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EEG BASED PROSTHETIC ARM USING LabVIEW
ROHIT GANJU
26SET 144FINAL YR,ETCE C
INTERNAL GUIDE: EXTERNAL GUIDE:
Dr.SURYAKALA Mrs. SANGEETA
H.O.D- ETCE DEPTT. BIO-MEDICAL DEPTT
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INTRODUCTION
What is a Prosthetic Arm:
In medicine, a prosthesis is anartificial extension that replaces a missing
body part. Prostheses are typically used toreplace parts lost by injury (traumatic) ormissing from birth (congenital) or tosupplement defective body parts. Here weintend to design artificial extension to replacea missing hand for a handicapped patient
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OBJECTIVE
The objective is to operate a prosthetic Arm using
only the patients thoughts
The brain generates typical signals responsible for
hand movement
These can be captured using EEG Electrode &necessary hardware
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PROTOTYPE PRINCIPLE
The underlying principle is whenever a hand
movement is imagined Mu-rhythm is generated
This causes changes in parameters like variance,
frequency etc
Based on experimental approximation a thresholdcan be calculated
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This can be used to check condition whether Mu-
Rhythm is present or not
If Yes, the operation of Prosthetics is initiated, else it
remains stationary.
Which means when patient imagines a movement,his arm operates, else it doesnt
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Mu-RHYTHM
These are signals with fixed frequency contents- 8-10
Hz Bandwidth
They are generated at Scalp when a hand movement
is thought by a patient
When a movement is not imagined, they disappearfrom the EEG Signal
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WORK PROJECTION
Stage 1: Import of Raw EEG Data to LabVIEW
Stage2:Implementation of algorithm for Mu-Rhythm detection
Stage3: Generation of signals for Prosthetic Arm
DC Motors
Stage4: Operation of Real time Prosthetic Arm
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LabVIEW
It stands for Laboratory for Virtual Instrumentation
& Engineering Workbench
Award winning software used widely in Automation
Industry
Developed at National Instruments ,Texas,USA
Also called Graphical Programming Language
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INTRO (Contd)
Used to Program complex embedded Hardware
solutions like PLCs,Robots,FPGAs etc
All Inputs & Outputs are shown as Buttons &
Indicators
Easy to use, user friendly compared to other textbased languages
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PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT
It is divided into 2 parts- Front Panel & Block Diagram
All Inputs & Outputs are visible inside Front Panel
The inputs are called CONTROL ;Outputs are called
INDICATORS
The elements which cause the program to run are called
as Vis(Virtual Instruments) or functions
They are present in Block Diagram
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FRONT PANEL INLabVIEW
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INPUTS ANDOUTPUTS INLabVIEW
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I/ O s INLabVIEW ( CONTD)
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The Block diagram contains Palettes from which all
functions can be accessed
The functions perform pre-defined task ,if supplied
with required input
For e.g. Array size Vi, present in Array Palette ,givesthe size of the Array as the output
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FUNCTIONS INLabVIEW
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EEG DATA IMPORT
EEG RAW DATA
NOTEPAD FILE
IMPORT FROM
NOTEPAD FILE
Read from spread
sheet File
SPREAD SHEET FILE LabVIEW
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THEORY VALIDATION
To prove the Mu-Rhythm Hypothesis is true
It was assumed that Mu-rhythm disappears when a
person imagines a hand movement
When the Input EEG signals frequency component
reduces from 13-16 Hz to 8- 10 Hz, we say HandMovement was Imagined
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STFT-VALIDATION TOOL
STFT Stands for short time Fourier Transform
The objective is to find out the frequency content of
the input EEG Signal
Fourier Transforms are used normally for this
purpose
However ,using the above method produces
incorrect results
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This is due to random nature of EEG Signals
Hence what is done is the signal is broken into very
small parts and their individual transforms are
performed
This is called Short time Fourier Transform
They can be used to calculate frequency of EEG
Signals
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STFT SAMPLE GRAPH
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This proves the following
4 distinct bands can be seen which lie in the region
10,15,50,100 Hz
More than 1 amplitude value present in all
constituents]
This is shown by different colors
Thus frequencies are 10,15,50,100 Hz
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STAGE1-DATA PROCESSING
The data obtained from hospital was obtained as a
notepad file
The values present inside are the instantaneous
amplitude value of the signal w.r.t time
The amplitude values were recorded at every 2 microseconds
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RAW EEGDATA SCREENSHOT
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Total of 5000 data points obtained for 10 s EEG
recordings
The Notepad file contains data for 6 channels-
C3,C4,Fp1,Fp2,A1,A2
Import of data for 1 channel is done at a time
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DATA IMPORT DESIGN FLOW
The Notepad File contains EEG data for 6 channels C3,C4,Fp1,Fp2,A1,A2
Using the function Import from Text Pad File', thedata is written in Spread sheet File
The file is saved in the computer
In LabVIEW ,under the file I/O Palette use Read fromSpread sheet file VI Function
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DATA IMPORT SCREENSHOT1
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DESIGN FLOW (Contd)
This produces o/p which can be viewed in
waveform graph
The output obtained is 2-D Array which can be
used for further processing
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EEGREADINGSEEGREADINGS RIGHTHAND MOVEMENT LabVIEW ENVIRONMENTRIGHTHAND MOVEMENT LabVIEW ENVIRONMENT
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STAGE2:AlGORITHM
IMPLEMENTATION
The objective of Stage 2 is to perform Mu-Rhythm Detection
A visual(LED) should be lit in the Front Panel when the above
rhythm is detected
A widely accepted parameter- Variance is used to set thethreshold condition
If for the given data, Variance is above threshold, Mu-Rhythm is present else its absent
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NEXT PHASE WORK
The objective here will be to produce necessary
output for the prosthetic Arm components
DC motors must start running when Mu-Rhythm is
detected .
In all other condition, it must be stationary
The operation should be done in Real time Domain
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