Overview of Roe ProductsOverview of Roe Products
Bob Price, UC DavisBob Price, UC Davis
5454thth Annual PFT Meeting Annual PFT Meeting
Reno, NevadaReno, Nevada
Aquatic Roe ProductsAquatic Roe Products
• DefinitionsDefinitions
• World ProductionWorld Production
• Export/Import ValuesExport/Import Values
• Commercial Roe ProductsCommercial Roe Products
Aquatic Roe ProductsAquatic Roe Products
• FAO ClassificationsFAO Classifications– CaviarCaviar– Caviar substitutesCaviar substitutes– Processed roe products (not included Processed roe products (not included
elsewhere)elsewhere)
World Aquatic Roe Production
010,00020,00030,00040,00050,00060,00070,00080,000
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
Year
Met
ric
Tons Total
Caviar
Processed
1999 Roe and Caviar 1999 Roe and Caviar ProductionProduction
(Metric Tons)(Metric Tons)Russian FederationRussian Federation 27,29027,290SwedenSweden 8,8358,835ChinaChina 6,1006,100Korea, SouthKorea, South 4,6394,639NorwayNorway 1,8771,877IcelandIceland 1,1551,155GermanyGermany 888888DenmarkDenmark 571571GreeceGreece 199199SpainSpain 188188IranIran 9797USAUSA 1818
Value of Exports and Imports
050,000100,000150,000200,000250,000300,000350,000400,000450,000500,000
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
Year
1,0
00
$ U
.S.
Exports
Imports
Aquatic Roe ProductsAquatic Roe Products
• Whole ovariesWhole ovaries
• CaviarCaviar
• Caviar substitutesCaviar substitutes
• Processed roe productsProcessed roe products
• Artificial caviarArtificial caviar
Whole ovariesWhole ovaries
sea urchin roe sea urchin roe (uni)(uni)
Shad roe
CaviarCaviar
• “…“…the term ‘caviar’ unqualified the term ‘caviar’ unqualified should be applied only to the product should be applied only to the product prepared by salting sturgeon roe.” prepared by salting sturgeon roe.” [FDA Service and Regulatory [FDA Service and Regulatory Announcement No. 3, March 1917]Announcement No. 3, March 1917]
CaviarCaviar
California California OsetraOsetra
BelugBelugaa
Huso huso
Osetra
Acipenser gueldenstaedtii colchicus
Sevruga
Acipenser stellatus
Acipenser transmontanus
Worlds Most Expensive Worlds Most Expensive CaviarCaviar
The world's most expensive caviar is called Almas (Russian for diamond). This beluga caviar is white in appearance and comes from fish over 100 years old. Almas is extremely rare. Caviar House Almas Iranian caviar is packed in 24K solid gold tins and sells for $23,308 per kg.
Caviar substitutesCaviar substitutes
• Caviar made from aquatic species Caviar made from aquatic species other than sturgeonother than sturgeon
Aquatic Species Suitable for Aquatic Species Suitable for Caviar SubstitutesCaviar Substitutes
AlewifeAlewife BowfinBowfin BreamBreamCapelinCapelin CarpCarp CodCodFlounderFlounder Flying fishFlying fish GobeGobeGrenadierGrenadier HaddockHaddock HalibutHalibutHerringHerring Ling codLing cod LobsterLobsterLumpfishLumpfish MackerelMackerel MulletMulletOrange roughyOrange roughy PaddlefishPaddlefish PerchPerchPikePike PollockPollock RoachRoachSaitheSaithe SalmonSalmon ShrimpShrimpSoleSole TroutTrout TunaTunaWhitefishWhitefish
CapelinCapelin CodCod Flying fishFlying fish
LumpfishLumpfish SalmonSalmon
SmeltSmelt TroutTrout WhitefishWhitefish
Paddlefish
Color Variation in Lumpfish Color Variation in Lumpfish RoeRoe
Processed Roe ProductsProcessed Roe Products
DriedDriedCured Cured FriedFried
FrozenFrozenMarinatedMarinated
PasteurizedPasteurizedPressedPressedSaltedSaltedSlicedSliced
SmokedSmoked
herring roe (kazunoko)herring roe (kazunoko) Pressed sturgeon Pressed sturgeon caviarcaviar
Avgotaraho
Bottarga Fish bait
Artificial CaviarArtificial Caviar
• EurocaviarEurocaviar– Made from a paste of mullet, herring Made from a paste of mullet, herring
and salmon eggs, and gelatinand salmon eggs, and gelatin– Formed into 2-3 mm ballsFormed into 2-3 mm balls– Infrared thermotreatmentInfrared thermotreatment– Cured in flavored brineCured in flavored brine– PasteurizedPasteurized
• Cavi*ArtCavi*Art– First vegetarian caviar (introduced First vegetarian caviar (introduced
2000)2000)– Made from seaweed and alginic acidMade from seaweed and alginic acid
Caviar Quality GuidelinesCaviar Quality Guidelines• Beluga CaviarBeluga Caviar
– Grade 1: Large grain. Absolute top quality.Grade 1: Large grain. Absolute top quality. • 000 light gray. The most expensive and precious.000 light gray. The most expensive and precious.• 00 medium gray 00 medium gray • 0 dark gray 0 dark gray
– Grade 2: Smaller grain. Medium to light gray. Grade 2: Smaller grain. Medium to light gray. • Osetra CaviarOsetra Caviar
– Grade 1 Grade 1 • Color A: gray goldColor A: gray gold• Color B: dark grayColor B: dark gray
– Grade 2 Grade 2 • Smaller grainSmaller grain• Medium gray colorMedium gray color
• Sevruga CaviarSevruga Caviar – Grade 1 Grade 1
• Dark gray to light gray Dark gray to light gray – Grade 2:Grade 2:
• Smaller grainSmaller grain• Dark gray PRESSED CAVIAR Dark gray PRESSED CAVIAR
ReferencesReferences
• Sternin, V. and Dore, I. 1993. Caviar: The Resource Book. Cultura, Moscow, Russia.Sternin, V. and Dore, I. 1993. Caviar: The Resource Book. Cultura, Moscow, Russia.• http://www.epicurious.com/http://www.epicurious.com/• http://www.foodsubs.com/Caviar.htmlhttp://www.foodsubs.com/Caviar.html• http://www.nvogue.com/nVogueFoods/Caviar/caviarguide.htmhttp://www.nvogue.com/nVogueFoods/Caviar/caviarguide.htm• http://members.tripod.com/CaviarInc/a5.htmhttp://members.tripod.com/CaviarInc/a5.htm• http://www.tsarnicoulai.com/index.htmlhttp://www.tsarnicoulai.com/index.html• http://www.caviarchef.com/default.tplhttp://www.caviarchef.com/default.tpl• https://secure.galisteo.com/pro-src/scripts/caviar-direct/pricelist.htmlhttps://secure.galisteo.com/pro-src/scripts/caviar-direct/pricelist.html• http://www.farm-2-market.com/products/caviar.html#WILDhttp://www.farm-2-market.com/products/caviar.html#WILD• http://www.igourmet.com/shoppe.asp?cat=3&source=pepperjamhttp://www.igourmet.com/shoppe.asp?cat=3&source=pepperjam• http://www.sterlingcaviar.com/http://www.sterlingcaviar.com/• http://www.icaviar.com/american.htmhttp://www.icaviar.com/american.htm• http://www.latimes.com/features/food/la-000102107dec26.story?coll=la-headlines-http://www.latimes.com/features/food/la-000102107dec26.story?coll=la-headlines-
food-manualfood-manual• http://www.ippi.com/dir_aaa/col_tobiko.htmlhttp://www.ippi.com/dir_aaa/col_tobiko.html• http://www.farawayfoods.com/tunaroe.htmlhttp://www.farawayfoods.com/tunaroe.html• http://www.866-caviar6.com/American_Caviar.htmlhttp://www.866-caviar6.com/American_Caviar.html• http://www.freshcaviar.com/caviarprices.htmhttp://www.freshcaviar.com/caviarprices.htm
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