Programs, Plans and Perspectives
Cita M. Furlani, Director, Information Technology Laboratory
March 17, 2011
NIST Mission and Programs
NIST Laboratories• Create critical measurement solutions and promote
equitable standards to stimulate innovation, foster industrial competitiveness, and improve the quality of life.
Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership• Nationwide network of resources helping smaller
manufacturers compete globally
Baldrige Performance Excellence Program• Promoting and recognizing performance excellence via
information and Presidential awards in manufacturing, service, small business, education, health care, and the
nonprofit sector
Technology Innovation Program• Supports development of cutting edge technologies by the
private sector and universities to address critical national needs and key societal challenges
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“To promote U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science,
standards, and technology in ways that enhance economic security and improve our quality of life”
NIST is the nation’s innovation agency
NIST: Basic Stats and Facts
•Major assets ~ 2800 federal employees
~ 2600 associates and facilities users/year
~ 1600 field staff in partner organizations (Manufacturing Extension Partnership)
Two main locations, MD and CO
Four collaborative Institutes (basic physics, biotech, quantum, marine)
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eFY 2010 Appropriations $862 M
Scientific and Tech-nical Research Ser-vicesIndustrial Technology ServicesConstruction of Research Facilities
$520 M
$147 M
$195 M
NIST has… … two main campuses
Boulder, CO
Gaithersburg, MD
Courtesy HDR Architecture, Inc./Steve Hall © Hedrich Blessing
©Geoffrey Wheeler
University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute
JILANIST + University of Colorado
NIST has… ...four joint institutes
Hollings Marine LaboratoryNIST + NOAA + South Carolina
+ College of Charleston + Medical University of South
Carolina
Joint Quantum InstituteNIST + University of Maryland + NSA
NIST Organization
Measurement Science
Physical Measurement Laboratory• Fundamental units • Applied measurements• Calibrations• Metric program• State weights & measures
programs
Material Measurement Laboratory• Material composition & properties• Validated methods & data• Standard reference materials• Laboratory accreditation
Technology Standards
Information Technology Laboratory• Cybersecurity • Cloud computing• Identity management• Computer forensics• Wireless• Health IT
Engineering Laboratory• Building technologies• Fire research• Smart Grid & energy technology• Advanced manufacturing
technology
Unique Measurement Capability – National Facilities
Center for Nanoscale Science & Technology
• Collaborative research & shared-access nanofabrication facility
• Established 2007• Large & growing
industrial use base
Center for Neutron Research
• Most productive & efficient neutron scattering facility in US
• Unique probe of atomic & molecular structure/dynamics
• Accounts for over 2/3 of neutron research in US
Information Technology Lab Mission
To promote US innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing
measurement science, standards, and technology
through research and development in
information technology, mathematics, and statistics.
ITL Core Competencies
Tech
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t IT Measurement and Testing
Mathematical and Statistical Analyses for Measurement Science
Modeling and Simulation for Measurement Science
IT Standards Development and Deployment
Customers
Academia
Industry
Govt
Consortia
NIST addressing critical national needs – Interoperability
• Cyber Security• Cloud Computing• Complex Information Systems
• Foundations of Measurement Science for Information Systems
• Public Safety Communications Systems
• Smart Grid• Health Information Technology
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Use experiment design theory to reduceparameter combinations to 256
Use sensitivity analysisto identity six mostsignificant parameters
(232)1000
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220-12
Discard parameters not germane to study – reduce by 944 parameters
O(109633) [ 1080 = atoms in visible universe]
(232)56 O(10539)
(232)20 O(10192)
O(106)
256
Parameter Reduction
OrthogonalFractional-Factorial(OFF) ExperimentDesign 26-1 32
Group related remaining parameters– reduce by 36 parameters
Select only 2 values for each parameter
Use experiment design theory again to reduceparameter combinations to 32
Level Reduction
SensitivityAnalysis
OFFExperimentDesign
NIST addressing critical national needs – Cyber Security
• Scalable cybersecurity for emerging technologies and threats
Improved cryptographic capabilities
Stronger assurance of online user identities
Easier-to-use security mechanisms
Increased use of security automation technology
Security measurement for large-scale systems
Secure adoption of emerging virtual technologies
Critical infrastructure testbed development
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NIST addressing critical national needs – Cloud Computing
• Accelerate the federal government’s secure adoption of cloud computing Build a USG Cloud Computing Standards Roadmap
which focuses on the highest priority USG cloud computing security, interoperability and portability requirements
Lead efforts to develop standards and guidelines in close consultation and collaboration with standards bodies, the private sector, and other stakeholders
• Accomplishments Final Guide to Security for Full Virtualization
Technologies, January 2011 DRAFT Guidelines on Security and Privacy Issues in
Public Cloud Computing, January 2011 DRAFT NIST Definition of Cloud Computing, January
2011 DRAFT NIST Cloud Computing Synopsis &
Recommendations, March 2011
NIST addressing critical national needs – Complex Information Systems
• Goal: Define a systematic method to measure, understand, predict and control macroscopic behavior in complex information systems, e.g., Internet and Clouds
• Leverage modeling and analysis techniques used by NIST scientists to study large physical systems
• Interdisciplinary Team of computer scientists, statisticians, mathematicians and information visualization experts
• Combination of methods – scale reduction methods – orthogonal fractional factorial experiment
design – sensitivity analysis– multidimensional data analysis techniques
• NIST Special Publication 500-282: Study of Proposed Internet Congestion Control Mechanisms
• Currently conducting a study of resource allocation algorithms for Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Clouds
Use experiment design theory to reduceparameter combinations to 256
Use sensitivity analysisto identity six mostsignificant parameters
(232)1000
220
220-12
Discard parameters not germane to study – reduce by 944 parameters
O(109633) [ 1080 = atoms in visible universe]
(232)56 O(10539)
(232)20 O(10192)
O(106)
256
Parameter Reduction
OrthogonalFractional-Factorial(OFF) ExperimentDesign 26-1 32
Group related remaining parameters– reduce by 36 parameters
Select only 2 values for each parameter
Use experiment design theory again to reduceparameter combinations to 32
Level Reduction
SensitivityAnalysis
OFFExperimentDesign
INTERNET
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VM1VM1VM1VM1 VM1
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Cluster Controller #c-m
NIST addressing critical national needs – Foundations of Measurement Science for Information Systems• Develop metrics for assessing critical properties of information systems that can be used to both design more reliable and secure systems, as well as to enable effective real-time control of deployed systems. Macro-scale structure and
dynamics of large-scale interconnected systems
Identify and characterize fundamental measurable properties of complex information systems that are indicators of the systems' inherent level of security and reliability
Complex Networks Data Sets
NIST addressing critical national needs – Public Safety Communications
• Goal: To expedite the development of standards for public safety communications Provide the public safety community with a better
understanding of what to expect from new and emerging networking technologies
Accelerate the standardization and utilization of such technologies
• Technical Approaches Conduct measurements to assess radio
performance Devise mathematical, simulation tools and
modeling techniques to accurately characterize network protocol and system performance
• Major Accomplishments Developed a modeling and simulation platform for
evaluating the use of Long Term Evolution technologies in support of public safety communications
Developed simulation, testing, and protocol validation tools for select Project 25 standard specifications
NIST addressing critical national needs – Smart Grid Interoperability
• Working collaboratively, develop a framework and measurement tools for interoperability of Smart Grid devices and systems. Foundational Smart Grid
Standards Cyber Security for Smart Grid Networking Standards for Smart
Grid Electric Power Metrology and
the Smart Grid
NIST addressing critical national needs – Health IT
• Standards for National Priority Critical Infrastructures: Health Information Technology Support progress toward a nationwide
healthcare information infrastructure by
Developing and harmonizing usable standards for health IT technologies
Creating a health IT technology testing infrastructure
• Biomedical Measurements to Support Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Develop the measurement science
and reference materials to improve the accuracy, reproducibility, and efficacy of measurements used in medical diagnostics and imaging
Develop the measurement science and standards to support manufacturing and regulatory approval of biologic drugs
Image: Shutterstock, ©Konstantin Sutyagin
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