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RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006

PERT CPM – Resource Allocation By

Prof. NadpurohitSlide 1 of 17

PERT & CPM – Resource Allocation

RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



RESOURCES ARE RESOURCES ARE ESSENTIAL TO ESSENTIAL TO

PERFORM & COMPLETE PERFORM & COMPLETE THE ACTIVITIES IN A THE ACTIVITIES IN A

PROJECTPROJECTMATERIALS are worked MATERIALS are worked upon and converted to upon and converted to PROJECT DELIVERABLES by PROJECT DELIVERABLES by the assigned MANPOWER the assigned MANPOWER using its skills & efforts using its skills & efforts with or without help of with or without help of EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT

RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



DRIVING RESOURCES : Decide project DRIVING RESOURCES : Decide project schedule according to rate of outputschedule according to rate of output•MANPOWER MANPOWER •EQUIPMENT / MACHINERY EQUIPMENT / MACHINERY

NON DRIVING RESOURCES NON DRIVING RESOURCES •MATERIALS MATERIALS •MONEY MONEY

RESOURCES ARE CATAGORISED AS RESOURCES ARE CATAGORISED AS

RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



RESOURCE SCHEDULING STEPSRESOURCE SCHEDULING STEPS RESOURCE ESTIMATION: RESOURCE ESTIMATION: ESTIMATE ESTIMATE

RESOURCES REQUIRED TO ACCOMPLISH RESOURCES REQUIRED TO ACCOMPLISH INDIVIDUAL TASKSINDIVIDUAL TASKS

RESOURCE LOADING: RESOURCE LOADING: ASSESS RESOURCES ASSESS RESOURCES TO BE ORGANIZED FROM PERIOD TO PERIODTO BE ORGANIZED FROM PERIOD TO PERIOD

RESOURCE SMOOTHING: RESOURCE SMOOTHING: RESCHEDULE RESCHEDULE TASKS TO MINIMISETASKS TO MINIMISE PERIOD TO PERIOD PERIOD TO PERIOD VARIATION IN RESOURCES WITHOUT VARIATION IN RESOURCES WITHOUT AFFECTING COMPLETION DATEAFFECTING COMPLETION DATE

RESOURCE LEVELLING: RESOURCE LEVELLING: RESCHEDULE TASKS RESCHEDULE TASKS TO REMAIN WITHIN RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS TO REMAIN WITHIN RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS WITH OR WITHOUT PROJECT DELAYWITH OR WITHOUT PROJECT DELAY

RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



ID Task Time Pred. T. Float Resource

0 PROJECT 11 days 0 days1 A 4 days 7 days Men[9]2 B 2 days 2 days Men[3]3 C 2 days 0 days Men[6]4 D 2 days 2 days Men[4]5 E 3 days 2 2 days Men[8]6 F 2 days 3 0 days Men[7]7 G 3 days 4,6 0 days Men[2]8 H 4 days 5,7 0 days Men

D-1 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13EARLY START SCHEDULE EARLY START SCHEDULE RESOURCE SMOOTHINGRESOURCE SMOOTHING

RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



5

10

15

20

25

Peak Units:

Men Overallocated: Allocated:

D-1 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13

22 22 24 24 10 2 2 1 1 1 1

RESOURCE GRAPH FOR EARLY SCHEDULERESOURCE GRAPH FOR EARLY SCHEDULE

PEAK RESOURCE REQUIREMENT IS 24 & MINIMUM 1PEAK RESOURCE REQUIREMENT IS 24 & MINIMUM 1

RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



INITIAL RULES FOR SMOOTHINGINITIAL RULES FOR SMOOTHING INITIAL RESOURCE LOADING TO BE INITIAL RESOURCE LOADING TO BE

BASED ON NORMAL WORK RATES BASED ON NORMAL WORK RATES & NORMAL COSTS& NORMAL COSTS

ACTIVITIES TO BE SHIFTED WITHIN ACTIVITIES TO BE SHIFTED WITHIN AVAILABLE FLOAT WITHOUT AVAILABLE FLOAT WITHOUT CHANGING THEIR NORMAL CHANGING THEIR NORMAL DURATIONSDURATIONS

ACTIVITIES ONCE STARTED CAN OT ACTIVITIES ONCE STARTED CAN OT BE INTERRUPTEDBE INTERRUPTED

RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



ID Task Time Pred. Resource

0 PROJECT 11 days1 A 4 days Men[9]2 B 2 days Men[3]3 C 2 days Men[6]4 D 2 days Men[4]5 E 3 days 2 Men[8]6 F 2 days 3 Men[7]7 G 3 days 4,6 Men[2]8 H 4 days 5,7 Men

D-1 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 D16

5

10

15

Peak Units:


D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13

13 13 15 15 10 2 2 10 10 10 10

RESOURCE SMOOTHING – STAGE 1RESOURCE SMOOTHING – STAGE 1

SHIFT ACTIVITY ‘A’ SHIFT ACTIVITY ‘A’ PEAK RESOURCE PEAK RESOURCE REQUIREMENT REDUCES REQUIREMENT REDUCES TO 15TO 15MINIMUM REQUIREMENT MINIMUM REQUIREMENT 22

RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



ID Task Time Pred. Resource0 PROJECT 11 days1 A 4 days Men[9]2 B 2 days Men[3]

3 C 2 days Men[6]4 D 2 days Men[4]

5 E 3 days Men[8]6 F 2 days 3 Men[7]7 G 3 days 4,6 Men[2]8 H 4 days 5,7 Men

D-1 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10D11D12D13D14

5

10

15

Peak Units:


D-1 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13

13 13 7 7 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

SHIFT ACTIVITY ‘E’ SHIFT ACTIVITY ‘E’ PEAK RESOURCE PEAK RESOURCE REQUIREMENT REDUCES TO REQUIREMENT REDUCES TO 13,13,MINIMUM REQUIREMENT MINIMUM REQUIREMENT OF 7OF 7


RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



ID Task Time Pred. Resource0 PROJECT 11 days1 A 4 days Men[9]2 B 2 days Men[3]

3 C 2 days Men[6]4 D 2 days Men[4]

5 E 3 days Men[8]6 F 2 days 3 Men[7]7 G 3 days 4,6 Men[2]8 H 4 days 5,7 Men

D-1 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10D11D12D13D14

2

4

6

8

10

Peak Units:


D-1 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13

10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

SHIFT ACTIVITY ‘B’ SHIFT ACTIVITY ‘B’ RESOURCE REQUIREMENT IS RESOURCE REQUIREMENT IS UNIFORM AT 10UNIFORM AT 10


RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



PRIORITY RULES FOR RESOURCE PRIORITY RULES FOR RESOURCE LEVELLINGLEVELLING

MINIMUM SLACK FIRST: MINIMUM SLACK FIRST: ALLOCATE ALLOCATE RESOURCES TO CRITICAL & NEAR- CRITICAL RESOURCES TO CRITICAL & NEAR- CRITICAL ACTIVITIES ON PRIORITY.ACTIVITIES ON PRIORITY.

SHORTEST TASK FIRST: SHORTEST TASK FIRST: ENSURES THAT ENSURES THAT MAXIMISES NUMBER OF TASKS CAN BE MAXIMISES NUMBER OF TASKS CAN BE COMPLETED IN CERTAIN TIME PERIOD.COMPLETED IN CERTAIN TIME PERIOD.

MOST RESOURCES FIRST: MOST RESOURCES FIRST: ON PRESUMPTION ON PRESUMPTION THAT MORE IMPORTANT TASKS DEMAND MORE THAT MORE IMPORTANT TASKS DEMAND MORE RESOURCESRESOURCES

MOST CRITICAL FOLLOWERS: MOST CRITICAL FOLLOWERS: TASKS TASKS PRECEDING MAXIMUM NUMBERS OF CRITICAL PRECEDING MAXIMUM NUMBERS OF CRITICAL TASKS WILL GET PRIORITY FOR RESOURCES.TASKS WILL GET PRIORITY FOR RESOURCES.

RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



Example:Draw a Gantt chart and Resource Graph for the Project Schedule based on the table

given below and find out the following. a) Total Time for completion.b) Days of aver allocation of resources if maximum workers available are 20.

Activity Immediate Predecessor Duration Allocated Workers

A - 8 4

B - 7 8

C A 6 5

D B 8 4

E B 4 8

F B 8 6

G C,D 5 5

H E 6 4

I F 6 5

J G,H,I 10 6

RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



100

377

61515

72121 8

3131

51115

2810 4

1516

8,15A(8)C(6)

B(7) D(8)

E(4)

F(8)

H(6)

I(6)

G(5)

J(10)20,17,21

8,11,7

2,0

Resource Allocation Problem, university 2009.xls

RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



Example:Given below are the manpower requirement for each activity in a Project. a) Draw the network and find out Total Float and Free Float for every activity.b) The contractor stipulates that during the 1st 26 days only 4 to 5 men and during

the remaining days 8 to 11 men can be made available. Rearrange the activities suitably for Leveling the manpower resource, satisfying the above condition.

Activity Normal Times days Manpower / Day

1 - 2 10 2

1 - 3 11 3

2 - 4 13 4

2 - 6 14 3

3 - 4 10 1

4 - 5 7 3

4 – 6 17 3

5 - 7 13 5

6 - 7 9 8

7 - 8 1 11

RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



100

31113

42323 7

4949 8

5050

53036

21010 6

4040

1013

1011

14

17

713

9

1

Non Critical Activity Scheduling Times and Float

ActivityNormal Time

DaysEarliest Time Latest Time Total Float =

Lj – Ei - tFree Float =

Ej – Ei - tStart Finish Start Finish

1-3 11 0 11 2 13 2 0

2-6 14 11 24 26 40 16 16

3-4 10 11 21 13 23 2 2

4-5 7 23 30 19 36 6 0

5-7 13 30 43 36 49 6 6

RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



100

31113

42323 7

4949 8

5050

53036

21010 6

4040

1013

1011

14

17

713

9

1

Non Critical Activity Scheduling Times and Float

Activity

Normal

Time Days

Earliest Time Latest Time Total Float = Lj – Ei - t

Free Float = Ej – Ei - t

Start Finish Start Finish

1-3 11 0 11 2 13 2 0

2-6 14 11 24 26 40 16 16

3-4 10 11 21 13 23 2 2

4-5 7 23 30 29 36 6 0

5-7 13 30 43 36 49 6 6

Resource Levelling Pr, uni 2010.xls

RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006



RESOURCE RESOURCE LEVELLING LEVELLING ALGORITHM ALGORITHM BASED ON BASED ON ‘CRITICAL TASKS ‘CRITICAL TASKS FIRST’ RULE FIRST’ RULE

RESOURCES

July – Nov 2006

