Prebreeding Tomato for Optimized Acylsugar-Mediated Insect Resistance
Martha Mutschler1, Darlene DeJong1, John Smeda2, Taylor Anderson1, Diane Ullman3
1 Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, SIPS, Cornell University2 Formerly Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, Cornell University; currently FSU
3 Dept. Of Entomology, UC-Davis
S. pennellii LA716 Cultivated tomato
Acylsugars and Insect Resistance
Two Series of Acylsugar Lines Bred for Differences in Acylsugar Level or Chemotype Form a Research Platform
Name Alteration in acylsugars produced by the line
Acylsugar Level and Chemistry Suppress Leaf Oviposition by WFT
Choice test: “Power washing” removes >77% of acylsugar
The probability of oviposition is ca. 0.50 if there if removing acylsugardroplets has no impact.
Entries with moderate/high levels of acylsugars have decreased WFT oviposition.
The acylsugar lines FA2/AS, FA7/AS and FA2/FA7/AS reduce probability of oviposition lower than CU071026
Ben-Mahmoud, Taylor Anderson et al. in prepUllman Lab, UC-Davis
Standard tomato, trace of acylsugar
Blocked acylsugar
production
Best WFT control
Acylsugar Level and Chemistry Work Together to Suppress
Inoculation of Leaves with TSWV by Western Flower Thrips
Entries with moderate-high acylsugar accumulation have decreased TSWV infection compared to tomato.
Lines FA2/AS, FA7/AS, and FA2/FA7/AS have significantly decreased TSWV infection vs tomato.
First instance of controlling virus by genetic control of the insect vector.
Cele
br i
ty
M82
CU
071026
FA
2/A
S
FA
7/A
S
FA
2/F
A7/A
S
FA
8/A
S
FA
2/F
A8/A
S
FA
5/A
S
0 .0 0
0 .2 5
0 .5 0
0 .7 5
1 .0 0
Pro
ba
bil
ity
of
TS
WV
In
oc
ula
tio
n
on
to U
nw
as
he
d L
ea
f D
isk
aa,b
a,b,c
c,d,ed,e
b,c,d
e
a,b,c
b,c,d
Standard tomato, trace of acylsugar
Blocked acylsugar
production
Reduced TSWV
Inoculation
Ben-Mahmoud, Taylor Anderson et al. in prepUllman Lab, UC-Davis
Acylsugar Level and Chemistry Impact SLW / TYLCV Inoculation in Field, Spr. 2014
Field trial done in cooperation with Hugh Smith and his staff
High, increasing numbers
of SLW across stages per
leaflet in the tomato
control and reduced
acylsugar lines
CU071026 and other
moderate acylsugar lines,
or higher acylsugar lines
maintain significantly
lower numbers of SLW
across stages per leaflet
Incidence of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) Wimauma, Spring 2014
Data log10 (x+1) transformed before ANOVA; original means reported. Means not followed by same letter significantly different, Tukey’s studentized range test (α = 0.05)Field trial done in cooperation with Hugh Smith and his staff
Entry% plants positive
for TYLCV
FL-47 100%
FL X-1, heterozygous for Ty-3 75%
AS X AS hybrid #1 Heterozygous for Ty-3, low AS level 60%
CU071026 53%
AS X AS hybrid # 2 typical AS level 50%
AS X AS hybrid # 3 Heterozygous for Ty-3 & Increased AS QTL 30%
Homozygous for Ty-3 and increased AS QTL 0%
CU17NBL-1: New Acylsugar Benchmark Line with Good Fruit/Seed Set
Name or entry number
Differences in the S. pennellii introgression or sub-introgressions present in entry
2017 Field Results
Chr 3Chr 8
AS as % of CU071026
7 week Fruit
Counts
Ave. Fruit Wt (g)Top Mid-upper Center Mid-low Low
CU071026 YES YES YES YES YES NO 100.0 ab 7.3 j 83.5 a
AVRDC NO NO NO NO NO NO 15.9 d 60.8 a 75.8 a
OM3/+8/AS NO YES YES YES YES Full Length 100.6 ab 30.1 c-f 33.0 f
M3/Ty-3/AS YES NO YES NO YES NO 39.9 cd 8.9 ij 74.3 a
1 NO YES YES NO YES Full Length 92.8 ab 19.2 f-h 36.5 ef
2: CU17NBL-1 NO YES YES NO YES Shortened 101.8 ab 41.7 b-d 50.7 bc
3 NO YES YES NO YES Full Length 116.7 a 22.2 f-h 37.1 ef
4: CU17NBL-2 NO YES YES NO YES Shortened 114.3 ab 50.6 ab 45.4 cd
Other Horticultural Traits That Must Be Improved in Acylsugar Lines: Mapping
Negative traits: small fruit, short bushy plant, off flavor
First step:
Other Horticultural Traits That Must Be Improved in Acylsugar Lines: Mapping
Impact of Chr 8 QTL in CU17NBL-1 on acylsugar level revealed:
Horticultural Traits That Must be Improved in Acylsugar Lines: SMALL FRUIT
• Chr. 10U
• Chr. 2.
• Chr. 3.
Horticultural traits that must be improved in acylsugar lines: OFF FLAVOR.
Horticultural Traits That Must be Improved in Acylsugar Lines: OFF FLAVOR.
Localization of QTL For Off Flavor Trait.
EntriesA / Seed Source
Is flavor
normal or
off?
Markers within the Chr3 introgression
sucr
3g0
31
00
SSR
11
1
3g1
02
20
4g3
96
30
5g6
01
60
1g0
53
50
3g4
83
30
5g5
28
20
U1
46
89
9
5g1
30
50
5g4
99
70
5g2
30
60
Location of marker in Mb
33
.3
59
.3
59
.4
60
.5
61
.2
61
.8
61
.9
62
.4
62
.9
63
.1
63
.7
63
.8
64
.4
CK-12 (F5) tomato Normal 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
CU071026 Off 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
171007-22 Off 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
171008-06 Off 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
171014-45 Off 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3
171010-44 Normal 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
CU17NBL-1, -2, and -3 Off 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3
Range of off flavor QTL Off flavor 1.3 MbA All AS entries homozygous for chr 2, 7, 10Upper introgressions. CU17NBL-1, -2, and -3 also has Chr 8 introgression
• Plants with recombinations from 64.1 to 64.4MB have been isolated for elimination of trait• 171010-44 is example of line without lower Chr 3, but normal AS level due to presence of Chr 8. region
Summary:
The process of eliminating QTL associated with negative horticultural traits is well underway: proceeding faster than anticipated.
Acknowledgements
• Mutschler Lab (Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell
Breeding insect and disease resistant tomatoes
− Darlene De Jong
− John Smeda
− Taylor Anderson
− Michael Glos
− Julie Bojanowski
• Ullman Lab (Entomology, UC-Davis)
western flower thrips and TSWV
− Diane Ullman
− Sulley Ben Mahmoud
• Kennedy Lab (Entomology, NCSU)
western flower thrips and TSWV
− George Kennedy
− Thomas Chappell
Horticultural Traits That Must Be Improved in Acylsugar Lines: SHORT BUSHY PLANT
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