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PATOLOGI ANATOMI
FK-UISU
2011-MEDAN
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The thyroid gland : on theanterior trachea of the neck.
Has a right lobe& a left lobe
connected by a narrow isthmus.
Weight:10-30 gr
Consists of follicles lined by a aneithelium and filled with colloid!he interstitium" which may
contain #C# cells
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HIPERSEKRESI KELENJAR TIROID
Peny Graves, !"s#" $!#er, #r!#%##s s&'a"&
(Has)#*!!+, a%en!*a !#"&er
HIPOSEKRESI KELENJAR TIROID
.re#n#s* (ana"2, #r!#% %" 'er "e*'an$, %e/
#!%#ne+, *ye%e*a (%easa, #ar!$en#", %#e+
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larger colloid cystsmaller colloid cyst
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Hashimoto$s thyroiditis%nitially leads to ainless
enlargement of the thyroid"
followed by atrohy years later
'ub-acute granulomatous
thyroiditis ()e*uer+ain,s disease
!he foreign body giant cells
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!he most common cause for an enlarged thyroid gland and the most commondisease of the thyroid
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%!he mass is well circumscribed.%ross : felt firm.%!his adenoma is a well- differentiated neolasm because it
closely resemble normal tissue.
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n+asion to the casulencreased in areas of dietary iodine deficiency
Hematogen metastases
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Papillary Carcinoma!he fronds of tissue ha+e thin fibro+ascular cores. !he
fronds ha+e an o+eral aillary attern./ote the small sammoma body in the center. !he cells of the
neolasm ha+e clear nuclei.
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Medullary Carcinoma
!hese neolasms are deri+ed from the thyroid #C# cells and" therefore"
ha+e neuroendocrine features such as secretion of calcitonin
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pituitary gland
The adenohypophysis is at the right (acidophils, basophils, and
chromophobes cells) and the neurohypophysis is at the left
(resembles neural tissue, with glial cells, nerve fibers, nerve
endings, and intra-axonal neurosecretory granules.
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pituitary adenoma
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Adenohypophyseal adenoma
%ndocrine neolasms are
comosed of small round cells
with small round nuclei andink to blue cytolasm.%!he cells may be arranged in
nests or cords and endocrine
tumors also ha+e rominent
+ascularity.
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Parathyroid hyperplasia
%There is little or no adipose tissue, but any or all cell types
normally found in parathyroid are present.
%Note the pink oxyphil cells here.
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Parathyroid adenoma
rim of normal
arathyroid
rim of normal arathyroid tissue admi2ed with adiose tissue
cells is seen comressed to the right and lower edge of theadenoma.
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Parathyroid carcinoma
%The nests of neoplastic cells that are not very pleomorphic.%Note the bands of fibrous tissue between the nests.%arathyroid carcinomas infiltrate surrounding structures in
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Normal adrenal glands
ach adult adrenal gland weighs from to 4 grams.
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An enlarged adrenal
gland
%)emonstrate tan-white
metastatic carcinomainfiltrating in and around the
residual golden yellow corte2%. !he most common rimary
site for adrenal metastases is
lung.
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This is a caseating granuloma of
tuberculosis in the adrenal gland.
%Tuberculosis used to be the
most common cause ofchronic adrenal
insufficiency.
%Now, idiopathic
(presumably autoimmune)!ddison"s disease is much
more often the cause for
chronic adrenal
insufficiency.
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Adrenal adenoma
%#ere is a adrenal adenoma found in a patient with hypertension.%!re typically less than $ cm in si%e and yellow on cut surface.
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Adrenal cortical carcinoma
%&uch neoplasms are usually functional (secreting
corticosteroids or sex steroids).
%They have a poor prognosis.%The larger the neoplasm, the more likely it is malignant, but
the best indicators are invasion and metastasis.
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Pheochromocytoma%Comosed of large cells that
are ink to mau+e and arranged
in nests with caillaries in
between.%5emember 106 when you
think of a heochromocytoma:
%106 are bilateral%106 are in children%106 are malignant.
!his neolasm of the adrenal
medulla contains catecholamines
(einehrine and noreinehrine.