Lesson Notes
Sub: Science Grade: IV
Chapter: 7 Our Clothes
CONCEPT MAP
Spinning
Fibres to Fabric
Different processes-
Yarn
Dyeing and
Colouring
Weaving Knitting
Fibre
Fabric
Our Clothes
Taking care of
Clothes
Lesson Notes
Key words :
• Fibres
• Fabrics
• Patterns
• Spinning
• Yarn
• Charkha
• Weaving
• Loom
• Knitting
• Dye
• Bleach
• Moth balls
• Silverfish
Lesson Notes
Discuss how these patterns are formed.
Different types of fibres are used to make different kinds of clothes.
Fibres: - The long and thin threads that are used to make a fabric are
known as fibres.
• Fibres can be woven or knitted to form fabric.
• Clothes are made of fabrics.
Take a piece of cloth and pull the loose threads from a corner.
Observe these threads carefully. What do you see?
Different processes by which clothes are made, these are as follows:-
• Spinning : The process of twisting fibres to make a yarn is called
spinning.
Lesson Notes
➢ Cotton balls obtained from the cotton pants are converted
into yarns by spinning.
➢ It is done by using spinning wheel (Charkha) or machines.
Yarn: - These are the long threads obtained after spinning of
fibres which are used to make cloth.
• Weaving: - It is a method by which cloth is made by criss-crossing
threads together.
Looms: Yarns are woven into a fabric on machines called looms.
Loom
I SURF : https://youtu.be/5UBhRgRyxi8
• Knitting: - The process of making a fabric with the help of special
needles and loops of yarn.
Lesson Notes
➢ In this yarn is twisted into a series of loops to make a fabric
or cloth.
➢ Knitting machines or knitting needles are used.
➢ Common knitted fabrics are Woollen T-shirts, socks and
sweaters.
• Dyeing and Colouring : -The woven fabric looks like a sheet so
after weaving it follows –
➢ It is treated with chemicals to remove any impurities or
seed particles.
➢ It is bleached to make the cloth pur white in colour.
➢ Then fabric is dyed and coloured in bright colours.
After all these processes the fabric is ready. These fabrics are stitched in
different patterns to make beautiful dresses.
Lesson Notes
I SURF : https://youtu.be/ac40h4c7m4A
Taking Care of Clothes: - We should look after our clothes so that they
last longer and look good.
➢ Clothes should be cleaned properly. Like woollen and delicate
clothes.
➢ Some clothes need a lot of care: which are made up of Animal
fibres wool and silk. They are easily attacked by insects such as
moth and silverfish.
Lesson Notes
➢ We should store clothes only after they are cleaned properly.
Some tips to take care of clothes are:-
➢ Wash clothes with water and mild detergents.
➢ Store clothes with dried neem leaves or moth balls.
Lesson Notes
Let’s Practice Answer Key
A. Fill in the blanks:-
Lesson Notes
1. fibres 2. weaving 3. socks 4. should
5. spinning wheel
B. Tick the correct options:-
1. b. knitting needles.
2. b. yarn
3. d. weaving and knitting
C. Short answer questions:-
1. A long and thin thread like substances which is used to
make fabrics is called as fibres.
2. Looms are the machines which are used for weaving yarn
to make fabric.
3. Weaving and Knitting are the two ways by which fabrics
can be made.
4. Woollen clothes be cleaned before being put away
because they are made from animal fibre called wool which
can easily attacked by insects such as moth and silverfish.
Lesson Notes
5. We need to take care of our clothes so that they last
longer and look good.
D. Long answer Questions:-
1. The following steps are involved in the preparation of
fabric from fibres:
(i) Obtaining fibre. For example- cotton from plants and
wool from animals.
(ii) Preparation of Yarn from fibres by spinning
(iii) When two sets of yarn are involved, so it undergoes as
weaving on looms to make fabric. Examples- Cotton fabrics
or silk sarees.
(iv) When a single yarn is used, the fabric is prepared by
knitting. Examples- Sweaters and socks.
2.
Spinning
Weaving
Knitting
The process of twisting fibres to make yarn is called spinning.
The process of arranging two sets of yarn together to make fabric is
The process in which a yarn is twisted into a series of loops to
Lesson Notes
called weaving. make a fabric is called knitting.
It is either done by using a spinning wheel or Machines.
Machines used for weaving are looms.
For knitting, either knitting machines or knitting needles are used.
Examples:- cotton, wool etc.
Examples: - cotton sheets, table cloth, bedsheet, dress material.
Example:- sweaters, socks etc.
3. Refer page no.76 of student’s book.
Lesson Notes
Lesson Notes
Lesson Notes
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