“There is no justifi cation for making people live in captivity stripped of the right to work, based on the fact that they were born on the other side of a border.” - Jacob Appel
seeks shelter from danger
political
seeks better opportunity
economical
“Available information suggests there were 42 million forcibly dis-placed people worldwide at the end of 2008. The United Nations Offi ce for the Coordination of Hu-manitarian Affairs (OCHA) estimates that there are an additional 25 million people who have been dis-placed due to natural di-sasters.”
- UN Refugee Agency
refugee origin
refugee destination
“But no government, how-ever benign and generous, can be expected to allow hundreds of thousands of people from a neighboring country to enjoy a high-er standard of living than the native population, so great pressure exists to cap the amount of aid available or at least to avoid its conspicuous dis-play.”
- Jim Lewis, NY Times
"Asylum policy is a mat-ter for governments, not the Red Cross... It is our job to meet the needs of people caught up in refu-gee crises, not to judge them."
- Sir Nicholas, IFRC
voluntary repatriation to the home country
resettlement in anoth-er country
permanent integration in country of asylum
“Can a border be infra-structure and provide a frame for non conformity? Could transnational col-laboration create an ur-banism beyond the property line?”
- Teddy Cruz
case study Myanmar
As of December 31, 2005, the largest source coun-tries of refugees are Af-ghanistan, Iraq, Myanmar, Sudan, and the Palestinian Territories.
By nationality, the main benefi ciaries of the UNH-CR-facilitated resettle-ment programmes in 2008 were refugees from Myanmar (23,200).
More than three quarters of the world’s refugees seek asylum in neighbour-ing countries or the im-mediate region.
refugees in asia
myanmar
political unrest since 1962
ethnic cleansing indige-nous cultures
natural disaster cyclone Nargis May 2008
emigration is illegal
thailand
didn’t sign 1951 UNCHR Refugees Convention
150,000 burmese in camps150,000 burmese in cities
half camp population < 18
temporary bamboo shelterscamps since 1984 (25 yrs)
case study : modern nomadic life
design
what are generic charac-teristics of settlements?
what is the potential in the architectural scale?
what is the role of space in the shifting identity?
does the socio-urban fab-ric survive the changes?
unclaimed territory
methodology and planning
theoretical research- temporary settlements- extraterritorialism- autarky and trade- integration
fi eld research- nomadic- camp life- urban ghetto- resettlement
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