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BattelleanditslogosareregisteredtrademarksofBattelleMemorialInstitute.BattelleMemorialInstitute2014.AllRights
Reserved.
Battelledoesnotengageinresearchforadvertising,salespromotion,orendorsementofourclientsinterestsincludingraising
investmentcapitalorrecommendinginvestmentsdecisions,orotherpublicitypurposes,orforanyuseinlitigation.
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becauseoftheresearchand/orexperimentalnatureofthisworktheclientundertakesthesoleresponsibilityforthe
consequenceofanyuseormisuseof,orinabilitytouse,anyinformation,apparatus,processorresultobtainedfromBattelle,
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ReportpreparedforthePharmaceutical
ResearchandManufacturersofAmerica
providedbyBattelleTechnology
PartnershipPractice
January2014
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CONTENTS:
ExecutiveSummary............................................................................................................. i
BiopharmaceuticalIndustryTargetsU.S.STEMEducation
toFuelInnovation,MaintainCompetitiveness.................................................................. 1
U.S.Competitiveness,GlobalLeadershipatRiskDuetoSTEMShortfalls......................... 3
BiopharmaceuticalIndustry,PoweredbyaHighlySkilledSTEMWorkforce................... 11
BiopharmaceuticalCompanies
Nurturing
Next
Generation
of
Skilled
Workers
..............
14
Conclusion:ArrestingSTEMDeclinetoEnsureTomorrowsNewMedicines,Economic
VitalityRequiresaLongTermCommitment.................................................................... 33
Appendix........................................................................................................................... 35
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i
ExecutiveSummary
Continuedscientificandtechnologicalinnovationsarecriticaltofosteringsustainedeconomicgrowth,
globalcompetitiveness,andmostimportantly,helpingpatientslivelonger,healthier,andmore
productivelives.TheU.S.innovativebiopharmaceuticalindustryiscommittedtobuildingonnew
scientificdiscoveriesandtechnologicaladvances,relyingonaworkforcewitheducationandskillsin
science,technology,engineering,andmath(STEM).Aroundtheworld,anincreasingnumberof
countrieshaverecognizedthatarobustSTEMskilledworkforceisneededtofuelcontinuedeconomic
growth.STEMworkershavebeenshowntobekeydriversofinnovationand,thus,contribute
significantlytoeconomicproductivity.
CountrieslikeChinaandSingaporehavedevelopedand
implementedstrategiesspecificallyaimedatgainingacompetitive
edgeinSTEMfields,makingmajorinvestmentsinimprovingthe
stateofSTEMeducationtoincreasethenumberofscientists,
engineers,andotherSTEMgraduatesoverall.Asaresultoftheir
investments,theyhavethehighestratesofscienceandmath
literacyamongOrganizationforEconomicCooperationand
Development(OECD)countrieswhiletheU.S.nowranksamong
thebottomhalf.ThereisincreasingconcernthattheU.S.willlose
itscompetitiveedgeinSTEMtalentwhichwillresultinalossof
innovativecapacity
and
related
economic
contributions
and
eventuallyleadU.S.businessestolooktoothercountriesfor
neededSTEMtalent.
TherelativedeclineinthelevelofachievementandinterestinSTEMfieldsintheU.S.hasresultedinan
inadequatesupplyofworkerswithSTEMskillsandeducation,whilethedemandforSTEMtalenthas
continuedtoincrease.Tofulfillthenationslongtermpotentialforeconomicgrowth,itiscriticalthat
weadvanceandimproveknowledgeinSTEMfieldsandgrowthe21stcenturyworkforceneededbythe
increasinglyknowledgebasedeconomy.STEMjobsfueleconomicgrowthinmanywaysincludingvia
higherwagesandahigheremploymentmultipliermeaningSTEMbasedindustriesgenerallysupporta
greaternumberofadditionaljobsacrosstheeconomycomparedwithotherindustries.
Toharnessthenationsgreatscientificandtechnologicalpotential,government,commercial,
educational,andresearchorganizationsneedtoworktogethertoimprovethestateofSTEMeducation
intheU.S.andtobuildarobustSTEMworkforce.Americasinnovativebiopharmaceuticalcompanies
areamongthoserecognizingtheneedtofindnewwaystoimprovethequalityofSTEMeducation
startingatK12andcontinuingbeyondcollegetheyrecognizethataSTEMworkforceiscriticalinan
increasinglycompetitiveglobaleconomy.Thisreportcataloguesforthefirsttimethemanywaysin
whichthenationsbiopharmaceuticalcompaniesarepartneringwithschools,investinginSTEM
education,andbringingtheirexpertiseandresourcestobeartoimproveSTEMeducationintheU.S.
ournationssuccessdependson
strengtheningAmericasroleas
theworldsengineofdiscovery
andinnovationleadership
tomorrowdependsonhowwe
educateourstudentstoday
especiallyinscience,technology,
engineeringandmath.Weknow
howimportantthisisforour
health.Itsimportantforour
security.Itsimportantforour
environment.Andweknowhow
importantitisforoureconomy.
PresidentBarackObama
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ii
Keyfindingsofthereportinclude:
Innovativebiopharmaceuticalcompaniesandtheircorporatefoundationsaremaking
significantcontributionstoU.S.STEMeducationthroughabroadrangeoflocal,state,and
nationallevelprogramsandinitiativesaimedatelementarythroughpostsecondary
education.Over
the
past
five
years,
the
24
PhRMA
member
companies
voluntarily
reporting
informationfundedmorethan90individualinitiativesfocusedonstudentsand/orteachersin
STEMrelatedfields,themajorityofwhichhavebeenactivewithinthelastyear.
Overthelastfiveyears,PhRMAmembercompanySTEMprogramshaveimpactedover
1.6millionstudentsand17,500teachersacrosstheU.S.Onacurrentannualbasis,about
500,000studentsand8,000teachersparticipateinSTEMeducationprogramssupportedby
PhRMAmembers.
PhRMAmembercompanyprogramsareimpactingstudentsand
teachersacrossthecountry,through14nationallevelprograms
thatrangefromfundingthirdpartySTEMeducationinitiatives,to
supportingscholarshipsinSTEMrelatedfields,tosponsoringSTEM
relatedcompetitionstofosterinterestinSTEMcareers.Additional
STEMactivitiesarebeingsupportedin26states,WashingtonD.C.,
andPuertoRico,withalargerconcentrationofactivitiesinstates
withadeeperindustrypresence.
Intotal,the24PhRMAmembercompaniesandtheirfoundations
respondinghaveinvestedover$100millioninSTEMeducationrelatedinitiativessince2008,
includingawardingnearly600individualSTEMeducationrelatedgrants.In2012alone,these
PhRMAmember
companies
invested
over
$10
million
in
supporting
STEM
education
efforts.
Inadditiontofinancialsupport,PhRMAmembercompaniesarealsomakingsignificant
inkindcontributionsbyleveragingthetalentsofnearly4,500industryemployeevolunteers,
whohavecollectivelyvolunteeredalmost27,000hoursoverthepastfiveyears.Otherinkind
contributionsincludeequipmentdonationsandtheuseofcompanylaboratoryfacilities,
particularlyattheK12levels,atatimewhenpublicschoolbudgetsareshrinking.
Alargemajority(85percent)ofindustrysupportedSTEMeducationprogramsfocusonthe
K12levelsandareaimedatimprovingthepreparationofbothstudentsandteachers.This
suggeststhatPhRMAmembercompaniesarefocusedonsystemicchangesinthewaySTEM
educationistaughtintheU.S.byengagingyoungerstudentsandearlyeducationteachers.
Over30PhRMAmemberprogramsarefocusingonincreasingdiversityinSTEMfieldsby
providingstudentsofallbackgrounds,particularlywomenandminorities,experiencewith
handson,inquirybasedscientificlearningopportunities.
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1
BiopharmaceuticalIndustryTargetsU.S.STEMEducationto
FuelInnovation,MaintainCompetitiveness
TheU.S.knowledgeeconomy,whichfuelsresearchand
development(R&D)intensivesectorssuchasthe
innovativebiopharmaceuticalindustry,isincreasingly
atriskastheU.S.fallsbehindothercountriesin
science,technology,engineering,andmath(STEM)
proficiency
leading
to
current
and
projected
shortages
inhighskilledtalent.
Developingnovel,lifesavingtherapeuticsand
diagnosticsrequiresawelleducated,trained,
experiencedSTEMworkforcefromarangeof
disciplines.Thebiopharmaceuticalindustrydrawsfrom
abroadrangeofSTEMdegreefieldsthatspanall
levels,fromlabtechnicianstomedicalscientistsand
chemists,tomathematicians,statisticians,and
industrialengineers.
TheSTEMtalentpoolhasbeencriticaltotheindustrys
success,and,byextension,toU.S.globalleadership.
TheU.S.haslongbeenrecognizedasthegloballeader
inbiopharmaceuticalR&D,withmorethan3,500drugs
andtherapeuticsindevelopmentorunderU.S.Food
andDrugAdministration(FDA)review.Inthelastten
years,theFDAhasapprovedmorethan300new
medicines,includingthefirstmedicinetotreatthe
underlyingcauseofcysticfibrosis,thefirstvaccineto
preventcervical
cancer,
and
the
first
therapeutic
vaccinetotreatprostatecancer.1TheU.S.
biopharmaceuticalsectorsupportsatotalofnearly
3.4millionjobsacrosstheeconomy,andcontributes
$789billionineconomicoutputwhendirectandindirect
effectsareconsidered.Theseeconomicimpactsare
fueledbytheR&Denterprise,inwhichPhRMAmember
1PharmaceuticalResearchandManufacturersofAmerica,NewDrugApprovalsreports,20032011;U.S.FoodandDrug
Administration,2011BiologicalLicenseApplicationApprovals,2March2012;U.S.FoodandDrugAdministration,NewMolecular
EntityApprovalsfor2011,31January2012.
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2
companiesaloneinvestedanestimated$48.5billionin2012,with
mostoftheseinvestmentsmadeintheU.S.Thissectorservesas
thefoundationuponwhichoneoftheU.S.mostdynamic
innovationandbusinessecosystemsisbuilt.2
GiventheimportanceofSTEMskilledworkerstodriving
continuedbiopharmaceuticalinnovationandtheeconomic
benefitsthataccompanyit,theindustryisdevotingresourcesto
advancingSTEMeducationintheU.S.AsrecentlystatedbyPhil
Blake,theCEOofBayerCorporation,Duetoincreasingglobal
competition,thereisgrowingdemandforaU.S.workforcethatis
flexible,scientificallyliterate,andequippedwiththecritical
thinking,problemsolvingandteamworkingskillsfosteredbya
qualityscienceeducation.Toremaingloballycompetitive,we
mustcommittoimprovingU.S.STEMeducationforall
students,particularlygirlsandunderrepresentedminorities
includingAfricanAmericans,HispanicsandAmericanIndians.
ForBayer,thatisthereasonwecreatedtheMakingScience
MakeSenseprogramandhavebeenactiveineffortsto
improveSTEMoverthepast40years.
Asthisreportdetails,anindustrywideeffortisunderwayto
addressdecliningtrendsinSTEMeducationintheU.S.The
reportexaminesthegrowingSTEMskillsgapintheU.S.
economyandthebiopharmaceuticalsector,discussesthe
importanceof
STEM
jobs
to
the
ability
of
the
U.S.
biopharmaceuticalindustrytobringnewmedicinestopatients,
anddocumentsforthefirsttimeinoneplaceinformationon
thebroadrangeofSTEMeffortsintheU.S.supportedby
PhRMAmembercompaniesandtheircorporatefoundations.
2U.S.FoodandDrugAdministration.FY2012InnovativeDrugApprovals:BringingLifesavingDrugstoPatientsQuicklyand
Efficiently.SilverSpring,MD:FDA,December2012.Availableat
www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/ReportsManualsForms/Reports/ucm276385.htm(accessedFebruary2013).
TheUnitedStateshas
traditionallyproducedtheworlds
topresearch
scientists
and
engineershalformoreof
economicgrowthintheUnited
Statesoverthepastfiftyyearsis
attributabletoimproved
productivityresultingfrom
innovation.
U.S.CongressJointEconomic
CommitteeSTEMEducation:
PreparingfortheJobsoftheFuture
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3
WHATARESTEMJOBS?
STEMoccupationsgenerallyincludemathand
computersciencejobs;architectureand
engineeringoccupations;andlifeandphysical
scientists.Buildingfromrecentresearchand
applyingitsownexperienceinworkforcestudie
acrossthecountry,Battellehasdevelopeda
similarblendeddefinitionoftheprimarySTEM
workforce,which,asshowninthetablebelow,
isestimatedat7.4millionindividualsemployed
in2012.*Thisrepresentsalmostsixpercentof
nationalemployment,withahigherproportion
ofSTEMfieldsfoundinR&Dintensivesectors
includingbiopharmaceuticals,information
technology,andaerospacetonameafew.
*Forafulllistingofthedetailedoccupationsthat
makeupeachgroupseetheAppendix.These
estimatesareconsideredrelativelyconservativeas
theyfocusonthosejobsthattypicallyrequirethe
mostSTEMspecificeducationandtrainingandare
thosewhich
can
be
most
precisely
delineated
in
the
federaloccupationaldata.
U.S.Competitiveness,GlobalLeadershipatRiskDueto
STEMShortfalls
ThenationsSTEMrelatedworkforce,fromscientistsand
engineerstoinformationtechnologyprofessionalsand
mathematicians,driveeconomicgrowthinanumberofways
andarecriticaltosecuringcontinuedgrowthinan
increasinglycompetitiveglobaleconomy.Amongthepositive
attributesofaSTEMworkforce:
Arapidly
growing
source
of
high
quality,
high
wage
jobs:Since2004,STEMoccupationshavegrownby
morethan12percentwhiletotaloccupational
employmenthasincreasedlessthantwopercent.
AveragewagesforSTEMfieldsarealmostdouble
overallaverageswiththeaverageannualwagesfor
aSTEMjobat$82,278versus$45,790in2012.3
Stableemploymentwithlessjoblessness:In2012,
theunemploymentratesforkeySTEMoccupations
werelessthanhalfthenationalaverage.4
Anoutsized
impact
on
the
rest
of
the
economy:
OneSTEMjobcanoftensupportanumberof
additionaljobsthroughemploymentmultiplier
effects.IndustriesthatareSTEMintensivetendto
havemuchhigheremploymentmultipliersandthus
broadereconomicimpacts.5
Table1:U.S.EmploymentinSTEMOccupations,2012
OccupationalGroups 2012Employment
AllOccupations 130,287,700
Computerrelated 3,766,240
Engineers&EngineeringTechnicians 2,222,850
Life&PhysicalSciences 890,890
Architects,Drafters,&Surveyors 386,720
Mathrelated 121,710
TotalSTEMrelatedEmployment 7,388,410
Source:BattelleanalysisofBLS,OESdata,2012.
3BattelleanalysisofSTEMrelatedoccupationalemploymentandwagesfromtheU.S.BureauofLaborStatistics,Occupational
EmploymentStatisticsprogram.ForadetaileddefinitionofSTEMrelatedoccupationsBattelleisusing,seetheAppendix.4BattelleanalysisofU.S.BureauofLaborStatistics,CurrentPopulationSurveydata.
5BattelleanalysisofIMPLANInput/Outputmodels.
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4
CurrentandProjectedSTEMShortfallEvidenceofcurrentandprojectedshortfallsinskilledSTEMtalentintheU.S.underscoresapotential
threattothenationseconomicgrowthasR&Dintensiveindustrieslikethebiopharmaceuticalsectormay
beforcedtoshiftR&Dinvestmentandmanufacturingcapabilitiestoothercountriesthatcanfilltheir
STEMskills
and
education
requirements.
SeveralrecentstudieshighlighttheSTEMjobshortfallsintheU.S.Onerecentsurveyofmanufacturers
revealsthatabout600,000currentU.S.manufacturingjobopeningsremainunfilledduetoalackof
qualifiedcandidatesfortechnicalpositionsrequiringSTEMskills.6AnInformationTechnologyand
InnovationFoundationstudyrankedtheUnitedStatesfourthoutof44industrializedcountriesand
regionsinglobalinnovativebasedcompetitiveness,butsecondtolastinprogresstowardincreasing
innovationbasedcompetitivenessandcapacity,includingastrong
STEMbasedworkforce,since2000.7InasurveyofFortune1000
executives,nearlyall(95percent)areconcernedthattheU.S.isin
danger
of
losing
its
global
leadership
position
because
of
a
shortageofSTEMtalent.8Accordingtoarecentreportbythe
PresidentsCouncilofAdvisorsonScienceandTechnology(PCAST),
theU.S.willneedtoproduceonemillionadditionalSTEM
graduatesoverthenextdecadetomaintainitspositionasthe
worldsleaderinscienceandtechnologyinnovation.9Evidenceof
thisgrowingneedforSTEMworkerscanbeseenintherising
demandfordoctoraldegreesinlifeandphysicalscience
occupations,whichisexpectedtoincreasesignificantlywithPhDs
requiredfornearlyoneinfourscientistjobsby2018.10
DemandforSTEMrelatedtalentandskillshasgrownatarapid
rateinrecentyearswithdoubledigitjobgrowththrough2012,
andforecastsexpectthistrendtocontinue.TheBureauofLabor
StatisticsprojectsstronggrowthforSTEMoccupationsto
continuerelativetoalloccupationsasshowninFigure1.
6ManufacturingInstituteandDeloitte,BoilingPoint?TheSkillsGapinU.S.Manufacturing,2011.
7TheInformationTechnology&InnovationFoundation,TheAtlanticCenturyII:BenchmarkingEU&U.S.Innovationand
Competitiveness,July2011.8BayerCorporation,BayerFactsofScienceEducationSurveyXIII,2008.
9PresidentsCouncilofAdvisorsonScienceandTechnology,EngagetoExcel:ProducingOneMillionAdditionalCollegeGraduates
withDegreesinScience,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics,February2012.10
A.P.Carnevale,HelpWanted:ProjectionsofJobsandEducationRequirementsThrough2018,GeorgetownUniversityCenteron
EducationandtheWorkforce,June2010.
TheSTEMfieldsandthosewho
workinthemarecriticalengines
ofinnovationandgrowth:
accordingto
one
recent
estimate,
whileonlyaboutfivepercentof
theU.S.workforceisemployedin
STEMfields,theSTEMworkforce
accountsformorethanfifty
percentofthenationssustained
economicgrowth.
U.S.Department ofLabor
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5
Figure1:OccupationalEmploymentTrendsandProjectionsforSTEMandAllOccupations
Source:BattelleanalysisofBureauofLaborStatistics,OccupationalEmploymentStatisticsdataandprojections,201020.
U.S.TrailsOtherCountriesonKeySTEMIndicators
ThestateofSTEMeducationintheU.S.reflectsongoinggapsinachievement,particularlywhenlooking
atkey
STEM
indicators
such
as
U.S.
student
performance
on
international
mathematics
and
science
tests,STEMdegreesawardedinU.S.institutionsofhighereducation,andteacherqualityinSTEM
subjects.Further,accordingtorecentbudgetdata,governmentfundingforSTEMeducationhasshown
adeclineoverthelastfewyearswithfederalexpendituresforSTEMprogramsdownsince2010.
AsTable2demonstrates,U.S.studentperformanceexhibitsadownwardtrendthroughtheelementary,
middle,andhighschoollevels.Attheelementaryandmiddleschoollevels,internationalassessments
findtheperformanceofU.S.fourthandeighthgradersranked11thand9thinmath,and7thand10thin
scienceoutofnearly60othercountries,respectivelylaggingbehindRussiaandmuchofAsia.11Of
note,Singaporewasrankednumberoneortwoforscienceandmathamongfourthandeighthgraders.
Accordingto
the
National
Assessment
of
Educational
Progress
(NAEP),
among
U.S.
4th
graders,
only
one
thirdhavedemonstratedbasicproficiencyinscienceandjust39percentinmath.Similarly,by8th
grade,only31percentareconsideredtohavebasicproficiencyorbetterinscienceand34percentin
math.12AsTable2andFigure2indicate,whileU.S.elementaryandmiddleschoolstudentsaregenerally
aboveaverageacrossallcountries,U.S.highschoolstudentsscoreatorbelowtheaverageforother
industrializedcountries.
11HighlightsFromTIMSS2011:MathematicsandScienceAchievementofU.S.Fourth andEighthGradeStudentsinanInternational
Context,NationalCenterforEducationStatistics,December2012.TIMSSdataincludenationalandsubnationaleducationsystems.
Among4thgraders,57countriesorothereducationsystemsparticipatedin2011;among8thgraders56participated.12
NAEPresultsfor4thand12thgradestudentsarefrom2009,thelatestyearavailable;8thgraderesultsarefrom2011.
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
EmploymentIndex(2004=100)
STEM Occupations
All Occupations
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6
Table2:U.S.STEMEducation,StudentAchievementinanInternationalContext
TIMSSAvg.Scores,2011 PISAAvg.Scores,2012
4thGradeSCIENCE
4thGradeMATH
8thGradeSCIENCE
8thGradeMATH
9thGradeSCIENCE
9thGradeMATH
U.S.Ranking
7th
11th
10th
9th
20th(OECD)/
28th(Overall)
27th(OECD)/
36th(Overall)
U.S. 544 541 525 509 497 481
GlobalorOECDAverage* 500 500 500 500 501 494
SelectedRankingsforComparison
Australia 24th 19th 12th 12th 17th(Overall) 19th(Overall)
Canada n/a n/a n/a n/a 11th(Overall) 13th(Overall)
Germany 17th 16th n/a n/a 12th(Overall) 16th(Overall)
Japan 4th 5th 4th 5th 4th(Overall) 7th(Overall)
SouthKorea
1st
2nd
3rd
1st
7th
(Overall)
5th
(Overall)
ShanghaiChina n/a n/a n/a n/a 1st(Overall) 1st(Overall)
Singapore 2nd 1st 1st 2nd 3rd(Overall) 2nd(Overall)
UnitedKingdom 15th 9th 9th 10th 21st(Overall) 26th(Overall)
Source:NationalCenterforEducationalStatistics,TrendsinInternationalMathandScienceStudy(TIMSS);OrganizationforEconomic
CooperationandDevelopment(OECD),ProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment(PISA).
*ForTIMSSfigurerepresentscenterpointamongthenearly60countriesthatparticipatedin2011(57countries/educationsystemsfor
4thgrade;56participantsfor8thgrade).ForPISArepresentsOECDaverage.
n/a=Didnotparticipateornotreportingresults.
Atthehighschoollevel,U.S.studentperformancebeginstolag
wellbehindmostOECDcountries.TheaveragescoresforU.S.
highschoolstudentsarebelowtheOECDaverageinmath
literacy,withU.S.9thgradersranking27thoutof34OECD
nationsand36thoutof65whenOECDpartnercountriesand
regionsareincluded.Inscienceliteracy,theaverageU.S.score
wasaboutaverageamongOECDcountries,ranking20thamong
the34OECDnationsand28thamongall65countriesandregions.
Thedomesticandworld
economiesdependmoreand
moreonscienceand
engineering.Butourprimary
andsecondaryschoolsdonot
seemabletoproduceenough
studentswiththeinterest,
motivation,knowledgeandskills
theywillneedtocompeteand
prosperintheemergingworld.
National
Research
Council
RisingAbovetheGatheringStorm
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7
Figure2.ShanghaiRanksattheTopinMathandScienceAchievementAmong9thGraderswhiletheU.S.RanksAmongtheBottomHalfofOECDCountries,2012
Source:OrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(OECD),ProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment(PISA).
Note:DatapresentedforcountrieswithscoresatorabovetheU.S.ExamplesofsomeadditionalcountriesbelowtheU.S.includeSweden,Israel,
Turkey,andBrazil.
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8
AnotherkeyconcernistheU.S.shareofstudentsearningSTEMdegreesversusothercountries.Inthe
U.S.,fewerthanonethirdofbachelorsdegreesearnedareinscienceandengineeringfieldscompared
withsignificantlyhigherratesinChinaandJapan(seeFigure3).AnanalysisofNationalCenterfor
EducationalStatisticsdatafoundthat43percentoftheSTEMrelateddoctoratedegreesawardedin
2011were
conferred
upon
nonresident
students,
most
of
whom
return
to
their
home
countries,
increasingthosecountriesglobalcompetitiveness.13Additionally,arecentreportfromthe
CongressionalResearchServiceexpressedconcernthattheU.S.isfallingbehindothercountriesinthe
productionofSTEMdegrees,whichhasbeenamplifiedbyscaledifferencesbetweenthesizesofthe
UnitedStatesandChineseandIndianpopulations(i.e.,about300millionintheUnitedStatescompared
toabout1.34billioninChinaand1.22billioninIndia).14
Figure3:ShareofFirstUniversityDegreesinScienceandEngineeringFields,2008
Source:NationalScienceBoard,ScienceandEngineeringIndicators2012.
EUrepresentsanaverageamongEUnationspublishedinthestudyincluding
theUnitedKingdom,Germany,France,Spain,andItaly.
Manybusinessleaders,includingthoseintheU.S.biopharmaceuticalindustry,haveexpressedconcern
thatweaknessesinU.S.STEMskillsandtalenthaveandwillcontinuetocontributetonationalSTEM
workforceshortagesandwillultimatelydiminishU.S.competitivenessandtheU.S.biopharmaceutical
industrysabilitytoinnovateandbringnewmedicinestopatientsinneed.AsnotedbyAmgensCEO
RobertBradway,Iveseenthelivesofpatientstransformedasaresultofnewmedicinesweve
discovered,developedandmanufacturedandIveseentheunrelentingpassionofscientistswhowork
onthose
kinds
of
therapies.
Its
shown
me
how
rewarding
it
can
be
to
pursue
science
as
acareerand
thebroadbasedbenefitsthatscience,technology,engineering,andmath(STEM)disciplinescan
provide.Thedangerwefacetodayisthepossibilitythatfewerpeoplewillenterhighlytechnicalfieldsin
thedecadesahead,atatimewhendemandforindividualswiththesekindsofskillsisontherise.
13EconomicModelingSpecialistsInternational(EMSI)calculationsofNationalCenterforEducationalStatisticsdatacitedinForbes,see:
http://www.forbes.com/sites/emsi/2013/05/28/howforeignborngraduatesimpactthestemworkershortagedebate/.14
Source:CongressionalResearchService,Science,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics(STEM)Education:APrimer,p.15,Aug.2012.
TheUnited
States
currently
ranks20thamongallnationsin
theproportionof24yearolds
whoearndegreesinnatural
scienceorengineering.Oncea
leaderinSTEMeducation,the
UnitedStatesisnowfarbehind
manycountriesonseveral
measures.
CongressionalResearchService
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9
TeacherQualityConcerns
ImprovementstoK12STEMeducationrequireattentiontoboth
sidesoftheequationstudentsandteachers.Asnotedbythe
PresidentsCouncilofAdvisorsonScienceandTechnology,the
mostimportant
factor
in
ensuring
excellence
is
great
STEM
teachers.15Thisstartswitheffectiveteachertrainingprograms,but
asarecentreportbytheNationalCouncilonTeacherQualityfound,
onlyabout10percentofthemorethan1,200teachertraining
programsintheU.S.arehighquality.16
Inadditiontogeneralteachertraining,themosteffectiveSTEM
teachershaveaneducationalbackgroundintheSTEMsubject
theyteach,butaccordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofEducations
SchoolsandStaffingSurvey,manyoftheSTEMdisciplinesare
assignedteachers
that
did
not
major
in
that
field
in
college,
particularlyinthephysicalscienceswherefewerthanhalfof
teachershaveadegreeinearthsciencesorchemistry,themain
subjectstheyteach.17IntheU.S.,nearly30percentofmathteachers
donothaveamathdegreeandoneinfourbiologyteachersdonot
haveadegreeinthelifesciences.
AsnotedinaMcKinsey&Companystudyontheimportanceofteacherselectionandtraining,The
qualityofaschoolsystemrestsonthequalityofitsteachersThetopperformingschoolsystemshave
moreeffectivemechanismsforselectingpeopleforteachertrainingthandothelowerperforming
systems.Theyrecognizethatabadselectiondecisioncanresultinupto40yearsofpoorteaching.18
Thestudyraisesconcernsthatwearerecruitingmoreteachersfromthebottomperformersinhigh
schoolthanweshould,meaningtheprospectsforthequalityoftheeducationsystemseemunlikelyto
improvewithoutaconcertedefforttomakeSTEMfieldsmoreattractiveandimproveSTEMteacher
training.
Incontrast,countrieswithhigherperformingschoolsystemslikethoseofSingaporeandChina,placea
strongemphasisonrecruitmentandtrainingforSTEMteachers.Forexample,inShanghaiand
throughoutChina,anemphasishasbeenplacedonimprovingteachertrainingandstrengthening
credentialsinrecentdecades.19Rigorouseducationandtestingstandardshavebeenputintoplaceto
qualifyteachers.Beyondtheseinitialcredentials,teacherprofessionaldevelopmentiscontinuously
emphasizedand
promoted
with
teachers
observing
each
others
classes,
active
mentoring,
continual
evaluation,regulargroupdiscussionbasedonsubjectmattertosharebestpractices,andjointlesson
planning.InShanghai,teacherscontinuouslydeveloptheircraftandknowledgebasebymeetinga
requirementof360hoursofprofessionaldevelopmenteveryfiveyearsoftheirteachingcareer.
15PresidentsCouncilofAdvisorsonScienceandTechnology,PrepareandInspire:K12EducationinScience,Technology,Engineering,
andMath(STEM)forAmericasFuture,ExecutiveReport,September2010.16
NationalCouncilonTeacherQuality,TeacherPrepReview:AReviewoftheNationsTeacherPreparationPrograms,December2013.17
Source:U.S.DepartmentofEducation,NationalCenterforEducationStatistics,SchoolsandStaffingSurvey(SASS),200708.18
M.Barber&M.Mourshed,HowtheWorldsBestPerformingSchoolSystemsComeOutOnTop,McKinsey&Company,September2007.19
NationalCenteronEducationandtheEconomy,TheCenteronInternationalEducationBenchmarking;ShanghaiChinaprofile.
Amongthosewhoteachmath
andscience,havingamajorinthe
subjecttaughthasasignificant
positiveimpactonstudent
achievement.Unfortunately,
manyU.S.mathandscience
teacherslackthiscredential.
CongressionalResearchService
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10
ToretaingloballeadershipinbiopharmaceuticalR&D,theU.S.cannotaffordtocontinuetolagbehind
othercountriesinbuildingthe21stcenturySTEMworkforceneededtofueltheknowledgeeconomy.
AsnotedbyTheNewYorkTimesEditorialBoard,Americasstatureasaneconomicpowerisbeing
threatenedbysocietiesaboveusandbelowusontheachievementscale.Wealthynationswithhigh
performingschools
are
consolidating
advantages
and
working
hard
to
improve.
At
the
same
time,
less
wealthycountrieslikeChile,Brazil,Indonesia,andPeruhavemadewhattheOECDdescribesas
impressivegainscatchingupfromverylowlevelsofperformance.Inotherwords,ifthingsremainas
theyare,countriesthatlagbehinduswillonedayovertakeus.20
Thenationsbiopharmaceuticalcompanies,likemanyothersectors,recognizetheneedtobeapartof
thesolutionandaredevelopingandsupportingarangeofactivitiesandprogramsaimedatimproving
thestateofSTEMeducationintheU.S.startingwithK12anduptoandincludingenhancingteachers
professionaltrainingtofosterU.S.abilitytocompetewithothernations.
20NewYorkTimesEditorialBoard,WhyOtherCountriesTeachBetter,TheNewYorkTimes,Dec.17,2013.
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BiopharmaceuticalIndustry,Powered
byaHighlySkilledSTEMWorkforce
TheU.S.biopharmaceuticalsectorsabilitytodevelopnew
medicinesiscriticallytiedtoitsbaseofhighskilledtalent.Its
workforcespansabroadspectrumofoccupationsatthecore
ofU.S.innovationSTEMrelatedoccupationscanbefound
ateverystageoftheR&Dandmanufacturingprocess.Lifeand
physicalscientistsrepresentjustoneofthecriticalcomponentsof
thebiopharmaceuticalworkforce,accountingfornearlytwoout
ofevery
three
STEM
jobs
within
the
biopharmaceutical
manufacturingsegmentalone.
Thegraphiconthenextpageillustratesthebroadrangeof
STEMjobsinvolvedinresearching,developing,and
manufacturingnewmedicinesforourmostchallengingand
costlydiseases.
STEMrelatedoccupationsmakeupahighshareofthebiophar
maceuticalmanufacturingcomponentofthebroaderindustry
nearly
30
percent
of
industry
jobs
fall
into
these
primary
STEM
groupsaccordingtoavailablefederaldata.21Theconcentration
oftheseSTEMjobsisfivetimesthatseenacrosstheentire
economy.Nearlytwothirdsoftheseindividualsareworking
inbiopharmaceuticalmanufacturingaschemists,medical
scientists,biologicalandchemicaltechnicians,science
managers,biochemists,microbiologists,andotherhighlytrained
scientificoccupations.ThehigherconcentrationofSTEM
occupationsinthebiopharmaceuticalindustryspeakstothe
industrysvestedinterestinensuringthenextgenerationof
highskilled
workers.
i.PresidentsCouncilofAdvisorsonScienceandTechnology,ReporttothePresident
onEnsuringAmericanLeadershipinAdvancedManufacturing,Juneii11,p.ii,cited
inANationalStrategicPlanForAdvancedManufacturing,ExecutiveOfficeofthe
President,NationalScienceandTechnologyCouncil,Feb.2012.
ii.PhRMAanalysisofdatafromUnitedStatesInternationalTradeAdministration,
TradeStatsExpress:NationalExportData.
iii.PharmaceuticalResearchandManufacturersofAmerica,NewDrugApprovals
reports,20032011.
21BattelleanalysisofU.S.BureauofLaborStatistics,Occupational
EmploymentStatisticsdatabyindustry.
ADVANCEDMANUFACTURINGINTHE
BIOPHARMACEATICALINDUSTRY
AbroadrangeofSTEMexpertiseisrequiredto
supportadvancedmanufacturingperformedby
thebiopharmaceuticalindustry.Theactivities
(a)dependontheuseandcoordinationof
information,automation,computation,
software,sensing,
and
networking,
and/or
(b)makeuseofcuttingedgematerialsand
emergingcapabilitiesenabledbythephysical
andbiologicalsciences,forexamplenanotech
nology,chemistry,andbiology.Itinvolvesboth
newwaystomanufactureexistingproducts,an
themanufactureofnewproductsemerging
fromnewadvancedtechnologies.i
Advancedmanufacturingisanimportantsourceo
ExportsBiopharmaceuticalexportshave
increasedmore
than
300
percent
over
the
fifteenyearperiodbetween1998and
2012.ii
NewmedicalinnovationsMorethan300
medicineshavebeenapprovedintheU.S.
overthepastdecade.iii
Economicsustainabilityandgrowth
AccordingtotheNationalScience
Foundation,Themanufacturingsector
accountsforabout72percentofallprivate
sectorR&D
spending
and
employs
about
60percentofU.S.industrysR&D
workforce.Asaresult,themanufacturing
sectordevelopsandproducesmanyofthe
technologiesthatadvancethe
competitivenessandgrowthoftheentire
economy,includingthemuchlargerservice
sector.Technologybasedimprovementsto
productivitymadepossiblebythe
manufacturingsectorconsistentlygenerate
jobgrowthovertimeacrosstheeconomy.
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Figure4:STEMrelatedJobsAcrosstheDrugDevelopmentProcess
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Pg2 [INSERT2pagespreadillustratingthedifferentjobs]
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BiopharmaceuticalCompaniesNurturingtheNextGeneration
ofSkilledWorkers
Companiesandentireindustriesaretakingactionto
improveSTEMeducationintheU.S.againstabackdrop
ofstakeholdersadvocatingforvariousreformsofthe
U.S.educationalsystem.
BattelleconductedasurveyofPhRMAmember
biopharmaceuticalcompaniesregardingtheirsupport
forSTEM
education
related
programs
and
initiatives
in
theU.S.TheresultsindicatethatPhRMAmembersare
proactivelyengaged,notonlyincreativeapproaches
toimprovingfundamentalscienceeducation,butalso
inreformingthewayinwhichSTEMsubjectsare
taughtandlearned.Thisisthefirsttimeastudyhas
tracked,indetail,thecontributionsoftheinnovative
biopharmaceuticalindustrytoU.S.STEMeducation.
BattellesurveyedPhRMAmembercompaniesand
their
foundations
in
March
2013.
Twenty
four
PhRMAmembercompaniescompletedthesurvey
andreportedthattheyortheirfoundationssupport
atleastoneSTEMrelatededucationprogram.
Inthissectionofthereportwedescribe:
Keyfindingsonoverallinnovativebiopharmaceutical
industryeffortsinsupportofU.S.STEMeducation
GeographicdistributionofSTEMeducationactivities
Agegroupsandeducationallevelstargeted
Typesand
examples
of
STEM
activities
supported.
WHATMOTIVATESBIOPHARMACEUTICAL
COMPANIESTOSUPPORT
STEMEDUCATIONINITIATIVES?
BiogenIdecandtheBiogenIdec
Foundationarecommittedtoactively
supportinganddrivingeducationalSTEM
opportunitiesandenhancements inan
efforttocreatethenextgenerationof
scientists.Ourhope,istofostera
passionandloveforsciencefor
childrensparkingacuriosity
and
love
ofproblemsolvingwhilesupporting
theSTEMcareerspipeline.Asa
biotechnologycompanyfocusedon
caringforothers,wefeelatremendous
responsibilitytohelpclosetheSTEM
educationachievementgap,embrace
diversityandinclusioninSTEMcareers
andsupportthosewhoaredevelopingor
runningsuchprograms.
BiogenIdec
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KeyFindingsSelectfindingsfromcompaniesrespondingtoasurveyoftheir
STEMeducationactivities:22
Annually,innovativebiopharmaceuticalcompaniesare
initiating,supporting,and/orfundingSTEMeducation
programswithmorethan500,000studentparticipants
andnearly8,000teachers.
14nationallevelprogramsarebeingsupportedwith
additionalSTEMactivitiessupportedin26states,
D.C.,andPuertoRico.
85percentofSTEMrelatedprogramssupportedby
theindustryfocusongradesK12,andareaimedat
improvingpreparationandachievementamongboth
studentsand
teachers.
Duringthelastfiveyears,24PhRMAmembercompaniesand
theirfoundationshave:
Investedover$100millioninSTEMeducationrelatedinitiatives;
Awardednearly600individualSTEMeducationrelatedgrants;
Leveragedtheskillsandtalentsofnearly4,500industryemployeesasvolunteers
inSTEMprogramsandinitiatives;
Volunteeredalmost27,000hours;
Supportedorservedmorethan17,500STEMteachers;
Impactedmorethan1.6millionstudentsinSTEMrelatededucationprogramssponsored
orsupportedbytheindustryatallgradeandeducationallevels;and
Supportedorfundedmorethan90individualinitiativestargetingstudentsand/orteachersat
alllevelsinSTEMrelatedfields,themajorityofwhichhavebeenactivewithinthelastyear.
Someofthemostsizableprogramsarethosethattargetanationalstudentorteacherpopulationin
supportofthirdpartySTEMrelatedinitiativessuchasTeachforAmerica,orsponsorshipforthe
NationalScienceandEngineeringFestivalorregionalornationalsciencefairsorroboticscompetitions.
Otherlargeprogramsarestatewideeffortsto,forexample,developorpromoteastatescienceinitiative
orimpactcurriculumdevelopment.
22Keyfindingsfromthesurveyrepresentwhatcompaniesareabletoreportbasedonvariousdegreesoftrackingparticipationinand
supportforSTEMeducationrelatedprograms.Asmanycompaniesdonotsystematicallygatherandreportthisinformation,these
figureslikelyundercountoverallsupport.
WHATMOTIVATESBIOPHARMACEUTICAL
COMPANIESTOSUPPORT
STEMEDUCATION
INITIATIVES?
Scienceisattheheartofeverything
Bayerdoes.Itsthethreadthatruns
throughandconnectsBayer
HealthCare,BayerCropScienceand
BayerMaterialScience.Notonlyis
scientificliteracyandahighlytrained
STEM(science,technology,engineering
andmathematics)workforceessential
toBayersthreebusinesses,itiscritical
toAmericasfutureeconomicstrength
andsuccess.
BayerCorporation
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16
GeographicCoverageofSTEMActivitiesBiopharmaceuticalcompaniesaresupportingSTEMeducationprogramsandinitiativesthatoperate
coasttocoastandvaryintheirgeographicfocusfromlocal,regional,andnationallevels.Theindustryis
supportingprogramsin26states,D.C.,andPuertoRicowithlargerconcentrationsinstateswitha
deeperindustry
presence
(see
map
in
Figure
5).
Fourteen
programs
are
considered
national
in
scope
andpotentiallyimpacteverystate.
Figure5:GeographicCoverageofU.S.STEMEducationProgramsSupportedbytheBiopharmaceuticalIndustry
BiopharmaceuticalcompaniesareinvestinginSTEMeducationwithintheirowncommunities.Thirty
twoprogramsaresupportedbycompaniesortheirfoundationswithaprimaryfocusatthelocallevel
(city,county,orlocalregion).NearlyallofthesearedesignedtoimpactSTEMstudentsoreducatorsin
thelocalareasandoftenschooldistrictsadjacenttocorporateoperations.
ThemultiplegeographiclevelsinwhichcompaniesandtheirfoundationsaresupportingSTEMrelated
educationprogramsformaneffective,layeredapproachtoimprovingeducationbytakingonlocal,
state,andnationalchallengesineducation.
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FinancialandInKindSupportforSTEMEducationPrograms
SupportforSTEMeducationisprovidedinseveraldifferentways.Whileallbiopharmaceutical
companiesdonothavecorporatefoundations,manydoandoftenusethefoundationastheumbrella
underwhichtheylaunchinitiatives,providedirectfundingorinkindresources,orcontributeinother
capacities.The
survey
finds
companies
generally
use
ablend
of
approaches
across
the
programs
and
initiativestheysponsor.Justoverhalfofcompanies(55percent)providedirectsupportthroughthe
companyitself,24percentsupportSTEMactivitiesthroughtheircorporatefoundation,and21percent
useablendedapproach.
BiopharmaceuticalcompaniesandfoundationsthataresupportingSTEMeducationprogramsdosoinmany
ways,oftenthroughfinancialdonationsorgrantfunding,manytimesbydonatingequipmentorfacilitiesto
use,employeesvolunteeringtheirtimeandexpertiseforservice,orotherinkindcontributions.
Amongthe24companiesresponding,threefourthsofcompanysupportedSTEMinitiativesreceive
financialsupportwhichtotaled$10.3millionin2012.23Inthesurvey,companiesprovidingfinancial
supportwereaskedwhethertheyweretheprimaryfunderofthisprogram(providingmorethan
50percentofallfunding)orinsteadamoregeneralsupporterofabroaderprogrameffort.Biopharma
ceuticalcompaniesareprimaryfundersofnearly30percentofallSTEMeducationprogramsreceiving
anyfinancialsupport.Thisshareindicatestheimportantandcrucialroleofthesefinancialcontributions
insupportingnumerousSTEMeducationinitiativesandtheextenttowhichbiopharmaceutical
companiesaredesigningnewprogramstofullyfundoraretheprimarysupporterofexistingprograms.
Duringthelastfiveyears,amongthe
biopharmaceuticalcompaniessurveyed,
$100millionhasbeeninvestedinSTEMeducation
programsand
initiatives
across
the
U.S.
Some
of
thelargestinitiativesfromafinancialfunding
perspectivetendtobemultistateornationalin
theircoveragethoughtheyspananarrayof
programdesigns.Theseinitiativesrangefrom
companyinitiatedanddevelopednational
initiativestoimpactSTEMteachingandlearning,to
multistateprogramsaimedatexposingstudents
andteacherstorealworldlabexperiences,to
strengtheningpartnershipswiththirdpartySTEM
educationinitiatives.
Support
for
STEM
education
programsalsoinvolvesinkindcontributionsnonfinancialresourcescanincludeemployeevolunteers,
equipmentdonationorusepermission,andalloweduseoffacilities.Inanadvancedtechnologyindustry
suchasthebiopharmaceuticalsector,theseresourcesareextremelyvaluableastheexpertiseof
scientistsandspecializedinstruments,labequipment,andfacilitiesarehardtoaffordoraccessinmost
educationalsettings,particularlyintheK12levels.
23Numerouscompaniesthatreportprovidingfinancialsupportfortheirsponsoredprogram(s)wereunabletoreportanannualfigure
forcalendaryear2012.The2012contributionfigure,therefore,islikelyundercountingoverallsupport.
WHATMOTIVATESBIOPHARMACEUTICALCOMPANIES
TOSUPPORTSTEMEDUCATIONINITIATIVES?
Ourability
to
translate
science
into
new
hope
for
patientsaroundtheworldhingesontheabilityto
preparethenextgenerationofleadersinlife
sciencesfields.Excellenceinotherfieldssuchas
technologyandengineeringareneededtoensure
globalcompetitivenessanddriveinnovation.
Becauseofthis,CubistPharmaceuticals
philanthropiceffortsarefocusedonsupporting
organizationswithprogramsinscience,technology,
engineering,andmathematics(STEM).
CubistPharmaceuticals
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Companiescontributeinkindinmultiplewaysacrossindividualeducationprogramsbutthemost
common,byfar,isthroughemployeevolunteers.Amongthecompaniesandfoundationsrespondingto
thesurveyreportinginkindcontributions,theycontributesupportthrough:
Employeevolunteers(32programs;59percentofallinkindactivity)
Donationoralloweduseoflaborotherequipment(10programs;19percent
ofallinkindactivity)
Alloweduseordonationoffacilities(5programs;9percentofall
inkindactivity)
Supportinothercapacities,includingtechnicalandcommunicationssupport
(7programs;13percentofallinkindactivity)
Manycompanieswereunabletoquantifytheirinkindsupportsuggestingthatthese
figuresmayunderestimatethefullrangeofsupportprovided.Availabledataareprovided
inthefigurebelow.
Figure6:InkindContributionsandSupporttoU.S.STEMEducationPrograms
LevelofEducationandAgeGroupsSupported
ThesectorisworkingtoimproveandenhancetheSTEMtalentpipelinebytargetingallagegroupsand
educationlevelsacrossmorethan90individualprogramsorinitiatives(seeFigure7).Thevastmajority
(85percent)ofSTEMrelatedprogramssupportedbytheindustry,however,aretargetedatimproving
STEMeducationandopportunitiesamongstudentsingradesK12witharemarkablyevendistribution
acrosselementary,middle,andhighschoolgrades.Companiesareemphasizingthevalueinsupporting
STEMrelatedprogramsatyoungeragegroupstoinstillapassionforthesefieldsatanearlyage,which
hasbeenshowntoleadtocontinuedacademicinterestandcareerpursuitsasstudentsage.
Figure7:SupportforAllLevelsoftheSTEMEducationTalentPipeline
Note:Manyprogramsspanmultiplegradelevels.K12detailwillnotsumto85%duetosomesurveyresponsesreportingage
groupsthatspanK12gradelevels,andothersthatdontspecifywhichK12group.Programsbygradelevelincludeboththose
focusedonstudentsaswellasteachers.
ANNUALLY: 700employee
volunteers
8,648employeehours
volunteered
CUMULATIVE,last5years: 4,463employeevolunteers 26,770employeehoursvolunteered
OTHERcontributions: Labequipment
CommunicationsandPublic
Relationsassistance
Strategic
assistance
Elementary Middle High Associates 4-Year GraduateSchool School School Degrees College or Degrees(K6) (78) (912) University
22% 27% 32% 3% 8% 4%
K1285%
PostSecondary
15%
Wecantwaituntilkids
areinhighschooltodothis.
Wemuststartearlier,and
thathasguidedmuchof
ourthinkingonSTEM
relatedprogramming.
JohnLechleiter,PhD,CEO,
EliLillyandCompany
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19
TypesofSTEMActivitiesSupported
CompaniesaresupportingSTEMprogramsdesignedto
improveachievementandoutcomesforstudentsas
wellasforeducators.Asshownbelow,57percentof
industrysupported
programs
are
student
focused
while
otherstargetbothstudentsand/orteachers.Amongthe
93programsorinitiativesreportedbycompanies
respondingtothesurvey,morethan70percentwere
classifiedintothesevencategoriesshowninthepie
chartandarebrieflydescribedbelow.
Figure8:FocusofIndustrysupportedSTEMEducationPrograms
Figure9:DistributionofSTEMEducationProgramsSupported
Supportingthirdpartyefforts:Theactivitiesmostwidelysupportedbythebiopharmaceutical
companiessurveyedarethosethatsustainanexistingthirdpartystudentorteacherfocused
initiativesuchasTakedaPharmaceuticalCompanyssupportforscienceteachereducation
programsthroughitsgrantstotheChicagoMuseumofScienceandIndustrysCenterforthe
AdvancementofScienceEducation.In2012,TakedaPharmaceuticalCompanycommitted
fundingtoChicagosMuseumofScienceandIndustrytosupportscienceteachereducation
programsinChicagolandshighneedareas.TheCenterfortheAdvancementofScience
57%Studentfocused
22%Student&
Teacherfocused
12%Teacherfocused
9%Otherfocus
15%
14%
13%
10%7%
8%
5%
28%
Thirdpartyrelated initiativesforstudents
orteachers
Scholarships forstudentsorteachers
SciencefairsorSTEMrelatedcompetitions
Summerresearch experience or
academicallyoriented campsforstudents
orteachers
Teacher workshopsorotherprofessional
development
Classroomvisitstoschoolsforlearning
opportunities, careerawareness, etc.
STEMfocused schools
OtherSTEM
activities
TypesofSTEMactivitiessupported:
[Thereisa]greatneedtotapthepotentialofthe
entireSTEMtalentpool,andtheimportanceof
doingsoateverypointonthedevelopment
continuumbeginning
in
elementary
school
with
highquality,handson,inquirybasedscience
education,onthroughcollegewhereSTEMtalentis
refinedandrecruited,andthenintotheworkplace
whereitmustbefurthernurturedandencouraged.
Dr.AttilaMolnar,FormerCEOofBayerCorporation
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Education(CASE)programaimstoinspirethenextgenerationofinventorsandinnovatorswith
programsthatempowerteachers,engagethecommunityandexcitestudents.
Supportingscholarshipsforstudentsorteachers:Manycompaniesalsoprovidescholarships
forstudentsorteacherstopursueeducationinaSTEMrelatedfield.Asjusttwoexamples,the
EisaiUSA
Foundation
funds
$10,000
scholarships
to
worthy
students
at
the
University
of
the
SciencesinPhiladelphiaandNovoNordisksupportsscholarshipsforcollegestudentswhointend
topursuecareersindiabetes orhemophiliarelatedfields.TheCubistScienceEducation
LeadershipAwardhonorsinnovativescienceteachersinmiddleandhighschoolsthroughout
NewEnglandandpartnerswiththeNewEnglandPatriotsRadioNetworktorecognizea
TeacheroftheWeek.Atseasonsend,oneoftheseteachersisgivenanawardbyCubist
Pharmaceuticalswhichincludes$5,000fortheschoolssciencedepartment.
Sponsoringorhostingsciencefairsortechnologycompetitions:Numerouscompaniesare
fundingstateorregionalsciencefairsorroboticscompetitionssuchasFIRSTRobotics.Celgene
Corporation,forexample,hasbeenamultiyearsponsorandparticipantintheannualU.S.
Scienceand
Engineering
Festival
in
Washington,
DC.
The
company
provides
financial
support
for
theeventandanexhibit.SanofiPasteursupportsboththeBioGENEiusChallenge,apremier
nationalandinternationalcompetitionandrecognitionforhighschoolstudentsconducting
researchinbiotechnologyaswellasteamscompetinginFIRSTRobotics.
Supportingsummerresearchopportunitiesoracademicsummercamps:Summerresearch
opportunitiesarealsowidelysupportedwithoneintenprogramsprovidinghandson,inquiry
basedscientificresearchcurriculumatallgradelevels(seetextboxonGlaxoSmithKlines
ScienceintheSummerprogramonpage24).Novartisprovidessupporttoanintensivesummer
enrichmentprogramforGovernorsSchoolscholarsinNewJerseyhighachievinghighschool
studentsselectedfortheprogramenteringtheirsenioryear.ThescholarsliveatDrew
Universityduring
the
summer
and
present
their
scientific
research
findings
at
aconference
at
theuniversity.
Withintheothercategory:Severalprogramsaredesignedforchildrenand/orfamiliesto
introducethehandsonandfunnatureofscience.AbbVie(formerlyAbbottLaboratories),for
example,sponsorsafamilyscienceprogramfor3rdand4thgraderswithhandsonoutofschool
activities.
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21
Emphasisonexperimentallearning.PhRMAmembercompaniesareincreasinglyemphasizingand
encouragingnewapproachestoscienceeducationandcompanyscientistsarechannelingthose
experiencesthatattractedthemtoscienceasanexcitingeducationandcareerpath.Thesenew
approachesgenerallyemphasizethefollowingkeyelements:
EngagingstudentsandteachersinSTEMareasandtopicsthroughhandsonexperimentation
focusedonrealworldinquiry;and
Usingrealworldscientifictools,equipment,andcurriculatoconnectwithandeducatestudents
andteachersinhighlyrelevantlabexperiences.
Teachersof8thgradestudentstakingtheNAEPscienceassessmentin2011wereaskedhowoftentheir
sciencestudentsdidhandsonactivitiesorinvestigationsinscience.Inthe2011assessment,students
ofteachersreportingthegreatestfrequencyofhandsonactivitiesandprojectseverydayoralmost
everydayscoredhigherthanthosestudentswhoseteachersreportlessfrequency.24Just16percent
of8thgradersareengagedindailyhandsonlearninginsciencewhileamajority(56percent)perform
handson
work
once
or
twice
aweek.
Amgen,headquarteredinThousandOaks,California,isacorporateleaderindevelopingandsupporting
creativeSTEMeducationprogramsthroughtheworkofitsFoundation.Thesenotableeffortsinclude
theAmgenBiotechExperiencewhichbeganmorethan20yearsagoandincorporatesthesehandson
programcharacteristicswithaprovenapproachtointroducingindustryrelevantlabexperiencesto
morethan50,000studentsand500scienceteachersannually.
BeyondtheK12level,handsonexperientialprogramdesignalsoremainscriticaltolearningindemand
regulatoryscienceandknowledge.ThroughitspartnershipwithRutgersUniversity,Sunovion
Pharmaceuticals
has
developed
the
Pharmaceutical
Industry
Fellowship
Program
which
includes
a
unique2yearRegulatoryAffairsFellowship.Fromtheprogrammaterials:
Duetotheevolvingrequirementsfromhealthauthorities,thereisanincreasingneedfor
trainedregulatoryprofessionalstoensurecompliancewithglobalregulationsandguidance
inthedevelopment,marketingandmanufactureofproducts.Thistwoyear,postdoctoral
fellowshipwillhelptofulfillthatneedbyprovidingwellstructured,specialized,handson,
indepthexperiencesinacorporateenvironmentthatwilldevelopthecompetenciesneeded
tomeettheemergingchallengesinregulatoryaffairs.
24TheNationsReportCard,Science2011,NationalAssessmentofEducationalProgressatGrade8,NationalCenterforEducation
Statistics,InstituteofEducationSciences,U.S.Dept.ofEducation,page10.
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Scientific Discovery for the Classroom
The Amgen Biotech Experience
TheAmgenFoundationhassupportedhandsoneducational
outreachto
middle
and
high
school
and
college
students
and
teachersformorethan20yearsthroughitspioneeringBiotech
Experienceprogram.FormerlyknownastheAmgenBruceWallace
BiotechnologyLabProgram,thisprogramprovideslabandother
equipmentandcurriculaassistancetointroducerealworldlab
experiencesinordertoadvancescienceliteracyandtogenerate
interestinscienceasanacademicandpotentialcareerpursuit.
Studentsandteachersengageinindustryrelevantmolecularbiologycurricula,tools,andtechniquesusedin
therapeuticdiscoveryincludingrecombinantDNAtechniques,thepolymerasechainreaction(PCR),andkey
moleculartracerssuchasredfluorescentprotein.Atthesametime,studentsdevelopscienceliteracy,experience
working
in
a
lab
setting,
and
gain
valuable
insights
intopotentialcollegeandcareerpathsinlifescience
fields.Teachersgainprofessionaldevelopmentin
current,advancedscienceandaframeworkandlab
equipmentforbringingtheseapplicationsintothe
classroom.Theareasemphasizedreflectaspectsof
theR&DprocessforwhichfundamentalSTEM
knowledgeandskillsareneeded.
Morethan50,000studentsandhundredsof
teachersparticipateannuallyacrossfivestates,
PuertoRico,andtheUnitedKingdom.Sinceits
inception,morethan250,000studentshave
participatedintheAmgenBiotechExperience.Independentevaluatorshavefoundsignificantgainsamong
participatingstudentsinallareasrelatingtoscienceincludingattitude,interest,confidence,knowledge,and
interestinpursuingacareer.
TheAmgenFoundationhasprovidedmorethan$3millioninfundingforthelabprogramtowardmaterialsand
curriculadevelopment,supplies,andteacherprofessionaldevelopment.
BeyondtheAmgenBiotechExperience,theAmgenFoundationisactivelysupportinganumberofsubstantial
regionalandnationalSTEMeducationprogramsservingbothstudentsandteachers.
For
more
information
on
the
Amgen
Biotech
Experience
(formerlyknownastheAmgenBruceWallaceLabProgram)
visitwww.amgenbiotechexperience.com.
WeadvanceSTEMeducationinanumberof
ways,withthedualgoalofinspiringmore
studentstogoontoscientificcareersand
focusingonscientificliteracy.Thereisadearth
ofAmericansgoingintoscientificfields.Weare
hopingtogetmoreexcitedaboutscience.
ScottHeimlich,EdD,SeniorProgramOfficer,
AmgenFoundation
Photos courtesyofAmgen
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A Statewide Approach to Reforming K-8 Science Education
EliLillyandCompanyFoundationsSupportfortheIndianaScienceInitiative
TheLillyFoundationhaspartneredwithBioCrossroadsandtheIndiana
Departmentof
Education
to
fund
and
develop
amajor
new
initiative
in
scienceeducationunderaprogramdevelopedbyISTEM,theIndiana
ScienceInitiative(ISI).TheISIisdesignedtoimplementasetofinquiry
based,handsonsciencecurriculuminK8schoolsstatewide.TheInitiative
includesprofessionaldevelopmentforprincipalsandteachersandprovides
kitstailoredtospecificgradelevels.
SciencekitsandexperimentsintheISIarebasedaroundlearningmodules
thatinthelifesciencesrangefromunitsonLivingThings,LifeCycles,and
PlantGrowthforgrades13toEcology,CellBiology,Bioengineering,and
Geneticsforupperelementaryandmiddleschoolstudents.Additionalexperientiallearningissupportedinthe
earth,
space,
and
physical
sciences
as
well.
Theexperiential,handsonnatureoftheISIisdesignedtoencourageandfosterintellectualcuriosityamong
studentsinSTEMfields.Currently,theInitiativesupportsandtrains2,000Indianateachersandreachesmorethan
50,000studentsannually.
TheLillyFoundationhassupportedtheISIbydonating$1.5millioninseedfundingaswellasprovidingextensive
strategicdirectiontodeveloptheInitiative.
FormoreinformationontheIndianaScience
Initiativevisitwww.indianascience.org/.Alladults,especiallyteachers,parents,andmentors
mustfosterexcitementinyoungchildrenaboutthe
wondersofscience.Allkidsarenaturallycurious,andwe
shouldencouragethemtoexploreandaskbigquestions.
Nooneshouldbeexcluded.Minorities,girls,kidsofall
backgrounds,canlearnandexcelinmathandscience,
andwemustidentifyandeliminatebarriersthat
discouragethemfromstudyingthesewondroussubjects.
JohnLechleiter,PhD,CEO,EliLillyandCompany
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Helping Children Grow Into Science
GlaxoSmithKlines Science in the Summer
In1986,GlaxoSmithKlinedevelopedtheScienceintheSummerprogram,whichprovidesfreeclassesandhandson
experimentsat
local
libraries
and
other
community
venues
to
help
foster
interest
in
the
sciences
among
elementaryschoolchildren.Theprogramhasservedmorethan100,000studentsintheGreaterPhiladelphia
region.Theprogramhasexpandedtoanumberofothercommunitiesincludingthoselistedbelow.Eachincludes
itsownspecializedsciencesessionsbasedonpartnershipsinthecommunities:
PhiladelphiaGenetics(BucksCounty);
Chemistry(ChesterCounty);
PhysicalScienceandElectricity
(DelawareCounty);
SimpleMachines(MontgomeryCounty);
Oceanography(PhiladelphiaCounty)
Pittsburgh
Bioscience
(Living
things)
WashingtonD.C./BaltimoreChemistry
NorthCarolinaGenetics
Examplesoftopicsandcurriculumforthe
specializedsessionsinclude:
BioscienceStudentswillhavetheopportunitytoexploretheworldoflivingthingsbyexaminingplant
andanimalcellswithmicroscopes,dissectingflowers,andlearningabouttherolebacteriaplayinnature.
PhysicalScience&ElectricityStudentswillfindanswerstoquestionssuchas:Howdomagnetswork?
Whatisamagneticfield?andWhatmakeselectricity?
GeneticsStudentswillbeintroducedtoandlearnaboutgenes,DNA,basiccellstructure,andtraits.The
studentswilluseactivitiestoidentifycellstructures,learnwhereDNAresidesinacell,learnaboutwhat
genetictraitsareandhowtheyareinheritedfromonesparents,andexploreadaptationsthatplantsand
animalshavemadetohelpthemsurviveintheirgivenhabitats.
Anestimated9,000studentswillhavegainedabetterunderstandingandappreciationofthesciencesthroughthis
programin2013.
TheprogramissolelysponsoredbyGlaxoSmithKlinebutleveragespartnershipswithleadingregionalscientific
organizationsincludingCarnegieMelloninPittsburgh;TheFranklinInstituteinPhiladelphia;Morehead
PlanetariumandScienceCenterintheResearchTriangle,NCregion;andtheAmericanAssociationforthe
Advancementof
Science
in
the
Washington,
DC
metro
area.
FormoreinformationonGlaxoSmithKlinesScienceintheSummerprogramvisit
http://www.scienceinthesummer.com/.
Photos courtesyofGlaxoSmithKline
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ProfessionalDevelopmentforTeachers:Teacherprofessionaldevelopmentiscriticaltomaintaining
andimprovingteacherqualitybyensuringeducatorsstayuptodateonthelatestadvancesinscience,
aneverchangingfield,anditsapplicationsintechnologyandR&Dintensiveindustrieswherediscovery
andcommercializationmeet.Examplesinclude:
BayerCorporationsBayerUSAFoundationprovidesanannualgranttotheNationalScience
TeachersAssociation(NSTA)foraBayerNSTAFellowsprogramandtoexpandtheNSTANew
ScienceTeacherAcademy.TheNSTAisamembershiporganizationdedicatedtopromoting
excellenceandinnovationinscienceteachingandlearning.Its60,000membersincludescience
teachers,administrators,scientists,industryandbusinessrepresentatives,andothers
committedtoscienceeducation.TheBayerNSTAFellowsProgramsupports10selectedearly
careermiddleandhighschoolscienceteachersannuallywithanarrayofprofessional
developmentresourcesandtoolsovera3yearperiod.TheNSTANewScienceTeacherAcademy
isayearlongprofessionaldevelopmentprogramtohelpreducethehighattritionrateamong
scienceteacherswhoarenewtotheprofession.
BristolMyersSquibbhasestablishedthreeCentersforScienceTeachingandLearning,facilities
dedicatedtoteachingandlearningbyinquiry.TheCenters,locatedatRiderandMontclairState
UniversitiesinNewJerseyandatQuinnipiacUniversityinConnecticut,focusonprofessional
developmentforK12scienceteachersandprospectiveteachers,amongotherthings.In
additiontosupportforcurrentteachingprofessionals,theCentersfocusonpreservice
teachingstudentswithcoursesdesignedtoreplicatetheinquirybasedapproachestheywill
ultimatelybeteaching.TheCentersaredevelopinganewmodelforteacherprofessional
developmentandgaugingitsefficacy.
BiogenIdechassponsoredTeachforAmerica(TFA)STEMteachersinBostonandinRaleigh
Durham.
Teach
for
America
recruits
talented
teaching
professionals
who
commit
to
teaching
in
lowincomecommunitiesfortwoyears.TFAprovidesintensivetraining,support,andcareer
developmenttotheteachers.Thepartnership,supportedbyBiogenIdec,aimstohelpclosethe
achievementgapseeninlowerincomecommunitieswhereTeachforAmericaprovidesteachers.
BiogenIdeciscontributingnotonlythroughitsgrantbutalsobyhostingconferencesand
workshopsforteachersatitsfacilitiesandofferingorientationandtrainingatitscommunitylab.
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Supporting Professional Development for Science Educators for 20 Years
The Merck Institute for Science Education
RecognizinganeedforimprovedK12scienceinstruction,Merckestablishedin1993theMerckInstitutefor
ScienceEducation
(MISE)
program
to
train
science
teachers
and
administrators.
MISE
has
evolved
from
one
program20yearsagointoamultifacetedsetoftrainingprogramsprovidingeducation,workshops,support
coaches,andfamilyscienceactivitynightsforpartnerschooldistrictsinNewJerseyandPennsylvania.These
programsareeachdesignedfordifferentaudiencesandskilllevelsandinclude:
TheAcademyforLeadershipinScienceInstruction(the
Academy)Launchedin2008,this3yearprofessional
developmentinitiativeforteachers,principals,and
districtadministratorssetsouttoimprovescience
instructionanddeepentheirunderstandingofleadership
inascienceclassroomsetting.
PeerTeacher
Workshops
These
weeklong
sessions
are
designedtohelpteachersdeveloptheirunderstandingof
instructionalmaterialsandeffectivelyapplythemina
classroom.
InClassSupportCoachesProvidescoacheswhooffer
middleschoolscienceteachersassistanceinformulatingclassroominstructionplans,lessonfeedback,
reviewofstudentandassessmentdata,andinsomecasescoteachingonsubjects.
FamilyScienceActivitiesScienceeventsheldatbothMercksitesandpartnerschooldistrictsthatpair
parentsandchildren(gradesK8)toworkcooperativelytosolveproblemsandmakescientific
observationsontopicssuchasphysicalscience,forensics,orastronomy.Theyalsoserveasatoolfor
schoolstoshowcasetoparentsthewaytheseactivitiesarebeingpresentedtostudentsthroughoutthe
schooldistrict.
MerckStateScienceDayAyearlyscienceexaminationcompetitiontakenbyNewJerseysecondary
studentseitherindividuallyorasateamcompetinginthefieldsofbiology,chemistry,physics,and
integratedsciencesforachancetobecomeknownasaMerckScholar.
MercksMISEprogramhasservedmorethan6,000teachersthroughnearly400PeerTeachingWorkshopssince
1993.Throughtheleadershipacademy,theprogramhasservedhundredsofteachersandprincipals,aswellas
dozensofschooldistrictadministratorsinthepastfiveyears.Theseteachersandstaffthenapplytheselessonsto
themorethan89,000studentsthroughouttheirschooldistricts.Inadditiontodirectlycontributingtohighquality
scienceeducation,MISEisactivelyengagedineffortstoimprovesciencecurriculum,resources,assessments,and
relatedpolicies.TosupporttheseprogramsMerckhasinvestedseveralmilliondollarsoverthelastfiveyearsand
hasleveraged
additional
grant
funding
from
the
National
Science
Foundation.
FormoreinformationontheMerckInstituteforScienceEducationvisitwww.mise.org.
Note:Studentfiguresarebasedonthesizeoftheentireschooldistrictinthepartnershipareas(Elizabeth,NJ;Hillside,NJ;Linden,NJ;
Newark,NJ;Rahway,NJ;ReadingtonTownship,NJ;andNorthPenn,PA).
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EncouragingwomenandminoritiesinSTEMeducation.Thelatestfederaldatarevealthatcertain
demographicgroupsareconsistentlyunderrepresentedinSTEMdegreeprogramsandjobs,namely
womenandcertainminorities(seetextbox).Thisrepresentsbothachallengetoencouragethese
groupstopursuecareersinthesefieldsaswellasanopportunitytoleveragethetalentsofallofthe
nationsbestandbrightest.
PhRMAmembercompaniesareengagedinarangeofeffortstoincreasediversityinSTEM,particularly
withrespecttoexposingstudentsatyoungagestotheexcitementofhandson,inquirybasedscientific
learningopportunities.Thesurveyfinds18biopharmaceuticalcompaniesandcorporatefoundations
supportmorethan30STEMrelatededucationinitiativesorprogramsthatprimarilytargetgirlsor
women,minorities,and/orstudents/teachersinlowerincomeareas.
THEUNDERREPRESENTATIONOFWOMENANDMINORITIESIN
SCIENCEANDENGINEERING
Inits2013reportonthepresenceofwomen,minorities,andthedisabledinscienceandengineering,theNationalScience
Foundation(NSF)1finds:
RelativetotheirshareoftheU.S.population,womenarelesslikelythanmento:
o Pursueapostsecondarydegreeinmath,thephysicalsciences,computersciences,andengineering
o Workasascientistorengineerrelativetotheirparticipationintheworkforceoverall
o Workfulltimeasascientistorengineer
o Workasafulltime,fullprofessorwithascience,engineering,and/orhealthrelateddoctoratedegree
(women
represent
fewer
than
one
in
four
among
these
professors)
RelativetotheirshareoftheU.S.population,underrepresentedminoritiesincludingthreeracial/ethnic
groupsblacks,Hispanics,andAmericanIndiansarelesslikelythantheirwhiteandAsiancounterpartsto:
o Attendcollegeortograduate
o Graduatewithapostsecondaryscienceorengineeringdegree
o Workasascientistorengineerrelativetotheirparticipationintheworkforceoverall
Womenandminoritiesaregaininggroundincertainareas,thoughevidencefromtheNSFstudiedtrendsindicateprogress
ismodest.Amongwomen,therehasbeenanincreaseintheirshareofsocialscienceandbiosciencerelatedcollege
degreesandtheyarerelativelywellrepresentedinthesefields;thoughtheirshareofdegreesinmath,physicalsciences,
engineering,andcomputerscienceremainlowandshowlittlesignsofimprovement.Amongunderrepresentedminorities,
therehavebeensteadygainsintheirshareofscienceandengineeringdegreesoverthelasttwodecadeswithincreasing
degreesin
psychology,
social
science,
and
computer
science
fields.
1Women,Minorities,andPersonswithDisabilities inScienceandEngineering:2013,NationalCenterforScienceandEngineeringStatistics;
DirectorateforSocial,BehavioralandEconomicSciences;NationalScienceFoundation.
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Programexamples,whichtotalmorethan30,include:
TheAstellasUSAFoundationsupportsStellarGirls,a
programthatintroducesgirlsingrades5through8to
currentinterestingBigIdeasinSTEMFields.
AstraZenecaprovidessupporttoTechGYRLSin
Delaware.Theprogramencouragesmiddleandhigh
schoolgirlstoembracetechnologyandtoconsidera
careerinscience,technology,engineering,ormath.
BayerUSAFoundationhaslongsupportedBiotech
Partners,whichistheBayAreasonlynonprofitorganizationprovidingacomprehensive,
handson,bioscienceeducationandjobtrainingprogramforpopulationsunderrepresentedin
thesciencesespeciallyminoritystudents(97percent),youngwomen(54percent)andthose
fromlowincomehouseholds.
BioMarinPharmaceutical
supports
aSummer
Algebra
Academy
targeting
high
potential
9th
gradersfromdisadvantagedLatinocommunities.
BoehringerIngelheimCaresFoundationhasprovidedfinancialsupporttotheBoysandGirls
ClubofStamford,CTtohelpfundascienceenrichmentprogram,andparticipationintheYoung
ScientistClub,aninteractive,handsonsciencecurriculum.TheBoysandGirlsClubseekstohelp
narrowtheachievementgapsbetweenminoritychildrenandtheirwhitecounterpartsaswellas
lowincomechildrenandtheirmoreadvantagedcounterparts.
DaiichiSankyosupportsStudents2Science,Inc.(S2S),anonprofitcorporationthatinspires,
motivatesandeducatesmiddleandhighschoolstudentstopursuecareersinSTEMsubjectsina
lowerincome
school
district.
S2S
operates
a10,000
sq.
ft.
technology
center
in
East
Hanover,
NewJerseywherestudentsperformhandson,ageappropriateexperimentsthatemphasizethe
subjectstaughtintheirscienceclassrooms.
Johnson&JohnsonsupportsapostdoctoralresearchprogramattheUniversityofMichiganfor
underrepresentedminoritydoctoralcandidates.Theprogramfocusesonresearchalignedwith
theimmunologytherapeuticareasatJanssenR&D,partofJohnson&Johnson.Eachpost
doctoralfellowisjointlymentoredbyauniversityfacultymemberandacompanyscientist,and
spendtimeworkingatbothsites.Researchprojectsarejointlydevelopedtoencourage
collaborationandalignmentofresearchinterests.
PhotocourtesyofAmgen
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Advancing National Science Literacy:
Bayer Corporations Making Science Make Sense Program
BayerCorporationsawardwinningefforttoadvancescienceliteracyandinspirestudentinterestinscience,
MakingScience
Make
Sense
(MSMS),
was
initiated
more
than
40
years
ago.
The
program
leverages
more
than
1,000employeevolunteersandstrategicnationalandlocalpartnershipstofundamentallychangethemannerin
whichscienceisbothtaughtandlearned.Anewapproachtoscienceeducationispromotedthatemphasizes
handson,inquiryfocused,experientiallearning,orinotherwords,bydoingitamethodthathasbeenproven
effectiveatdevelopingscienceliteracyandexcitingstudentsaboutscience.
Toadvanceandpromotenationalscienceliteracy,theBayerCorporationisactiveonseveralfronts,including:
BayerFactsofScienceEducationSurveysurveysthatreachouttoparents,teachers,students,
administrators,businessexecutives,andscientiststhatgaugethestateofscienceeducationintheU.S.
since1995.
BayerScienceLiteracyCampaignledby
Dr.MaeC.JemisonDr.Jemisonisa
physician,scientist,educator,andthe
nationsfirstAfricanAmericanfemale
astronauttoorbittheEarth,andserves
astheleadadvocateforBayers
scienceliteracycampaign.Inherrole
sheaccompaniesBayerexecutives
visitingBayersitecommunitiesto
emphasizetheimportanceofscience
literacyandscienceeducationreform.
MSMS
Experiment
Guide
a
free
bookletoffunandsimplescience
experimentsforparentsandchildren.
MSMSAudioSeriesbrieftwominutescienceclassesabouteverydaytopics.
MakingScienceMakeSenseWebsite(www.BayerUS.com/MSMS) aresourceforsciencefacts,
experiments,andsurveyresults,featuringaninteractiveperiodictable.
BayersMSMSprogramisworkingtowardsystemicscienceeducationreform,bringingitsemphasisonashift
towardexperientialeducationtosevenreforminitiativesinlocalcommunitiesincluding:Pittsburgh,PA;New
Haven,CT;KansasCity,MO;Elkhart,IN;NewMartinsville,WV;Charleston,SC;andClayton,NC.
Bayerisleveragingstrategicpartnershipstoaffectchangeacrossanarrayoforganizationsincluding:American
Association
for
Advancement
of
Science;
National
Science
Foundation;
National
Science
Resources
Center;
NationalScienceTeachersAssociation;andtheU.S.DepartmentofEducation.
FormoreinformationonBayerCorporationsMakingScienceMakeSenseProgramvisitwww.BayerUS.com/MSMS.
Photos courtesyofBayer
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Mentoring Tomorrows Scientists
Lundbecks Partnership with Perspectives/IIT Math & Science Academy
LundbeckispartneringwithPerspectives/IllinoisInstituteofTechnologyMathandScienceAcademyinChicago,
Illinois,to
provide
students
with
access
to
hands
on
experiments
in
quality
laboratories
as
well
as
access
to
Lundbeckemployeeswhovolunteerasmentorstothestudentsatthecharterschool.Throughthispartnership
LundbeckhopestoinspirestudentstopursuemoreeducationinSTEMfieldsandultimatelyenterintoaSTEM
relatedcareerfield.
Thepublicprivatepartnershiphastwokey
components:Lundbeckinvestingin
renovationsandimprovementsinthescience
labsatPerspectivesMathandScience
Academy.Theselabsprovidestudentsin
grades6to12withtheopportunityforhands
on
learning
and
the
opportunity
to
pursue
collegecreditinsciencethroughthe
introductionofanAdvancedPlacement
Chemistrycourse.
Lundbeckalsopartnerstoprovidementoring
tocharterschoolstudents.Lundbeck
employeessharerealworldexperiencesand
insightswithstudentstoprovidethema
windowintowhatacareerinSTEMentailsonadaytodaybasis.Allofthe2,300studentsenrolledatPerspectives
MathandScienceAcademyparticipateinthesementorshipprogramsviainpersonclassroomdiscussionsand
presentations,orthroughvirtualmeetingsessionswithLundbeckemployees.
FormoreinformationonLundbeckspartnershipwith
Perspectivesvisit
http://www.lundbeck.com/us/our commitment/community
involvement/stemeducation.
Ourcommitmenttosciencegoesbeyond
ourownlabsandintotheclassroom,where
wehaveanopportunitytoinspirethenext
generationofscientists.
PeterHngaardAndersen,PhD
HeadofGlobalResearch,Lundbeck
Photos courtesyofLundbeck
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Developing the Next Generation of Scientists:
Amgen Scholars
ThroughtheAmgenFoundationssupportoftheAmgenScholarsprogram,
undergraduatestudents
are
engaged
in
hands
on
university
summer
research
projectsatleadingU.S.universities.TenuniversitiesintheU.S.andthreein
Europehostthe810weeksummerresearchprogramdesignedtoengage
undergraduatesincuttingedgeresearchspanningawiderangeoflifescience
andrelateddisciplinesfrombiochemistry,bioengineering,andbiotechnology
toneuroscience,toxicology,andmoleculargenetics.Inadditionto
contributingtouniversityresearch,studentslearnthroughhandsonlabexperiences,workalongsidefaculty
mentors,andattendseminars,workshops,networkingevents,andamidsummersymposiumledbyindustryand
academicscientists.IntheU.S.,hostuniversitiesinclude:
CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology
ColumbiaUniversity/BarnardCollege
MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology
StanfordUniversity
UniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley,LosAngeles,
SanDiego,andSanFrancisco
UniversityofWashington
WashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis
AmgenScholarshassupportedmorethan2,400
undergraduatesthatattendalmost400differentcollegesand
universitiessincetheprogrambeganintheU.S.in2006andin
Europe
in
2008.
Eligible
students
must
maintain
a
high
GPA
and
haveaninterestinpursuingaPhDorMDandacareerin
science.Theprogramissuccessfullyreinforcingstudentinterest
inpursuinggraduatelevelsciencestudiesandsciencecareers
asnearly90percentofprogramalumnithathavefinishedtheir
undergraduateprogramarenowenrolledinadvanceddegree
programsorareworkinginascientificfield.
TodatetheAmgenFoundationhascommitted$34millionover
eightyearstosupportthousandsofstudentsgloballyinits
initiativetoinspireandpreparethenextgenerationof
scientists.
FormoreinformationontheAmgenScholarsprogramvisit
http://www.amgenscholars.com/.
Ivelearnedmoreabouthowtoconduct
scientificresearch
and
about
myself
on
a
personallevelinthetwoandahalfmonths
IwasinNewYorkthanIhaveinmyentire
collegecareer.
Amgen2007ScholarKarenLevy,Universityof
Nevada,Biology,Biochemistry
PhotoscourtesyofAmgen
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THEROLEOFPUBLICPRIVATEPARTNERSHIPSINADVANCINGANDIMPROVINGU.S.STEMEDUCATION
Biopharmaceuticalcompaniesareleveragingstrategicpartnershipstoensuretheirinitiativesareeffective
andtheirgoalsarereinforcedbyacomplementaryorganizationwithlikemindedgoalsandapproaches.
Muchofthepartneringeffortsalignpublicandprivateentitiesinstrategicpartnerships,which,ifcoordinated
effectively,canbringtogetherthebestofbothsectors.Forinstance,abiopharmaceuticalcompanycanlend
professionalindustryexpertiseandresourcesindesigningaSTEMeducationprogramandtapintoanexisting
publicnetworkorentitysuchasauniversityorpublicschoolsystem.Today,companiesandtheirfoundations
arepartnering
with
more
than
60
individual
organizations
spanning
government
and
the
private
sector
and
widespreadgeography.Examplesinclude:
NationalScienceTeachers
Association
NationalGovernorsAssociation
AmericanChemicalSociety
TeachForAmericasSTEM
Initiative
100Kin10
TheAmericanAssociationfor
theAdvancementofScience
NationalBoardforProfessional
TeachingStandards
UnitedNegroCollegeFund
BoysandGirlsClub
TheFranklinInstitute(PA)
DelawareBiotechInstitute(DE)
ChicagoPublicSchools(IL)
NewarkPublicSchools(NJ)
NorthCarolinaNewSchools
Project(NC)
NorthPennSchoolDistrict(PA)
WakeandDurhamPublicSchool
Systems(NC)
CarnegieMellon(PA)
DukeUniversity(NC)
DrewUniversity(NJ)
NorthamptonCommunity
College(PA)
IndependentCollegeFund
ofNewJersey(NJ)
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Conclusion:ArrestingSTEMDeclinetoEnsure
TomorrowsNewMedicines,EconomicVitalityRequires
LongTermCommitment
TheU.S.isfacingmajorchallengesinensuringa
robustsupplyofSTEMworkerstomeetthe
increasingneedsofthenationsknowledgeeconomy.
AtissueisanincreasingSTEMskillsgapintheU.S.,a
concernforR&Dintensiveindustriessuchasthe
innovative
biopharmaceutical
industry,
which
require
abroadrangeofSTEMskills,training,andeducation
atalldegreelevels.
ThepotentialimplicationsaresignificantfortheU.S.
economyandpatientsifthecountryisunableto
growthenextgenerationofworkersequippedwith
theSTEMskillsneededtomaintaintheU.S.position
asaworldleaderinbiopharmaceuticalR&D.A
shortageofskilledworkerscouldunderminethe
abilitytodeveloptomorrowsnewtreatmentsherein
theU.S.forourmostchallengingandcostlydiseases.
Asevidencedbythisreport,biopharmaceuticalcompaniesandtheircorporatefoundationsare
lendingtheirresourcesandleveragingkeypartnershipstomakesubstantialcontributionsnationally,
inprogramsspecifictomorethanhalfofallU.S.states,andatthelocallevel,particularlyinthose
communitiesinwhichtheyreside.Justastheyvaryintheirgeographicreachandscale,sotoodo
theseinitiativestargetthevariedlayersoftheU.S.educationsystemacrossalllevelsfromK12
throughpostsecondary,andspanningbothstudentsandeducators.Significantresourcesarebeing
leveragedwithover$100millioninfinancialsupporttoSTEMeducationprogramsoverfiveyears
andnearly4,500skilledemployeevolunteerscontributingalmost27,000hourstoSTEMeducation
efforts.These
efforts
have
had
amajor
impact
by
reaching
1.6
million
students
and
17,500
teachers
withinnovativeapproachestolearning,teaching,andexcitingstudentsaboutSTEMcareers.
Asoutlinedinthisreport,employmentinSTEMrelatedjobshasgrownrapidlyandisprojectedto
continuetogrowatafasterpacethanoverallemployment.Federaloccupationalforecastsexpect
thenetjobgrowthtocontinuewithoverallSTEMjobsexpectedtoincreaseby17percentfrom
2010through2020versus14percentforalloccupations.
WhilethedemandforSTEMtalenthasincreased,U.S.rankingsinkeyglobalSTEMindicatorshave
declinedandothercountriescontinuetoincreasetheirSTEMinvestmentsandstrengthentheir
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STEMeducationalpipelines.Globally,countriesareseekingtoestablishacompetitiveadvantage
andhavedevelopedandlaunchedinitiativesfocusedonimprovingSTEMeducationintheirnation
aspartoftheirbroaderstrategiestoattractandgrowR&Dintensivesectorssuchastheinnovative
biopharmaceuticalindustry.Theseindustriesareparticularlyattractiveduetothehighwages,
stability,and
steady
contributions
to
local
and
national
economies.
Thisreporthighlightstheinnovativebiopharmaceuticalindustryslongtermcommitmenttohelpfill
theSTEMeducationgapbystrengtheningourSTEMpipelineandimprovingteacherqualitythrough
arangeofprogramsandactivities.Asthereportillustrates,allstakeholders,includingindustries
thatrelyonthesehighlyskilledemployeestoinnovate,havearoletoplayinimprovingthenations
standingasagloballeaderininnovation.
Thenationseconomicsustainabilityandgrowthisbasedonthecompetitiveadvantageofasteady
supplyofhighlyskilledSTEMworkers.InthefaceofincreasingcompetitioninSTEMeducationand
workersfromcountrieslikeChinaandJapan,toremaintheworldsengineofdiscoveryand
innovation,we
cannot
continue
to
lag
behind
other
countries
in
the
quality
and
quantity
of
our
STEMtalent.ItisanationalimperativeiftheU.S.istocontinuetoretainhighR&Dindustries,like
theU.S.innovativebiopharmaceuticalindustry,andthehighwage,highvaluejobstheybring.
7/27/2019 PhRMA STEM Education Report 2014
43/48
35
Appendix
SurveyMethodologyBattellesurveyedPhRMAmembercompaniesandtheirfoundationsinMarch2013regardingthe
programsandinitiativestheysupportrelatingtoSTEMeducation.Twentyfourof48PhRMA
membercompaniesandresearchassociates(ortheirrespectivecorporatefoundations)completed
thesurveyandreportedatleastoneprogramsupported25(50percent);theresponsesrepresent
77percentofthe30fullmembercompanies.
Thesurvey
sought
to
identify
any
and
all
education
related
initiatives,
programs,
or
other
efforts
thateachorganizationhasparticipatedin,funded,orotherwisecontributedtointheU.S.duringthe
lastfiveyearsthatspecificallyweretargetedtoadvanceSTEMrelatededucationfields(Science,
Technology,Engineering,and/orMathematics).Companiesandfoundationswereaskedtoprovide
informationinaninclusivemannerincludingprogramsorinitiativesatalleducationandg
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