TABLE OF CONTENTS
• Ingress and Egress
• Number of Parking Spaces
• Size of Parking Spaces
• Accessibility
• Aisle Width
• Pedestrian Circulation
• Special Vehicle Access
• Off-Street Loading Area
• Waste Disposal
• Drainage
• Landscaping
• Lighting
Ingress and Egress
The means of entering and leaving the site
• Regulated by state and local governments• Width• Slope• Drive radius• Pavement composition
• Encroachment permit
Ingress and Egress
• Discourage through traffic
• Rule of thumb
• Less than 5000 vehicles/day use single 2-way
drive or two 1-way drives
• Align new drives with other access drives
• Local regulations
• Distance from corners and other drives
Number of Parking Spaces
• Dictated by local codes
• Dependent upon use of the building
• Example requirements
©iStockphoto.com
Size of Parking Spaces• Parallel
• Most difficult to access• Avoid if possible
• Ninety-degree• Most spaces per area• Typical size: 9 ft x 18 ft or 19 ft• More difficult to access than angles• Not recommended for short term parking
• Angled • Size varies according to angle• 60 degree parking most common
Aisle Width
• Dictated by local codes
• Two-way aisle is preferable
• Typical two-way aisle is 24 feet wide
• May be less for one-way traffic
©iStockphoto.com
Pedestrian Circulation
• Separate pedestrians from traffic• Provide accessible route to entrance from
parking, public transportation, and adjacent buildings
Typical walkway widths• 3 ft wide for one-way • 5 ft wide for two-way
©iStockphoto.com US. Department of TransportationFederal Highway Administration
Pedestrian Circulation
• Align parking spaces for easy pedestrian movement
TM 5-803, Site Planning and Design courtesy Department of the Army.
PREFERRED PERPENDICULAR ALIGNMNET PARALLEL ALIGNMNET
Special Vehicle Access
• Plan for access for special vehicles that may access the site• Fire engines• City buses• School buses• Tractor trailers• Garbage trucks
• Research required road widths, turn radii, and parking
©iStockphoto.com
Off-Street Loading Area• Plan for access for loading and
unloading of products and materials
• Best practices• Locate loading area away from traffic• Locate loading area out of view
• Check local requirements
©iStockphoto.com
Waste Disposal
• Plan for dumpster and garbage truck access
• Best practice – Screen dumpster from view• Fence• Wall• Landscaping
• Check local regulations
©iStockphoto.com
Drainage
• Traditional design slopes pavement toward storm drains
• LID techniques• Reduce impervious surface
area• Permeable pavement• Permeable paver blocks• Drain to adjacent buffers,
strips, and swales• Drain to nearby
bioretention areasCourtesy the Environmental Protection Agency
Landscaping
• Improves aesthetics
• Building base landscaping
• Provides shade
• Parking screen (buffer)
• Parking islands
©iStockphoto.com
Lighting
©iStockphoto.com
• Improves safety
• Often required by local regulations• Provides light to illuminate property but
does not illuminate adjacent property
TABLE OF CONTENTS
• Ingress and Egress
• Number of Parking Spaces
• Size of Parking Spaces
• Accessibility
• Aisle Width
• Pedestrian Circulation
• Special Vehicle Access
• Off-Street Loading Area
• Waste Disposal
• Drainage
• Landscaping
• Lighting
Image Sources
Istockphoto. (2009). Retrieved December 15, 2009, from www.istockphoto.com
Environmental Protection Agency. (n.d.). Stormwater management best practices. Retrieved December 15, 2009, from
http://www.epa.gov/greeningepa/stormwater/best_practices.htm#permeablepavers
Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board. (2004) ADA and ABA accessibility guidelines for buildings and
facilities. Retrieved November 20, 2009, from http://www.access- board.gov/ada-aba/preamble.htm
U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. (n.d.) Flexibility in highway design. Retrieved December 15, 2009, from http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/flex/ch03.htm
Top Related