Paula PeräläPaula PeräläMTT Agrifood Research FinlandMTT Agrifood Research Finland
Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Inventory in FinlandInventory in Finland
Participants of National InventoryParticipants of National Inventory
FINLAND´S NATIONAL GHG
INVENTORY
MTT Agrifood MTT Agrifood Research FinlandResearch Finland
Statistics FinlandStatistics Finland
Finnish Forest Finnish Forest
Research Institute (METLA)Research Institute (METLA)
Finnish Finnish Environment InstituteEnvironment Institute
Technical Research Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTTCentre of Finland (VTT))
Agricultural Emission SourcesAgricultural Emission Sources
NN22O emissions from O emissions from
manure managementmanure management
COCO22 emissions from emissions from
agricultural soilsagricultural soils
CHCH44 emissions from emissions from
manure managementmanure management
CHCH44 emissions from emissions from
enteric fermentationenteric fermentation
of livestockof livestock
Direct and indirectDirect and indirect
NN22O emissions from O emissions from
agricultural soilsagricultural soils
Agricultural EmissionsAgricultural Emissions(Tg CO(Tg CO22 -equivalents) -equivalents)
19901990 19931993 19951995 19981998 20012001
CHCH44 2.06 1.92 1.85 1.83 1.76
NN22OO 4.82 4.21 4.22 3.88 3.73
COCO22 3.22 2.23 1.73 2.03 1.95
TotalTotal 10.1010.10 8.368.36 7.797.79 7.747.74 7.457.45
Source:Finland´s National Inventory Report 2002 to the European Commission
Agricultural EmissionsAgricultural Emissions(Tg CO(Tg CO22 – equivalents/year) – equivalents/year)
00,5
11,5
22,5
33,5
44,5
5
1990 1993 1998 2001
N2O
CO2
CH4
Source:Finland´s National Inventory Report 2002 to the European Commission
Emissions by Source and GasEmissions by Source and Gas
-20 %
0 %
20 %
40 %
60 %
80 %
100 %
1990 1993 1995 1998 2001
CO2 liming
CO2 mineral soils
CO2 organic soils
N2O manure management
N2O agricultural soils
CH4 manure management
CH4 enteric fermentation
Source:Finland´s National Inventory Report 2002 to the European Commission
Agenda 2000 scenarioAgenda 2000 scenario(Tg CO(Tg CO22 eq/year) eq/year)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
CO2 liming
CO2 organic soils
N2O atmospheric deposition
N2O soils
N2O manure management
CH4 manure management
CH4 enteric fermentation
Source: Finland´s Third National Communication Under the UNFCCC
Activity Data SourcesActivity Data Sources
INVENTORY
Published Literature
Agricultural Organizations
Research Institutes
Databases
Agricultural Experts
Calculation Methods-SummaryCalculation Methods-Summary
Emission sourceEmission source MethodMethod
CH4 enteric fermentation IPCC Tier 1 and Tier 2
CHCH4 4 manure managementmanure management IPCC Tier 2 IPCC Tier 2
N2O manure management IPCC
NN22O agricultural soilsO agricultural soils IPCC Tier 1a and IPCC Tier 1 bIPCC Tier 1a and IPCC Tier 1 b
CO2 agricultural soilsIPCC
Both national data and IPCC default values used for calculating the parameters
CHCH4 4 From Enteric FermentationFrom Enteric Fermentation
Cattle:
IPCC Tier 2 method with both national data and IPCC default values used for calculating emission factors
Other livestock:
IPCC Tier 1 method with IPCC default values as emission factors except for reindeer (national EF)
CHCH44 From Enteric Fermentation- From Enteric Fermentation-
Methods and Emission FactorsMethods and Emission FactorsAnimal category Method EF
(kg CH4/head/year)
EF Source
Dairy cows IPCC Tier 2 114.0 National
Mother cows IPCC Tier 2 66.05 National
Bulls IPCC Tier 2 60.15 National
Heifers IPCC Tier 2 61.24 National
Calves IPCC Tier 2 25.08 National
Swine IPCC Tier 1 1.50 IPCC Default
Sheep IPCC Tier 1 8.0 IPCC Default
Goats IPCC Tier 1 5.0 IPCC Default
Horses IPCC Tier 1 18.0 IPCC Default
Reindeer IPCC Tier 1 8.85 National
CHCH44 From Manure Management From Manure Management
Calculated for each animal type and manure Calculated for each animal type and manure management systemmanagement system by IPCC Tier 2 method
with both with both national data and IPCC default values for parameters
CHCH44 From Manure Management- From Manure Management-
Emission FactorsEmission Factors
Animal category EF
(kg CH4/head/year)
Dairy cows 7.92
Mother cows 1.41
Bulls 4.37
Heifers 3.07
Calves 1.31
Swine 3.37
Sheep 0.19
Goats 0.12
Horses 1.42
Poultry 0.09
NN22O From Manure ManagementO From Manure Management
Calculated by using Calculated by using IPCC method and IPCC default emission factors for each for each manure management systemmanure management system
NN22O From Manure Management- O From Manure Management-
Emission FactorsEmission Factors
Manure management system
EF
(kg N2O-N/kg Nitrogen excreted)
Pasture 0.02
Slurry 0.001
Solid storage 0.02
NN2O EO Emissions From Soilsssions From Soils
Calculated by using Calculated by using IPCC Tier 1 a method for direct emissions and IPCC Tier 1 b method for indirect emissions
NN2O EO Emissions From Soilsssions From Soils
Direct emissions: synthetic fertilizers, livestock manure, crop residue, N-fixation, organic soils, sewage sludge
Indirect emissions: atmospheric deposition (synthetic fertilizers, livestock manure, sewage sludge), leaching and run-off (synthetic fertilizers, livestock manure, sewage sludge)
Direct NDirect N22O Emissions From SoilsO Emissions From Soils
Emission source EF
(kg N2O-N/kg N)
EF Source
Synthetic Fertilizers 0.0125 IPCC
Livestock Manure 0.0125 IPCC
Sewage Sludge 0.0125 IPCC
Crop Residue 0.0125 IPCC
N-Fixation 0.0125 IPCC
Emission source EF
(kg N2O-N /ha/year)
EF Source
Organic Soils 8.0 IPCC
Indirect NIndirect N22O Emissions From SoilsO Emissions From Soils
Atmospheric Deposition
Fraction Emitted as NH4-N & NOx-N/kg N
%
EF
(kg N2O-N/
kg NH4-N & NOx-N)
EF
Source
Synthetic Fertilizers 0.6 0.01 IPCC
Livestock Manure 31 0.01 IPCC
Sewage Sludge 31 0.01 IPCC
Leaching and Run-Off
Fraction of N Leached
%
EF
(kg N2O-N / kg N leached)
Synthetic Fertilizers 15 0.025 IPCC
Livestock Manure 15 0.025 IPCC
Sewage Sludge 15 0.025 IPCC
CO22 Emissions From Soils Emissions From Soils
Mineral soils:
Calculated by using changes in carbon stocks in 20 years period resulting from land-use changes
Organic soils:
Calculated by using both IPCC and national emission factors
Liming:
Calculated by using IPCC method and both IPCC and national conversion factors
Mineral Soils-ParametersMineral Soils-Parameters
Land-use type: long term cultivated, improved pasture, set aside, forested, abandoned
Soil type (area of total): high activity (11%), low activity (41 %), sandy (33%)
Soil carbon stock (Mg/ha): sandy 14-22,
low activity and high activity 56-88
Organic Soils-Emission factorsOrganic Soils-Emission factors
Mg C/ha/a EF Source
Peat soils
(organic matter >40 %)
Pasture 2 National
Upland crop 4 National
Other organic soils
(organic matter 20-40%)
Pasture 0.5 National
Upland crop 1 IPCC
LimingLiming
IPCC method and both IPCC and national conversion factors used
Conversion factors: limestone 0.12, dolomite 0.13, briquette lime 0.12
Amounts of lime from the Finnish Liming Association
Uncertainty Analysis in Uncertainty Analysis in Agricultural Sector (1999)Agricultural Sector (1999)
Source Category Source Category and Gasand Gas
Activity Data Activity Data UncertaintyUncertainty
%%
Emission Factor Emission Factor UncertaintyUncertainty
%%
Combined Combined UncertaintyUncertainty
%%
CO2 soils 30 100 104
CH4 enteric fermentation
10 30 32
CH4 manure management
10 30 32
N2O manure management
10 100 100
N2O soils-direct 30 100 104
N2O soils-indirect
40 150 155
Source: Pipatti, R. 2001. Greenhouse gas emissions and removals in Finland. VTT Research Notes 2094
Quality Assurance and ControlQuality Assurance and Control
In co-operation with: Statistics Finland
Finnish Environment Institute and Technical Research Centre of Finland
Principal tasks at the moment:
Complete documentation of the system
Updating the parameters used
Future DevelopmentFuture Development
Parameter updating QA/QC measures Uncertainty analysis Measurements for acquiring national data Development of new calculation methods International co-operation
Top Related