Phases of Design(Product Lifecycle)
1) Customer Requirements2) Specification Development3) Conceptual Design4) Detail Design5) Specification of Production6) Manufacture7) Disposal
Pole Vault Pole Functions
Shoot Idiot HighInto the Air
(Repeatedly)
Support Load Be Easy to Use Be Consistent
Spring BackBend Lightweight Fit Comfortably in Hands
MaintainStiffness
Be LabeledProperly
Pole Vault Pole Specifications
For: A Pole Vault Pole
D/WChanges
Specification
Resp. SourceRequirements
USHSF
Standard
Shoot Idiot high into the air.
GeometryFits in Human HandRound Cross Section
KinematicsUnbends Quickly
ForcesBending Force ScalableHigh Breaking Force
MaterialsMoldableDurableDuctileNot temperature dependent
SafetyWill not fractureRepeatable Stiffness
DesignTeam
Standard
USHSF
USHSF
Standard
Pole Vault Pole Specifications
For: A Pole Vault Pole
D/WChanges
Specification
Resp. SourceRequirements
USHSF
Standard
Shoot Idiot 3-6m into the air.Geometry
Diameter between 1-2Length between 10'-17'6"
KinematicsDamping ratio < 0.1
ForcesBending Force ScalableBending angle > 180 deg.
MaterialsMoldableDurableDuctileNot temperature dependent
SafetyWill not fracture99% stiffness after 5k Bends
DesignTeam
Standard
USHSF
USHSFStandard
D
D
D
DDD
D
W
W
W
W
D
Phases of Design (Product Lifecycle)1) Customer Requirements
Understand the Problem
2) Specification DevelopmentEngineering Requirements
3) Conceptual Design4) Detail Design5) Specification of Production6) Manufacture7) Disposal
Functional Requirements:Dough Shaping at Crispy Cremes
Shape DoughShaped Dough
ElossDoughAdditives
I
E
1 2 3 54 6
7
1 2 3+4 5 6
7
Feed in1
Prepare2
Dispense3
Shape4
Separate5
Feed Out6
Return7
Dough ShapedDough
Waste Waste WasteAdditives
1 2 3+4+5 6
7
1 2+3 4+5 6
7
Solution Principle Matrix
Sub-
func.
Solution Principles
(Idea/ Source)
1
Idea: (Mechanical)
Rub on Material
(Mechanical)
Squirt Material
(Mechanical)
Place Material
(like Letterset)
(Chemical)
Change paper composition
Source: Standard product Team #2 Letterset Acid etching
1
(Chemical)
Change paper color
(like Litmus paper)
(Electrical)
Burn paper (spark)
(like old fashioned strip
chart recorders)
(Electrical)
Electrify Paper (glow
discharge)
(Electrical)
Static charge to hold mark
on
(like Etch-A-Sketch)
Fisher Scientific Team #3 Team #1 Etch-A-Sketch
1
(Thermal)
Burn paper (flame)
(Thermal)
Heat paper (glow discharge)
(Thermal)
Melt on Mark
(Magnetic)
Attach magnetic material
(like refrigerator magnets)
Team #2 Team #2 Wax seals Gift Store
1
(Biological)
Grow bacteria, fungus
(Biological)
Modify (digest?) paper
(Optical)
Change light properties of
paper (reflectance, polarity)
(Optical)
Change light (hologram)
Team #2 BioTech Magazine Team #2 Team #2
2
(Mechanical)
Rub off Material
(Mechanical)
Take off material
(Mechanical)
Cover mark
(like white out)
(Chemical)
Change paper composition
Standard product Team #2 Team #1 Team #2
2
(Chemical)
Change paper color
(like dying fabric the same
color as a stain)
(Chemical)
Change mark (e.g., bleach)
(Electrical)
Burn off mark (spark)
ETC.
Team #1 Team #2 Team #2
Example: Design of a “Pencil”Sub-function 1: Make an Erasable MarkSub-function 2: Erase an Erasable Mark
Different Principles to Store Energy
Different working principles to satisfy the function “store energy” by varying the type of energy.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Mechanical Hydraulic Electrical Thermal
FlowingLiquid
HeatedLiquid
SuperheatedSteam
Type of EnergyWorking Principle
Battery
Inductance, L
Pot.Energy
mh
Hydraulicreservoire.g, Piston
MovingMassm
v
MassM, s, T
Flywheelω
J
+V-
J
vω WheeloninclinePlane
LiquidRes.Pot. E.
h
F
Spring Other SpringsComp. GasF
A Simple Competition
20 ftS
tart
Line
6.25 ft
12.5 ft
Function Tree Diagram
Place Masson Target
MoveMass
Navigateto
Target
Brake onTarget
GeneratePower
TransmitPower
HitTarget
The Morphological Chart
Store/AcquirePower
TransmitPower
Brake onTarget
MoveMass
Navigateto Target
Gravity Mouse Traps
Car Hit by Trap Rip Cord Effect Ramp Catapult
Rolling Friction String Break Anchor Rubber Stopper
Equal Size Wheels Larger Front Wheels
Rolling Sliding Projectile Launch
Going from concept to physical reality
.........
...
Combine Solutions fromMorphological Chart
Concept 1: Gravity+Ramp+Friction Brake
Concept 2: Mousetrap+Rip Cord+String Brake
Concept 3: Gravity+Mousetrap+Friction Brake
etc.
THE BIG EGG-HUNTAn Old Competition
A) Each rotten egg in your zone is -3 pointsB) Each regular egg (from the middle level of the nest)
in your zone is 1 pt.C) Each Big Egg (from the top level of the nest)
in your zone is 3 pts.D) All eggs in your basket are valued at 3X
the above values.
Scoring
Combining Solution PrinciplesSub-
Functions
\Solutions1 2 L j L m
1 F1 S11 S12 S1j S1m
2 F2 S21 S22 S2j S2m
M M M M M M
i Fi Si2 Sij Sim
M M M M M M
n Fn Sn1 Sn2 Snj Snm
Combination of Principles1 2
Combination 1: S11 + S21 + … + Sn1Combination 1: S11 + S22 + … + Sn2
1) Formulate Many Alternate Concepts
2) Evaluate Concepts
3) Select Concepts for Further Refinement...
Conceptual Design
Concept 1 2 3 4 5
Criteria
A D
B A
C T
D U
E M
F!+!-!S
First Level Evaluation Matrix
+ = better than datum; - = worse than datum; S = same as datum
+ = better than datum; - = worse than datum; S = same as datum
Concept
Criteria
Cost
GatheringAbility
Safety
RobustnessEase ofAssemblyΣ+Σ-Σs
1 2 3 4 5Bunny
D
ATU
M
Snake
+
SS
S_
113
_
_
++
+
320
_
_
++
+
320
VoodooSpell
__
_
++
230
First Level Evaluation Matrix
Value ScalesPts. Meaning Pts. Meaning
0 absolutely uselesssolution 0 unsatisfactory
1 very inadequatesolution
2 weak solution1 just tolerable
3 tolerable solution
4 adequate solution2 adequate
5 satisfactory solution
6 good solution with fewdrawbacks 3 good
7 good solution
8 very good solution
9 solution exceeding therequirement
4 very good (ideal)
10 ideal solution
Second Level Evaluation MatrixConcept 1 2 3 4 5
Criteria
A: lowmaterialcost
3 1 4 4 3
B: easyassembly
3 4 4 4 3
C: shorttesting time
4 1 3 4 4
D: simpleconstruction
2 3 4 3 3
E:functionalsafety
2 2 2 2 2
F: simpleoperation
3 3 3 3 2
Total 17 14 20 20 17
Relative =Total/24
0.71 0.58 0.83 0.83 0.71
Third Level Evaluation: Pencil ExampleWEIGHT
(0-4)
C1
(RUB ON
- RUB
OFF)
C2
(PLACE
ON -
TAKE
OFF)
C3
(PLACE
ON - RUB
OFF)
WORKING PRINCIPLE:
MAKES ERASABLE
MARK
4 4 4
REMOVES
ERASABLE MARK
4 3 3
EMBODIMENT:
HOLDS POINT 3 2 4
PRODUCTION:
FEW PARTS 4 3 2
SIMPLE TO MAKE 4 2 2
ASSEMBLY:
EASY 3 3
OPERATION:
COMFORTABLE TO
USE
2 2 3
LOW USE FORCE 3 3 4
MAINTENANCE:
SHARPENABLE 4 4 4
SAFETY:
DOESN’T HARM
USER BY
BREAKING INTO
SMALL, HARMFUL
PARTS
4 3 4
NOT POISONOUS 0 4 3
TOTAL POINTS:
New Design Tools at Your Disposal
1) Functional Variants2) Solution Principle Matrices3) Morphological Charts4) Evaluation Matrices
War of the Worlds Proving Grounds
Ways to Score• Knock Down Alien Machines
Entirely in your zone: 3 pts.Partially in your zone: 1 pt.
• Collect VirusesCompletely Inside Your Zone: 1 pt.
• Infect Aliens Completely Inside Your Zone : 5 pts.
• Deliver Humans to Safe ZoneEach Human Saved: 4 pts.
AreaDimensions
(Approximate)
7.0'
2.5'
2.0'1.0'
~ 12"
~ 6"x6"
Side View
Some Details
•Read handout for compete rules•Your team will be given electronics/actuators•Total budget for other supplies is $50•Machines must start in a 12x24x18” volume•Rulings by Faculty are final and binding
Important Events
• Individual Round (week of June 27)• Preliminary Round (week of July 4)• Qualifying Round (week of July 11)• Big Contest (July 22)
Design Review, 5 - 6 PMWar of the Worlds, 6:15PM
• Final Written & Oral Reports (week of July 25)
• 5% of Course Grade is from Design Review• 10% of Course Grade is from Performance
Grading
(Design Review Worth Almost as Much as Final Performance)
Maximum Points Breakdown
1 Individual Round
1 Preliminary Competition
2 Qualifying Round
6 Big Contest
Individual Round
• Two mousetraps and gravity only• 5 minutes• Run your machine up to three times• Total score compared against all sections
1) Knock down aliens (nearest three)
Preliminary Round(First Team Machine)
• Computer controlled• 5 minutes• Run your machine up to three times• Total score compared against all sections
1) Collect viruses2) Knock down aliens3) Infect aliens
Qualifying Round1) All Activities
• Compete against other teams in section (perhaps a few from other sections)
• Several competitions• Compared only to your studio section
Big Competition
• Design ReviewImpress the JudgesAesthetics, Ingenuity, Presentation
• War of the WorldsDouble EliminationWhen 4 teams left, 1 final match
Contest Grade Scoring
Based on number of victories
•Top team(s) will win n matches = 6 pts•Teams with 0 victories = 1 pt.•Others linearly scaled between 1 and 6
Important Things To Do• Read Handout Carefully
• Read it Again
• Review Lecture Slides
• Get Started Early
• Learn From Others(stay out of the garage)
• Don’t Be the Weak Link
• Have Fun
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