Parliamentarians and Mainstreaming Energy
Access
Gregory WoodsworthEnergy Policy AdvisorUnited Nations Development Programme
EAC energy access strategy
84% of households use biomass3% rural, 32% urban connected to gridBonn Conference, GFSE, E4DMinisters: Move beyond Business as UsualCommitment to meet the MDGsMDG framework: domestic fuels, electricity where cost effective, motive powerEnergy Access = Electrification from national grid
coal oil natural gas sunlight wind biomass
electricity charcoal biofuels LPG/propane
Sources
Extraction Treatment
ConversionTechnologies
Distribution
ServiceTechnologies
Carriers(fuels)
Services
Electricity, grid, truck, railway, women
light bulb, automobile, refrigerator, gas stove, arc welder, water pump
Architecture of the Energy System
communicationtransportation keeping warm/cold foodhealth care securitypotable water consumer goods
Coal mining, tree felling, oil/gas recovery etc
Coal/gas fired power plant, photovoltaic panels wind turbines, biogas digester
August 2005 November 2006
Development of the Energy Access Strategy
Energy Access Strategy Profile
will provide improved energy access for about 50% (48 million people) of the region’s population. Energy access targets can be met with an approach that has high impact, low cost and is scaleable by 2015Development of priority MDG-based energy access investment programmes
EAC - regional coordinating institution
MDG-based Energy targets for 2015
Target 1: Enable the use of modern fuels for 50% of those who at present use traditional biomass for cooking - improved cookstoves, reduce indoor air pollution, increase sustainable biomass production.
Target 2: Access to electricity for all urban and peri-urban poor.
Target 3: Access to modern energy services such as lighting, refrigeration, information and communication technology, and water treatment and supply for all schools, clinics, hospitals and community centres.
Target 4: Access to mechanical power within the community for all communities for heating and productive uses.
TargetPopulation Focus
Access level 2004
Access level 2004 (%)
Access objective 2015
Access level 2015 (%)
Target 1 – Modern fuels for cooking.
Urban poor (M HHs)
3.0 47% 4.30 73%
Rural poor (M HHs)
1.5 11% 7.70 56%
Target 2 – Access to reliable modern electricity services for all urban and peri-urban poor.
Urban poor (M HHs)
2.0 43% 4.1 100%
Urban slums (M HHs)
0.5 30% 1.9 100%
Target 3 – Modern energy for services for all schools, clinics, hospitals and community centers.
Schools
1,847.6 4% 41,048 100%
Clinics
401.0 4% 15,597 100%
Hospitals
37.5 5% 796 100%
Target 4 – Access to mechanical power for all communities for productive uses.
Rural communities
954.5 4% 24,120 100%
Overall Investment PlanSources of fundsUses of funds
Soft costs$510
$2660
$220
$290
$1020
$1610
US$M
Total:$3170
$290
$0
$500
$1000
$1500
$2000
$2500
$3000
$3500
Capital Expenditure
Programs Loan Guarantees
Conces-sional Finance
National Budget and Donor Grants
End UserWillingness to Pay
Baseline subsidy$1050
Mainstreaming Energy Access
Investments will not happen without prioritization of energy access
Mainstreaming energy access at present:Political commitment; approval by EAC Council of Ministers and Heads of State (top down)
Technical response; multi-sectoral working groups (bottom up)
Working Hypothesis
Strategies that provide:regional and national quantifiable and time-bound energy access targets, programme implementation frameworks, investment plans, and Backed by political commitment,
present Parlimentarians the means to influence the policy framework (PRSP) and budgetary allocations (MTEF)
Mechanisms:finance/budget committees andsector committees Special cases: Constituency Development Funds
Aligning political commitment, public policy and public expenditure.
More Questions than AnswersRole of parliament in influencing energy access policy framework and budgetary allocations?What can parliamentarians do with a regional strategy vs. energy access legislation?Relationship between regional and national assemblies?What are the most effective interventions?
Awareness raising?Capacity building?Model legislation?Technical support?
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