Penguin robot helps researchers get close and personal
http://www.theguardian.com/science/animal-magic/2014/nov/03/penguin-robot-behaviour
Slide 2
Announcements Papers are due TONIGHT by 11:59 PM Dont wait
until 11:59 PM to try and upload your paper. You might run into
technical difficulties There were problems with plagiarism in the
outlines This needs to be eliminated before you turn in your
reports Check your Turnitin.com originality report Lab assignment:
Designing Across the Lifespan paper
Slide 3
My robot project is this far A.All done robot leaves arena with
green beacon B.Can find green beacon but cant leave arena C.Can
find red beacon and turn it off but cant find green beacon D.Can
find red beacon but cant turn it off E.Cannot find red beacon
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Human Factors in Design
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What are Human Factors (HF)? And why do engineers need to be
concerned about them?
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Human Factors is the application of knowledge about human
characteristics to design Physical Strength, size, reaction time,
endurance, frailty, eyesight, fine motor skills
Social/Emotional/Cultural User preferences (simplicity,
reliability, aesthetics, safety, cost, etc.), culturally-based
behaviors (reading, speaking), acceptance Cognitive Understanding
cause and effect, user interface, interpreting emotions and
intentions
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Man Machine Interface Sensory Cognitive Action Display/
Configuration Machine Processing Control Human Machine
Interface/Interaction
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Human-System Interface Senses - Vision - Hearing Psychomotor -
Hands Input Devices - Buttons Output - Display - Sound
INTERFACEINTERFACE US Department of Veteran Affairs
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Human Factors also acknowledge that humans are fallible..,
people make mistakes! So why consider Human Factors? Improve
efficiency Ensure safety* Increase human performance (i.e.,
productivity) Minimize costs (economic, legal, social) *Especially
critical to space/air, nuclear and healthcare industries
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Human Factors design considerations affect product
effectiveness, safety, and ultimately, desirability. Source: FDA
Medical Device Use-Safety
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Example: Healthcare-related technology is rapidly growing You
hope Human Factors were considered in the design of this
equipment
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Human Factors (ergonomics) integrates knowledge from multiple
fields Engineering Psychology Physiology/Kinesiology Biology
Anthropology SJSU has a human factors program in the Industrial and
Systems Engineering department Source: Integrated Safety
Management, Berkeley Lab wikipedia
Slide 13
Astronaut interacting with a space system that was designed
with human factors. (This image is in the public domain. Source:
NASA)
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Human neural prosthetics include human factors engineering,
creating new interface methods.
http://nitrolab.engr.wisc.edu/research.php
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Which would be considered a Human Factor to be addressed?
A.Limited memory B.Fatigue C.Development stage of user D.Cultural
E.All of the above
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Consider how human factors were included in the IDEO shopping
cart design. http://www.ideo.com/work/shopping-cart-concept
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https://worldofparis.wordpress.com/tag/carrefour/ IDEO cart
idnt take off but there were others. In Europe easy to navigate in
small markets
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Physical Domain Consider human scale
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Physical Domain Consider Anthropometric Data For example reach
Source: http://www.mccauslandco.com/ Source:
http://openacademyofknowledge.wikispaces.com/
The relationship between stress and performance Stress level
Area of optimum stress Low stress Boredom High stress Anxiety,
panic Performance level Yerkes, R. M., & Dodson, J. D. (1908)
The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of
habit-formation. Journal of Comparative Neurology and Psychology,
18, 459-482 Physical Domain: Consider Effects of Stress
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Social Domain Cultural Norms
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Social/Emotional Follows Social Conventions Getting on elevator
wait your turn Can respond to human signals Change of voice (e.g.
express sympathy when you are tired) Response to violent behavior
Bandit-II used in hospitals
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Social/Emotional Match robot personality to that of user
Source: Tapus (2008)
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Social/Emotional Human but not too human uncanny valley Source:
pinktentacle.com
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Cognitive Domain What do users perceive? See Woods paper
Friendly? Unfriendly?
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Cognitive Domain What do users perceive? See Woods paper Can
talk? Cant talk?
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Cognitive Domain - Compatibility
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Cognitive Domain Sometimes we dont say what we see . Say the
color of the words that appear Optillusions.com
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http://www.baddesigns.com/starbucks.html Ooops! There goes my
coffee!!!
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Remedy(?): An instruction card was placed next to machine
http://www.baddesigns.com/starbucks.html
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Can Opener http://www.baddesigns.com/canopen.html Whats wrong
with this picture?
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Attention to which Human Factors in the workplace could help
reduce errors? A.Avoiding reliance on memory B.Making things more
visible C.Simplifying processes or procedures D.Making equipment
easy to operate E.All of the above
Slide 36
Designing Across the Lifespan 1 page (400-500 words) for each
member of the team Discuss how to modify the design of a companion
robot to serve a child or a 65+ adult Base your design decisions on
information from reliable literature (see example in Canvas: Robot
Module: Background Reading.) You will be submitting this in your
Lab Canvas
Slide 37
Discuss some ways you might modify an assistive robot for the
two audiences Source: http://www.robaid.com/