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PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
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PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
Physical development refers to physical changes,rate of growth of different body parts, the functionof the body parts and human features
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STAGES OF A CHILDS
PHYSICAL
DEVELOPMENT
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Early Childhood (2-6years) At this stage, physical growth is slower compared to growth
at the earlier stage
The childs height is twice as compared to during birth and
his body weight may be 4 times more
The bigger muscles would have developed but the fine
muscle would not be developed fully.
Research proven that girl grow faster than boys.
The psychomotor ability will developed in sequence, for
instance children are able to run before they cab using roller
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Implication on the teaching andlearning process in the classroom
Children are very active during this stage
At this stage, growth and development of
every children are different.
Teachers are advised to teach only basicneeds
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Examples of psychomotor activitiesof a child
Age(Years)
Psychomotor Development
2 Going up steps with some help
Holding big objects like balls andmanipulate smaller objects like crayon
3 Throwing the ballRiding a bicycle
4 Jumping and RunningGoing up and down Steps withouthelp
5 Using Roller skates
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Childhood (7-12years) Growth and development rate is stable but will at a
slower pace
The Growth and development is more on the
refinement of the psychomotor skills
The permanent teeth starts to replace the milk teeth
Girl height increases between 8-10 years old and
reaches its peak at 12 years old
The boy they height will increase, between 10-12
years of age and will reach their maximum height at
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Most children become thinner as they grow older
By the time they approach puberty at about 11 years
old, the children seem stronger and more focused on
the activities or task given to them
The fine muscles are more developed, the eyes
coordinate better and the hands are more developed
enabling them to write properly, play musical
instruments or even sewing, knitting and other
outdoor activities.
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Implication on the teaching andlearning process in the classroom
Children can be taught to play musical instruments and
arts
Involve the children in games, swimming, gymnastic so
as to strengthen their muscles, build resistance and
developed better body movement.
Allow opportunities for boys to be involved with games
such as football and appropriate games or sports for girls
like netball.
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Teachers are advised to guide the children when
necessary.
Children will feel satisfied if they are able to do things
on their own
Children developed at different pace, therefore teacher
should avoid comparing them with each other.
Teacher can prepare some activities as children are
active at this stage
Activities must take into account childrens muscle
development, especially the smaller muscles that are
not yet developed
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Early Adolescence (12-15years)
Growth and development rate is rapid as during
infancy
Physical change in height, size and body shapebegins towards adulthood.
Changes in size for girls one or two years before
puberty
After puberty, girls begin to exhibit her feminist
characteristic and hair starts to grow underarm
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For the male adolescence, when they attain
puberty, their voices change. The body built are
stronger and underarm hair and moustache
starts to grow.
The female will attain puberty earlier then the
male but the male development towards puberty
will take a longer period
Muscle growth is more obvious in the male
adolescence therefore they are stronger then the
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Implication on the teaching and
learning process in the classroom
Activities such as seminars and counseling can help the
early adolescence to accept oneself and their body
changes
Prepare exercises to help them build strength and body
resistance
At this stage, they are sensitive to the physical changes,so it is appropriate to develop consciousness in healthy
life and avoid negative activities.
Plan healthy social activities that are interesting
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Reduce opportunities for the girl to be observed by
the boys during physical exercises
Prepare courses and talks on sexual activities and
the reproductive system so as to equip the
adolescence with knowledge of the physiological
changes in them
Sexual behaviour may need early adolescence to
make some choices. Therefore, teacher must allow
them to discuss or ask question so that to help them
make the right choice.
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THE END
THANK
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