6-mmcopper sheeting assembled in tradi-tional covering. Via a valley gutter therainwater is conveyed to the built-indrainpipes. The pale plastered facadesmeet the roof in a soft, slightly round
ed connection made of copper.
The copper sheets have been pre-joined together as a single unit to cover the entire length of th
roof by the sheet-metal workers, in order to simplify the assembly at the construction sit
View from Kungstrdgrdsgatan
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Construction on Svalbardin harmony with the unique environment
By Lennart Engstrm, Sweden
In the previous issue of ArchitecturalCopper Review we described how thesheet metal workers prepared for the
building of the new 8,500 square me-tres research village outside Longyear-byen on Svalbard. The article showedsome of the problems of carrying outa demanding craft in extreme weatherconditions.Also planners and building proprietorsare facing various problems when plan-ning for such a large project as Sval-bard research village. For example, lay-ing foundations and putting down
pipes in areas with permafrost can beproblematic. Another very importantconsideration is to not disturb the nat-ural balance of the barren fauna on theisland. Here it is especially importantto analyse the choice of materials froman overall aspect and select materialsthat are environmentally friendly, as
Svalbard has a very limited and uniquefauna that must be preserved.Before the facade and roof materials
finally were selected, project leaderAstrid Reikvam at Stadsbygg, the build-ing proprietor, initiated at an earlystage an environmental analysis in or-der to minimize future environmentaleffects.Based on existing research findings itis possible to estimate the amount ofcopper that could be set free from thebuilding. An important parameter forthe calculations is the yearly precipita-
tion, which for Svalbard is relativelylow, only 120 mm/year. Other impor-tant factors are angles and aspect ofthe different bodies of the building.It turned out that very small amountsof copper were set free and these arebelieved to have no effect on the envi-ronment. With the answers from the
evaluation, Stadsbygg could make thedecision to cover the facades as wellas the roof with copper. Traditionally,
tar paper has been used for the hous-es on Svalbard and the roofs havebeen repaired and re-roofed withclose intervals. This type of roofing,however, could be less desirable froma maintenance aspect as well as en en-vironmental aspect.It is difficult to make a general classifi-cation of materials as good or bad. Re-ality is not black or white; all materialshave advantages and disadvantages.
Choices and recommendations mustbe based on an overall evaluation thatincludes all relevant aspects, includingevaluation of the alternatives.
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THE KALE IDOSCOPE
The lecture hall at Sveaplan HighSchool has been given a new roofof traditional copper covering.Oscar Jansson sheet metal work-shop has performed the roofing,and reports that the work wentalong well. The only problem was apeculiar theft, as some thieves onenight stole copper sheeting thathad just been mounted on the roofthe day before.The copper roof was installed withannealed copper sheeting.
The lecture hall at Sveaplan High School
is being renovated
Athen's train station
A new 5,000 m2 open shed made inpatinated copper now gives shelterfrom the rain to the waitingpassengers.
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Prefabricated copper solutions
Dutch architect Erik van Egeraats
vision for Copenhagens harbour issix copper and glass towers onKryers Plads in Copenhagen, thetallest of them 55 metres.
Proposal for grandiose copper construction in Copenhagen
Elegant, beautiful andmaintenance freeProduced by E.J. VVS, Herning.
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When old
The stairways at the rear
of the building are covered
with prepatinated copper
and have large glass
surfaces that allow daylight
to pass through.
The folks at Askim Sparebank
were convinced, just by looking
over to the next street corner,
that their new building should be
covered by copper, and not zinc.
The result is a successful renova-
tion and extension, where prepat
nated copper creates a perfect
transition between old and new.
When those in charge of the renova-tion and extension of Askim Spare-bank began their planning, there weremany different suggestions. The taskfor stre Linje Arkitekter, the archi-tecture firm chosen for the job, was trenovate the existing building and de-sign a new building for the adjancent
corner lot and a block of apartmentsadjacent to the corner building.
It was decided that the new housewould be built in brick, like the exist-ing one, but there was some discus-sion on what surface material to use.Zinc was considered, but as zinc hadbeen used on the balconies of the
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and new meet
The corner buildings glass front contrasts
nicely with the light, prepatinated copper that
characterizes the residential section of the
building along the side street.
The original building borders to the new
building with the glass facade in the corner.
building across the street, there wassome concern that too much zincwould give a lifeless impression, andthe architects therefore decided oncopper. Now they needed to deter-mine which type of copper to use.
Expressive surface with Nordic
Green PLUS
The building committee looked at sev-eral different types of prepatinatedcopper and decided on the NordicGreen PLUS method. An alternativemethod gave the material a bluishglow, but with Nordic Green PLUS,the natural patinated glow, structureand variation in the surface that wasaimed for appeared.
The result proves that the buildingcommittees decision was the rightone. Prepatinated copper frames thewindows facing the street. The cornerbuilding is characterized by large glasssurfaces, while the residential block onthe side street is entirely covered by
copper. The stairways at the rear ofthe building are covered with copperas well, broken up by large glass parti-tions that allow the daylight to passthrough.
Positive reactions from the cus-
tomers
The surface of the older building wasearlier aluminum that had been paintedgreen. Theres a noticable difference
today with the green patinated copper,which characterizes the entire block.A total of six tons of copper was deliv-
ered, and it was treated on site by Er-ling Freitag AS, who did the sheet met-al work. Thus, what was used was notfactory-patinated copper, but untreat-ed material that was brushed with theliquid immediately before the assem-bly. This gives a beautiful and varied
structure with life and movement ofthe colours.
Askim Sparebank is very different fromboth its zinc-covered neighbour acrossthe street and the old surface withpainted aluminum sheets. There havebeen many positive reactions, bothfrom customers and from people livingalong the street, and this naturallypleases the members of Askim Spare-
bank building committee, and inspiredthem to travel to Finland to visit thefactory that delivered the copper.
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The Eesti Kunstimuuseum
project moves forward
Illustration: Pekka Vapaavuo
By Pekka Vapaavuori, architect
The Eesti Kunstimuuseum project is
based on an international architecture
competition that was decided on April 1,
1994. First prize was given to bo-based
Finnish architect Pekka Vapaavuoris
proposal Circulos. The work started
immediately after the contest and in Jan-
uary of 1995 the revised outline plans ona scale of 1/200 were handed over. The
project was on hold for the following
years. In 1999 the continuous financing
was guaranteed and the actual planning
could be started. After a few delays a
building permit was granted in the sum-
mer of 2002. After extensive excavation
work the construction was started in
the fall of 2003. The building is planned
to be finished in September 2005 and
the museum will be inaugurated at the
end of that year.
The location of the museum on the
site and in the park environment
The site on the outskirts of the Kadri-orgi Park has two sides: At the base of
the twenty metre tall limestone preci-
pice, which is surrounded by a lush park
landscape, one is totally unaware of the
busy road 100 metre southwards. The
areas upper level opens up to an entire-
ly different view. The landscape is split in
half by Laagnaroad mountain gorge and
farther eastwards the large suburb of
Lasnamki can be seen, while the centr
of Tallinn with its towers can be seen tothe west.
The basis of the planning was to f it a
large building into the area and at the
same time keep the Kadriorgi Park as
unspoiled as possible. It was desirable t
preserve the old valuable trees and re-
serve the park mainly for pedestrians.
The light from the lighthouse in La-
snamki decided the buildings maximal
height. Because of these conditions the
building was lowered into the slope. Asthe building is partly placed below
ground level it gives an impression of be
ing smaller, and is not a threat to the
Kadriorgi Palaces predominate position
in the park. This solution also creates a
functional connection between the up-
per level and the park.
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International website on copper in architecture
General solutions for the building
The building, which is partly surrounded
by a concrete wall circle, is well suited
for the needs of the museum. The circu-
lar wall defines the museums courtyard
in a natural and discreet way and meets
the security requirements without com-
pletely closing off the courtyard. The
wall also encloses an area of sculptures,
which serves as part of the park when
the museum is open. The busy traffic is
led to the museums basement via a 130
metre long tunnel, directly from Laag-
navgen.
Parking and the closest bus stops are lo-
cated at the upper part of the site. From
here the visitors are taken via a tunnel
for pedestrians through the sculpture
park to the museums front entrance.
On this level there is a ticket office,
shop and entrance to the exhibits. The
museums other entrance can be
reached via a ramp to the auditorium
lobby, from which visitors continue to
the main entrance foyer. Crossing bridg-
es dominate the tall entrance that di-
vides the museum into two parts. The
planners have sought simplicity and defi-
nition, especially in the galleries where
the goal has been anonymity to give
room for the art. The ascetic features of
the interior can also be seen in the ex-
ternal distinctly geometric shapes.
Nordic Green PLUS-copper on
the facade and inside
When selecting materials the architects
have sought clarity. Three different kinds
of facade materials were used. The
curved concrete wall has a surface of
limestone brick that connects the build-
ing to the surrounding limestone verge.
The northeast wall is mainly a double-
glazed facade. The special-made glass
diffracts and f ilters the light to suit the
museums exhibit halls. Horizontally
joined green-patinated copper sheeting
covers the part of the building contain-
ing the exhibition halls. There is totally
about 4,000 square metres of copper
covering on the exterior, the major part
Nordic Green PLUS-copper. The green-
patinated copper was in the picture even
at the contest stage in 1994, before Ou-
tokumpu had a finished product for pati-
nation, and pre-patinated copper surfac-
es could be found only on a few buildings
in central Europe. Patinated copper will
also be used in the interior of the build-
ing. The total area of the building is
23,900 m2 with a volume of 123,000 m3.
www.copperconcept.org
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Building renovation in Germanywith patinated copper
By Klaus Docter, Germany
On Bernadotte-Strasse 104-114 in Hamburg, just below the perhaps
better known Elbchaussee with its exclusive flats, there is a house that
was built during the fifties. The building proprietor wanted to add
another floor and commissioned architect firm Lbbert & Quibeldey
for the task. The result was a new floor and an entirely new roof shaped
like a wave with a slope of approximately seven degrees.
Detail of connection to skylig
After evaluation of different technicalsolutions for the roofing, the choicestood between a strip covering and atraditional covering of copper that fol-lowed the shape of the roof. Finally,the alternative with the strip coveringwas chosen, as in this particular case
this technique turned out to be themost beneficial both technically andeconomically. When it later alsoturned out to be possible to use fac-tory-patinated strips of the NordicGreen PLUS type, the last pieces ofthe puzzle fell into place. A sheet met-
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The roofing is finished but the work still continues from the scaffolding on the facade.
View over the green roof landscape
al factory from Steinfurt was contractedto do the mounting of the new copperroof of approximately 1,700 square me-tres. The copper strips were pre-fabri-cated as much as possible at the
Rutkowski Metalldacheindeckungensheet metal shop before the materialwas transported to the constructionsite. With seam dressing, sizing and
curving already being performed at thesheet metal shop during favourableconditions, the assembly time at thebuilding site, normally the most costlystage, could in this case be consider-
ably shortened.The copper strips were delivered witha protecting plastic foil that preventsthe patina layer from being damaged
or scratched when worked on. The in-stallation at the site was done withtraditional tools and techniques. Theambitions and commitment of thesheet metal workers to perform high-
quality work is apparent in the niceimpression you get when walkingaround on the roof where all detailscan be closely examined.
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Faraday Housein London is renovated
By Lennart Engstrm, Sweden
Michael Faraday (1791-1867) was aBritish chemist and physicist who be-came one of sciences big innovativeexperimenters. He was best knownfor his groundbreaking experimentswith electricity and magnetism. It wasFaraday who in 1834 introduced theterm electrode.At his retirement he was allotted ahouse in Blackfriars near St. Pauls Ca-thedral, where he lived until his death1867. Today the building is owned andmaintained by British Telecom. An ex-tensive renovation of the entire build-ing is presently underway, and duringlast spring the roof was renovated.
Completely new roofing was donewith pre-patinated copper. The com-pany Marshott Non Ferrous Roofingwas contracted to do the strip cover-ing in copper. It was the first time thiscompany had performed roofing withpre-patinated copper of the NordicGreen PLUS type. We were a bit un-certain in the beginning, they said.We did not quite know then how thepre-patinated surface would be affect-
ed when worked on at the site. How-ever, we soon discovered that the patnated surface could stand all normalhandling and even mechanical treat-ment with seam sealing. When studying the roof from the street levelmost people probably believe that thebeautifully green-patinated copperroof has been there for several hun-dred years.
for more informationon copper products.
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