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Properties of Fresh Concrete
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*+,-(+.(/ '0 1'+23 4#(Workability Workability
Slump Loss Segregation/Bleeding Plastic Shrinkage Plastic Shrinkage
Time of Set Temperature Temperature -Curing
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!(?$# '$@ A'+@($"$#
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!2;:- B(/0
C$D(+0(@ &,$(
%22 "0 ;- >"06 06+(( 2'3(+/
,5 (E;'2 D,2;:(
+,@ ('&6 2'3(+ FG .:(/
/&+'-( ,H 06( /;+5'&(
8
4
12
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!2;:- 0(/0
Slump
Ruler
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!2;:- B(/0
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!2;:- 0(/0 +(/;20/ /.H IJFK
:'//"D( /(&.,$/L 2"M2( +("$5,+&(:($0
;/( D"9+'.,$ :(@";: FJGK
&,2;:$/L 9(':/L +(0'"$"$# >'22/
N2;"@ GJOK
6('D"23 +("$5,+&(@ /(&.,$L =,>'92( &,$&+(0(
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>'0(+ &(:($0 +'.,"5 3,; '@@ ZI #'22,$/ ,5 >'0(+ -(+ &;9"& 3'+@ '0 [,9 /"0(L
06($S
(R0+' >'0(+ZI #'22,$/P&;9"& 3'+@ \ ]YUW 2"0(+/P#'22,$^ \ ]FUF 29/UP8#^ \
] Z8#P2"0(+^ Q WYUOO 29/U
0,0'2 >'0(+ FWF _ WYUOO Q YVGUOO$(> >P& Q YVGUOO P VWG Q IUGYX `` IUXY
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N'&0,+/ 'H(&.$# /2;:-J
-'/0( &,$0($0 &,$/0'$0 >'0(+ &(:($0 +'.,
"$&+('/( -'/0( &,$0($0
"$&+('/( /2;:-
ab cbbd
&,$/0'$0 &(:($0 &,$0($0
"$&+('/( >'0(+ &,$0($0
"$&+('/( /2;:-
ab cbbd
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N'&0,+/ 4H(&.$# !2;:-J
7'0(+ '0(+ '0 06( &,$/0'$0 &(:($0 &,$0($0L >P
& "$&+('/(/L /2;:- "$&+('/(/U
4@@ >'0(+ '0 ' &,$/0'$0 >'0(+ &(:($0 +'.,L6'D( 0, "$&+('/( &(:($0 '/ >(22L /2;:-
"$&+('/(/U
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4@:"R0;+(/ /(0 +(0'+@"$# '@:"R0;+(/
/(0 '&&(2(+'.$# '@:"R0;+(/
>'0(+ +(@;&"$# '@:"R0;+(/ /;-(+-2'/.&"e(+/
'"+ ($0+'"$"$# '@:"R0;+(/
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N'&0,+/ 'H(&.$# /2;:- 4##+(#'0(/
#+'@"$# 06( 2'+#(+ 06( -'+.&2( /"e(L 06( 6"#6(+ 06(
/2;:- 5,+ ' #"D($ -'/0( &,$0($0
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f2((@"$# '$@ !(#+(#'.,$
!(#+(#'.,$S &,'+/( '##+(#'0( 0($@/ 0, /(#+(#'0( @;(
0, #+'D"03U B3-"&'2 ,5 @+3 :"R(/U
f2((@"$#S >'0(+ +"/"$# 0, 06( /;+5'&(U B3-"&'2 ,5 >(0
:"R(/U
76($ (R&(//"D(L &(:($0 -'+.&2(/ '$@ >'0(+ #, 0,
06( /;+5'&( -,+,/"03 #,(/ ;- g -'/0( &'$ ('/"23 9(
'9+'@(@ JJ` @;/.$#U
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!(#+(#'.,$
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f2((@"$# '$@ "0/ &,$0+,2
(($
0>, 2'3(+/
! causes
! lack of fines
! too much water content
! Remedies
! more fines
!
adjust grading
! entrained air
! reduce water content
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4"+
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1'+23J4#( h,2;:(
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N+(( !6+"$8'#(L
&';/(/ D,2;:( &6'$#(L 9;0 $, /0+(//(/
before shrinkage After Shrinkage
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i(/0+'"$(@ !6+"$8'#(J &+('0(/ /0+(//(/L >6"&6
:'3 &';/( &+'&8"$#
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i(/0+'"$(@ /6+"$8'#( &+'&8"$#
Parallel cracking perpendicularto the direction of shrinkage
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'0(+ (D'-,+'0(/ 5'/0(+ 06'$ "0 &'$ +('&6 06(
0,- /;+5'&(
@+3"$# >6"2( -2'/.& &+'&8"$#
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*2'/.& !6+"$8'#(
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B(:-(+'0;+( (H(&0/ ,$ &;+"$#
B6( 6"#6(+ 06( 0(:-(+'0;+( 06( 5'/0(+ 06( &;+"$#
9(/0 0(:-(+'0;+( "/ +,,: 0(:-(+'0;+(
/0+,$#(/0 &,$&+(0( "/ :'@( '0 0(:-(+'0;+( '+,;$@
XI NU]$,0 -+'&.&'2^
C5 &,$&+(0( 5+((e(/ @;+"$# 06( %+/0 FX 6+/UL "0 :'3
$(D(+ 9( '92( 0, 'M'"$ "0/ ,+"#"$'2 -+,-(+.(/U
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B(:-(+'0;+( (H(&0/ ,$ &;+"$#
+('2 6"#6 0(:-(+'0;+(/ '9,D( ZFI N &'$ &';/(
/(+",;/ @':'#( /"$&( &(:($0 :'3 /(0 0,, 5'/0U
'&&(2(+'0(@ &;+"$# -+,&(@;+(/ -+,@;&( /0+,$#
&,$&+(0(L 9;0 @;+'9"2"03 :"#60 /;H(+U
';0,&2'D( &;+"$#U
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